An alternative pathway for signal flow from rod photoreceptors to ganglion cells in mammalian retina.

abstract：:Polypeptide chains of 19 previously studied Escherichia coli aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are as large as 951 amino acids and, depending on the enzyme, have quaternary structures of alpha, alpha 2, alpha 2 beta 2, and alpha 4. These enzymes have been organized into two classes which are defined by sequence motifs that a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hou YM,Shiba K,Mottes C,Schimmel P

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian nervous system function involves billions of neurons which are interconnected in a multitude of neural circuits. Here we describe a genetic approach to chart neural circuits. By using an olfactory-specific promoter, we selectively expressed barley lectin in sensory neurons in the olfactory epithelium and vom...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Horowitz LF,Montmayeur JP,Echelard Y,Buck LB

更新日期：1999-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Let t --> gamma(t), 0

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stein EM,Wainger S

更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Macropinocytosis is a highly conserved endocytic process by which extracellular fluid and solutes are internalized into cells. Macropinocytosis starts with the formation of membrane ruffles at the plasma membrane and ends with their closure. The transient and sequential emergence of phosphoinositides PI(3,4,5)P3 and P...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Maekawa M,Terasaka S,Mochizuki Y,Kawai K,Ikeda Y,Araki N,Skolnik EY,Taguchi T,Arai H

更新日期：2014-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:To coordinate movements with events in a dynamic environment the brain has to anticipate when those events occur. A classic example is the estimation of time to contact (TTC), that is, when an object reaches a target. It is thought that TTC is estimated from kinematic variables. For example, a tennis player might use ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chang CJ,Jazayeri M

更新日期：2018-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation supports an ambitious portfolio of novel vaccines, drug regimens, and diagnostic tools for tuberculosis (TB). We elicited the expected efficacies and improvements of the novel interventions in discussions with the foundations managing their development. Using an age-structured mat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Abu-Raddad LJ,Sabatelli L,Achterberg JT,Sugimoto JD,Longini IM Jr,Dye C,Halloran ME

更新日期：2009-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Orai1 and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) mediate store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) in immune cells. STIM1, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) sensor, detects store depletion and interacts with plasma membrane (PM)-resident Orai1 channels at the ER-PM junctions. However, the molecular composition of these ju...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Woo JS,Srikanth S,Nishi M,Ping P,Takeshima H,Gwack Y

更新日期：2016-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Networks are widely used in the biological, physical, and social sciences as a concise mathematical representation of the topology of systems of interacting components. Understanding the structure of these networks is one of the outstanding challenges in the study of complex systems. Here we describe a general techniq...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Newman ME,Leicht EA

更新日期：2007-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Compressional waves that sample the lowermost mantle west of Central America show a rapid change in travel times of up to 4 s over a sampling distance of 300 km and a change in waveforms. The differential travel times of the PKP waves (which traverse Earth's core) correlate remarkably well with predictions for S-wave ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sun X,Song X,Zheng S,Helmberger DV

更新日期：2007-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Down syndrome (DS) is the most common form of intellectual disability. The cognitive alterations in DS are thought to depend on brain regions critical for learning and memory such as the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the hippocampus (HPC). Neuroimaging studies suggest that increased brain connectivity correlates with lo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alemany-González M,Gener T,Nebot P,Vilademunt M,Dierssen M,Puig MV

更新日期：2020-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are key signaling molecules and are intensely studied. Whereas GPCRs recognizing small-molecules have been successfully targeted for drug discovery, protein-recognizing GPCRs, such as the chemokine receptors, claim few drugs or even useful small molecule reagents. This reflects both...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mysinger MM,Weiss DR,Ziarek JJ,Gravel S,Doak AK,Karpiak J,Heveker N,Shoichet BK,Volkman BF

更新日期：2012-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ediacara biota include macroscopic, morphologically complex soft-bodied organisms that appear globally in the late Ediacaran Period (575-542 Ma). The physiology, feeding strategies, and functional morphology of the modular Ediacara organisms (rangeomorphs and erniettomorphs) remain debated but are critical for und...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Laflamme M,Xiao S,Kowalewski M

更新日期：2009-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we defined the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta (PPARdelta) in metabolic homeostasis by using subtype selective agonists. Analysis of rat L6 myotubes treated with the PPARdelta subtype-selective agonist, GW501516, by the Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarrays revealed that P...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tanaka T,Yamamoto J,Iwasaki S,Asaba H,Hamura H,Ikeda Y,Watanabe M,Magoori K,Ioka RX,Tachibana K,Watanabe Y,Uchiyama Y,Sumi K,Iguchi H,Ito S,Doi T,Hamakubo T,Naito M,Auwerx J,Yanagisawa M,Kodama T,Sakai J

更新日期：2003-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:CR1 is a short interspersed repetitive DNA element originally identified in the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus). However, unlike virtually all other such sequences described to date, CR1 is not confined to one or a few closely related species. It is probably a ubiquitous component of the avian genome, having been det...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen ZQ,Ritzel RG,Lin CC,Hodgetts RB

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of intraspecific and interspecific interactions in structuring biotic communities at fine spatial scales is well documented, but the signature of species interactions at coarser spatial scales is unclear. We present evidence that species interactions may be a significant factor in mediating the regional assem...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gotelli NJ,Graves GR,Rahbek C

更新日期：2010-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the serious limitations of tokamaks as reactors is the occurrence of disruptions. Stellarators designed by advanced computational methods provide an attractive alternative for a major experiment in magnetic fusion research. Configurations with approximate two-dimensional magnetic symmetry have been found with h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Garabedian PR

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphorylation-based signaling pathways employ dephosphorylation mechanisms for signal termination. Histidine to aspartate phosphosignaling in the two-component system that controls bacterial chemotaxis has been studied extensively. Rhodobacter sphaeroides has a complex chemosensory pathway with multiple homologues o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Porter SL,Roberts MA,Manning CS,Armitage JP

更新日期：2008-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The rapidly expanding network of roads into the Amazon is permanently altering the world's largest tropical forest. Most proposed road projects lack rigorous impact assessments or even basic economic justification. This study analyzes the expected environmental, social and economic impacts of 75 road projects, totalin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vilela T,Malky Harb A,Bruner A,Laísa da Silva Arruda V,Ribeiro V,Auxiliadora Costa Alencar A,Julissa Escobedo Grandez A,Rojas A,Laina A,Botero R

更新日期：2020-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:We have determined the complete primary structure of human hemopexin, a plasma beta-glycoprotein that specifically binds one heme with high affinity and transports it to hepatocytes for salvage of the iron. Human hemopexin (Mr approximately equal to 63,000) consists of a single polypeptide chain containing 439 amino a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Takahashi N,Takahashi Y,Putnam FW

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The emerging method of femtosecond crystallography (FX) may extend the diffraction resolution accessible from small radiation-sensitive crystals and provides a means to determine catalytically accurate structures of acutely radiation-sensitive metalloenzymes. Automated goniometer-based instrumentation developed for us...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cohen AE,Soltis SM,González A,Aguila L,Alonso-Mori R,Barnes CO,Baxter EL,Brehmer W,Brewster AS,Brunger AT,Calero G,Chang JF,Chollet M,Ehrensberger P,Eriksson TL,Feng Y,Hattne J,Hedman B,Hollenbeck M,Holton JM,Keab

更新日期：2014-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The nonreceptor tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 (PTPN11) has been implicated in tyrosine kinase, cytokine, and integrin receptor signaling. We show here that conditional mutation of Shp2 in neural crest cells and in myelinating Schwann cells resulted in deficits in glial development that are remarkably similar to those obse...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grossmann KS,Wende H,Paul FE,Cheret C,Garratt AN,Zurborg S,Feinberg K,Besser D,Schulz H,Peles E,Selbach M,Birchmeier W,Birchmeier C

更新日期：2009-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Migrations allow animals to track seasonal changes in resources, find mates, and avoid harsh climates, but these regular, long-distance movements also have implications for parasite dynamics and animal health. Migratory animals have been dubbed "superspreaders" of infection, but migration can also reduce parasite burd...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Peacock SJ,Krkošek M,Lewis MA,Molnár PK

更新日期：2020-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Residential location is thought to influence people's well-being, but different individuals may value residential areas differently. We examined how life satisfaction and personality traits are geographically distributed within the UK London metropolitan area, and how the strength of associations between personality t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jokela M,Bleidorn W,Lamb ME,Gosling SD,Rentfrow PJ

更新日期：2015-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Whether and how human populations exposed to the agricultural revolution are still affected by Darwinian selection remains controversial among social scientists, biologists, and the general public. Although methods of studying selection in natural populations are well established, our understanding of selection in hum...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Courtiol A,Pettay JE,Jokela M,Rotkirch A,Lummaa V

更新日期：2012-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse serosal mast cells (SMCs) and Kirsten sarcoma virus-immortalized mast cells store large amounts of mast cell carboxypeptidase A and serine proteases in their secretory granules. Secretory granule proteins from 2.6 x 10(6) purified SMCs were separated by NaDodSO4/PAGE, trans-blotted to poly(vinylidine difluoride)...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reynolds DS,Stevens RL,Lane WS,Carr MH,Austen KF,Serafin WE

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites are the defining neuropathological characteristics of Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. They are made of abnormal filamentous assemblies of unknown composition. We show here that Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites from Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies are stai...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Spillantini MG,Crowther RA,Jakes R,Hasegawa M,Goedert M

更新日期：1998-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to characterize blue light responses from chloroplasts of adaxial guard cells from Pima cotton (Gossypium barbadense) and coleoptile tips from corn (Zea mays). The chloroplast response to blue light was quantified by measurements of the blue light-induced enhancement of a red light-s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Quiñones MA,Lu Z,Zeiger E

更新日期：1996-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:A major involvement of IFNalpha in the etiopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus has been suggested by clinical observations, including the increase of serum levels of this cytokine in patients with active disease. Supporting this hypothesis, we have shown that expression of IFNalpha from a recombinant adenovir...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zagury D,Le Buanec H,Mathian A,Larcier P,Burnett R,Amoura Z,Emilie D,Peltre G,Bensussan A,Bizzini B,Gallo RC,Koutouzov S

更新日期：2009-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Mobilization of the T-cell response against cancer has the potential to achieve long-lasting cures. However, it is not known how to harness antigen-presenting cells optimally to achieve an effective antitumor T-cell response. In this study, we show that anti-CD47 antibody-mediated phagocytosis of cancer by macrophages...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tseng D,Volkmer JP,Willingham SB,Contreras-Trujillo H,Fathman JW,Fernhoff NB,Seita J,Inlay MA,Weiskopf K,Miyanishi M,Weissman IL

更新日期：2013-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have suggested that introgressed Neandertal DNA was subjected to negative selection in modern humans. A striking observation in support of this is an apparent monotonic decline in Neandertal ancestry observed in modern humans in Europe over the past 45,000 years. Here, we show that this decline is an a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Petr M,Pääbo S,Kelso J,Vernot B

更新日期：2019-01-29 00:00:00