Abstract:
RATIONALE:Outcome measures that integrate mortality and morbidity, like quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), have been proposed for critical care clinical trials. OBJECTIVES:We sought to describe the distribution of QALYs in critically ill patients and estimate sample size requirements for a hypothetical trial using QALYs as the primary outcome. METHODS:We used data from a prospective cohort study of survivors of acute respiratory distress syndrome to generate utility values and calculate QALYs at 6 and 12 months. Using multiple simulations, we estimated the required sample sizes for multiple outcome scenarios in a hypothetical trial, including a base-case wherein the intervention improved both mortality and QALYs among survivors. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:From 195 enrolled patients, follow-up was sufficient to generate QALY outcomes for 168 (86.2%) at 6 months and 159 (81.5%) at 1 year. For a hypothetical intervention that reduced mortality from 48 to 44% and improved QALYs by 0.025 in survivors at 6 months, the required per-group sample size was 571 (80% power; two-sided α = 0.05), compared with 2,436 patients needed for a comparison focusing on mortality alone. When only mortality or QALY in survivors (but not both) showed improvement by these amounts, 3,426 and 1,827 patients per group were needed, respectively. When mortality and morbidity effects moved in opposite directions, simulation results became impossible to interpret. CONCLUSIONS:QALYs may be a feasible outcome in critical care trials yielding a patient-centered result and major gains in statistical power under certain conditions, but this approach is susceptible to several threats, including loss to follow-up.
journal_name
Am J Respir Crit Care Medauthors
Ferguson ND,Scales DC,Pinto R,Wilcox ME,Cook DJ,Guyatt GH,Schünemann HJ,Marshall JC,Herridge MS,Meade MO,Canadian Critical Care Trials Group.doi
10.1164/rccm.201206-1057OCsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-02-01 00:00:00pages
256-61issue
3eissn
1073-449Xissn
1535-4970pii
rccm.201206-1057OCjournal_volume
187pub_type
杂志文章abstract:RATIONALE:In a pulmonary process characterized by spatially heterogeneous loss of aeration, the impairment of gas exchange is expected to depend on the regional distribution of perfusion relative to that of aeration. OBJECTIVES:To investigate how regional aeration, shunt, and perfusion are interrelated at different le...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200703-484OC
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journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00