Prostate cancer in a transgenic mouse.

abstract：:Cytokines such as interleukin 4 (IL-4) play a key role in the regulation of immune responses, but little is known about how their multiple activities are regulated in vivo. In this report, we demonstrated that an IL-4-binding protein (IL-4BP) is constitutively present in the biological fluids of mice (serum, ascites, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fernandez-Botran R,Vitetta ES

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The enzymes responsible for the oxidation of n-octane to octanoic acid or beyond in Pseudomonas oleovorans are octane inducible and are coded by genes borne on a transmissible extrachromosomal element. The octane to octanoate enzymes induced by octane are repressed by octanol. The chromosome also carries genes coding ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chakrabarty AM,Chou G,Gunsalus IC

更新日期：1973-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to colored slides contained a late positive component that was significantly enhanced when adults recognized the person, place, or painting in the photograph. Additionally, two late components change in amplitude, corresponding to the amount of surprise reported. Because subjects ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Neville H,Snyder E,Woods D,Galambos R

更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Variation of chloroplast DNA and nuclear ribosomal DNA (DNA encoding ribosomal RNA) was studied for five species of white oak native to the eastern United States. Although these species differ in many morphological characters and have different (though overlapping) geographical ranges and ecological tolerances, they a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Whittemore AT,Schaal BA

更新日期：1991-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytoplasm and biomembranes in biological cells contain large numbers of proteins that cyclically change their shapes. They are molecular machines that can function as molecular motors or carry out various other tasks in the cell. Many enzymes also undergo conformational changes within their turnover cycles. We ana...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mikhailov AS,Kapral R

更新日期：2015-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Kinesin-1 is a molecular motor protein that transports cargo along microtubules. Inside cells, the vast majority of kinesin-1 is regulated to conserve ATP and to ensure its proper intracellular distribution and coordination with other molecular motors. Regulated kinesin-1 folds in half at a hinge in its coiled-coil st...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dietrich KA,Sindelar CV,Brewer PD,Downing KH,Cremo CR,Rice SE

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have investigated the frequency of p53 mutations in B- and T-cell human lymphoid malignancies, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the major subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. p53 exons 5-9 were studied by using genomic DNA from 197 primary tumors and 27 cell lines by single-str...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gaidano G,Ballerini P,Gong JZ,Inghirami G,Neri A,Newcomb EW,Magrath IT,Knowles DM,Dalla-Favera R

更新日期：1991-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Levels of inter-male aggression, both in laboratory encounters and in the field, rise dramatically during the breeding season, closely paralleling the seasonal rise in testosterone. However, post-pubertally castrated males also show the dramatic seasonal rise in aggression in laboratory encounters with castrated oppon...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Caldwell GS,Glickman SE,Smith ER

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection alters the expression of many cellular genes, including IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) [Zhu, H., Cong, J.-P., Mamtora, G., Gingeras, T. & Shenk, T. (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 14470-14475]. By using high-density cDNA microarrays, we show that the HCMV-regulated gene expres...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Simmen KA,Singh J,Luukkonen BG,Lopper M,Bittner A,Miller NE,Jackson MR,Compton T,Früh K

更新日期：2001-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The serotonin transporter (SERT) is a major regulator of serotonergic neurotransmission and anxiety-related behaviors. SERT is expressed in two alternative polyadenylation forms that differ by an evolutionarily conserved element in the 3' untranslated region of its mRNA. Expression of SERT mRNA containing the distal p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yoon Y,McKenna MC,Rollins DA,Song M,Nuriel T,Gross SS,Xu G,Glatt CE

更新日期：2013-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Ig heavy chain (IgH) isotypes (e.g., IgM, IgG, and IgE) are generated as secreted/soluble antibodies (sIg) or as membrane-bound (mIg) B cell receptors (BCRs) through alternative RNA splicing. IgH isotype dictates soluble antibody function, but how mIg isotype influences B cell behavior is not well defined. We examined...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tong P,Granato A,Zuo T,Chaudhary N,Zuiani A,Han SS,Donthula R,Shrestha A,Sen D,Magee JM,Gallagher MP,van der Poel CE,Carroll MC,Wesemann DR

更新日期：2017-10-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear LIM domain protein LMO2, a T cell oncoprotein, is essential for embryonic erythropoiesis. LIM-only proteins are presumed to act primarily through protein-protein interactions. We, and others, have identified a widely expressed protein, Ldb1, whose C-terminal 76-residues are sufficient to mediate interactio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Visvader JE,Mao X,Fujiwara Y,Hahm K,Orkin SH

更新日期：1997-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The heat shock protein (Hsp)70 family of molecular chaperones interacts with unfolded proteins through a C-terminal substrate-binding domain (SBD) that is controlled by nucleotide binding to the N-terminal domain. The ATPase cycle is regulated by cochaperones, including DnaJ proteins that accelerate ATP hydrolysis to ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Awad W,Estrada I,Shen Y,Hendershot LM

更新日期：2008-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Two monoclonal antibodies directed against the native beta 2 subunit of Escherichia coli tryptophan synthase [L-serine hydro-lyase (adding indoleglycerol-phosphate), EC 4.2.1.20], one recognizing the C-terminal F1 domain and the other the N-terminal F2 domain, were used to detect immunoreactive intermediates in the fo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Blond S,Goldberg M

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:By indirect immunofluorescence techniques, microtubules and mitochondria were localized in normal rat kidney cells, human WI38 fibroblasts, mouse peritoneal macrophages, and a putative smooth muscle rat cell line, in monolayer culture. The mitochondria were found to be arranged along the cytoplasmic microtubules in ea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Heggeness MH,Simon M,Singer SJ

更新日期：1978-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chorismate mutase acts at the first branch-point of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis and catalyzes the conversion of chorismate to prephenate. The results of molecular dynamics simulations of the substrate in solution and in the active site of chorismate mutase are reported. Two nonreactive conformers of chorismate ar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guo H,Cui Q,Lipscomb WN,Karplus M

更新日期：2001-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional regulation of the human major histocompatibility complex class II genes requires at least two upstream elements, the X and Y boxes, located in the -50- to -150-base-pair region of all class II promoters. The DRA and DPB promoters contain phorbol ester-responsive elements overlapping the 3' side of thei...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ono SJ,Bazil V,Levi BZ,Ozato K,Strominger JL

更新日期：1991-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The serine protease autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATEs) are secreted by pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria through the autotransporter pathway. We previously classified SPATE proteins into two classes: cytotoxic (class 1) and noncytotoxic (class 2). Here, we show that Pic, a class 2 SPATE protein produced b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ruiz-Perez F,Wahid R,Faherty CS,Kolappaswamy K,Rodriguez L,Santiago A,Murphy E,Cross A,Sztein MB,Nataro JP

更新日期：2011-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most important model organisms and has been a valuable asset to human civilization. However, despite its extensive use in the last 9,000 y, the existence of a seasonal cycle outside human-made environments has not yet been described. We demonstrate the role of social wasps as vec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stefanini I,Dapporto L,Legras JL,Calabretta A,Di Paola M,De Filippo C,Viola R,Capretti P,Polsinelli M,Turillazzi S,Cavalieri D

更新日期：2012-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Viral infection leads to activation of the transcription factors interferon regulatory factor-3 and NF-kappaB, which collaborate to induce type I IFNs. The RNA helicase proteins RIG-I and MDA5 were recently identified as two cytoplasmic viral RNA sensors that recognize different species of viral RNAs produced during v...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Diao F,Li S,Tian Y,Zhang M,Xu LG,Zhang Y,Wang RP,Chen D,Zhai Z,Zhong B,Tien P,Shu HB

更新日期：2007-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The hydrodynamic properties of the detergent-solubilized, terminal membrane complex of serum complement components C5-C9 [C5b-9(m)] were studied to obtain an estimate of its molecular weight. In a solution of Triton X-100/deoxycholate, the protein complex binds 17% Triton X-100 and 11% deoxycholate by weight. The sedi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhakdi S,Tranum-Jensen J

更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NK cells use surface NK receptors to discriminate self from non-self. The NK receptor ligand-binding domain (NKD) has been considered the sole regulator of ligand binding. Using a prototypic murine NK receptor, Ly49A, we show that the membrane proximal nonligand binding ecto-domain (the stalk region) is critical to li...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ito D,Iizuka YM,Katepalli MP,Iizuka K

更新日期：2009-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Vanadyl sulfate and sodium orthovanadate in the concentration range between 5 and 50 microM are shown to be mitogenic for quiescent cultures of Swiss mouse 3T3 and 3T6 cells. The compounds caused a striking shift in the dose-response for the effect of serum on [3H]thymidine incorporation and DNA synthesis. In the abse...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith JB

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The freezing tolerance of protoplasts isolated from nonacclimated rye leaves (Secale cereale L. cv Puma) was significantly altered by using a pH-induced protoplastliposome fusion technique to modify the lipid composition of the plasma membrane. The increase in freezing tolerance was elicited by fusion with liposomes c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Steponkus PL,Uemura M,Balsamo RA,Arvinte T,Lynch DV

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the presence of N(alpha),N(epsilon)-diacetyl-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala as donor, and either D-[(14)C]alanine, [(14)C]-glycine, or meso-[(3)H]diaminopimelic acid as acceptor, the DD carboxypeptidases from Streptomyces R61 and R39 catalyze a transpeptidation reaction with the release of terminal D-alanine from the donor and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pollock JJ,Ghuysen JM,Linder R,Salton MR,Perkins HR,Nieto M,Leyh-Bouille M,Frere JM,Johnson K

更新日期：1972-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Promoter-proximal stalling, a general phenomenon observed during the expression of many RNA polymerase II transcribed genes, is dependent on transcription factor IIH (TFIIH). Reactions lacking TFIIH initiated transcription, but the transcription complex encountered a block to elongation proximal to the promoter. The a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kumar KP,Akoulitchev S,Reinberg D

更新日期：1998-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytochrome c (cyt c) is a stable protein that functions in a monomeric state as an electron donor for cytochrome c oxidase. It is also released to the cytosol when permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane occurs at the early stage of apoptosis. For nearly half a century, it has been known that cyt c forms ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hirota S,Hattori Y,Nagao S,Taketa M,Komori H,Kamikubo H,Wang Z,Takahashi I,Negi S,Sugiura Y,Kataoka M,Higuchi Y

更新日期：2010-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian CLC proteins function as Cl(-) channels or as electrogenic Cl(-)/H(+) exchangers and are present in the plasma membrane and intracellular vesicles. We now show that the ClC-6 protein is almost exclusively expressed in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems, with a particularly high expression ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Poët M,Kornak U,Schweizer M,Zdebik AA,Scheel O,Hoelter S,Wurst W,Schmitt A,Fuhrmann JC,Planells-Cases R,Mole SE,Hübner CA,Jentsch TJ

更新日期：2006-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to intercept uncooperative targets is key to many diverse flight behaviors, from courtship to predation. Previous research has looked for simple geometric rules describing the attack trajectories of animals, but the underlying feedback laws have remained obscure. Here, we use GPS loggers and onboard video ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brighton CH,Thomas ALR,Taylor GK

更新日期：2017-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Geckos can run rapidly on walls and ceilings, requiring high friction forces (on walls) and adhesion forces (on ceilings), with typical step intervals of approximately 20 ms. The rapid switching between gecko foot attachment and detachment is analyzed theoretically based on a tape model that incorporates the adhesion ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tian Y,Pesika N,Zeng H,Rosenberg K,Zhao B,McGuiggan P,Autumn K,Israelachvili J

更新日期：2006-12-19 00:00:00