Abstract：
:The turnover of acetylcholine (ACh) in rat brain synaptosomes and its compartmentation in the labile bound and stable bound pools were investigated. The P(2) fraction from rat brain was subjected to three sequential incubations, each terminated by centrifugation followed by determination of ACh concentrations by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS): (1) Depletion phase: Incubation of synaptosomes at 37 percent C for 10 min in Na+ -free buffer containing 35 mM-KCl reduced the content of both labile bound and stable bound ACh by 40%. (2) Synthesis phase: incubation at 37 percent C with 2 micrometer-[(2)H(4)]choline resulted in accumulation of labeled and unlabeled ACh in both compartments. Addition of an anticholinesterase had little effect on stable bound ACh but greatly increased the content of labile bound ACh. This excess accumulated ACh was probably due to inhibition of intracellular acetylcholinesterase (AChE), because negligible uptake of ACh from the medium was observed. The effects on ACh synthesis of altered cation concentrations and metabolic inhibitors were examined. (3) Release phase: The tissue was incubated in the presence of 35 mM-KCl, 40 micrometer-paraoxon, and 20 micrometer-hemicholinium-3 (HC-3) (to inhibit further synthesis of ACh). Measurements of the compartmental localization of ACh at several time points indicated that ACh was being released from the labile bound fraction. In support of this conclusion, 20 mM-Mg2+ reduced ACh release and increased the labile bound ACh concentration.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Jope RSdoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb00423.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-05-01 00:00:00pages
1712-21issue
5eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In this study, we examined the molecular and functional characterization of choline uptake into cultured rat cortical astrocytes. Choline uptake into astrocytes showed little dependence on extracellular Na+. Na+-independent choline uptake was saturable and mediated by a single transport system, with an apparent Michae...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03299.x
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rat and mouse CNS neurofilament proteins (NFPs) were characterized and compared, in terms of electrophoretic properties on polyacrylamide gels and by peptide mapping, with one another and with other co-purifying lower-molecular-weight CNS proteins, including alpha and beta tubulin. NFPs were partially purified by modi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb02389.x
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the extracellular levels of taurine and on excitability in the dentate gyrus were studied in anesthetized rats by the dialytrode technique. The dentate gyrus was perfused by means of a dialytrode with Krebs-Ringer-bicarbonate or GABA solutions. Amino acid contents in pe...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb12913.x
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heme oxygenase (HO) activity in tissue adjacent to an intracerebral hematoma may modulate cellular vulnerability to heme-mediated oxidative injury. Although HO-1 is induced after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the time course of this induction, its effect on tissue HO activity, and its association with o...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04885.x
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanical strain in neural tissues can lead to the up-regulation and release of multiple cytokines including interleukin 6 (IL-6). In the retina, the mechanosensitive release of ATP can autostimulate P2X7 receptors on both retinal ganglion cell neurons and optic nerve head astrocytes. Here, we asked whether the purin...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13998
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polyamine synthesis is induced by various extracellular signals, and it is widely held that this biochemical response participates in cell growth and differentiation. Certain of the triggers for synthesis in brain tissues also increase the breakdown of high-molecular-weight structural proteins, apparently by activatin...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb08273.x
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain edema in hepatic encephalopathy has been associated with circulating ammonia that is metabolized to glutamine. We measured alterations in blood chemistry and brain regional specific gravity and ion and amino acid contents in models of simple hyperammonemia and liver failure induced by daily administrations of am...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62010197.x
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metallothionein (MT) protein and mRNA levels were monitored following exposure of rat neonatal primary astrocyte cultures to methylmercury (MeHg). MT-I and MT-II mRNAs were probed on northern blots with an [alpha-32P]dCTP-labeled synthetic cDNA probe specific for rat MT mRNA. MT-I and MT-II mRNAs were detected in untr...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65041562.x
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interaction of endogenous and exogenous stimulators of innate immunity was examined in primary cultures of mouse microglial cells and macrophages after application of defined Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists [lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (TLR4), the synthetic lipopeptide Pam3Cys-Ser-Lys4 (Pam3Cys) (TLR2) and single-s...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03188.x
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We demonstrate that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) is toxic to chick peripheral sympathetic neurons maintained in culture in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF). When MPP+ was added to the culture medium at the time the neurons were plated, cell loss after 3 days in culture was evident at concentrations as l...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67020557.x
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although transient receptor potential (TRP) channels expressed in the spinal substantia gelatinosa play a role in modulating nociceptive transmission, their properties have not been fully examined yet. In order to address this issue, the effects of 1,8-cineole and its stereoisomer 1,4-cineole on excitatory transmissio...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13433
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have indicated that the brains of DBA/2J (D2) mice have a more heavily myelinated CNS than those of C57BL/6J (B6) at postnatal days 17-21. However, the amount of myelin in the brains of F1 (B6 X D2) hybrids is even higher than in their parental strains. To investigate further factors involved in regul...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb09995.x
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Beta-carbolines have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease as a result of their structural similarity to the neurotoxin N -methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). The chloral-derived beta-carboline derivative 1-trichloromethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline (TaClo) caus...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00875.x
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The N-type voltage-dependent calcium channels play a significant role in neurotransmitter release. The alpha1B subunit of the N-type calcium channel functions as the primary subunit that forms the pore and contains the structural motifs that mediate the pharmacological and gating properties of the channel. We report o...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.731718.x
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The protein kinases and protein phosphatases that act on tyrosine hydroxylase in vivo have not been established. Bovine adrenal chromaffin cells were permeabilized with digitonin and incubated with [gamma-32P]ATP, in the presence or absence of 10 microM Ca2+, 1 microM cyclic AMP, 1 microM phorbol dibutyrate, or variou...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69062387.x
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We recently demonstrated that the presenilin-dependent gamma-secretase complex regulates the expression and activity of neprilysin, one of the main enzymes that degrade the amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) which accumulates in Alzheimer's disease. Here, we examined the influence of endogenous nicastrin (NCT), a member of ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03822.x
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity (CGRP-LI) was measured in selected regions of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal cord of untreated rabbits and, following intrathecal injection of the serotonergic neurotoxin 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT), in the thoracolumbar cord in rats using a sheep ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08434.x
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study presents the initial characterization of transgenic mice with mutations in a primary zinc-binding residue (H80), either alone or with a G93A mutation. H80G;G93A superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) transgenic mice developed paralysis with motor neuron loss, and ubiquitin inclusion-type rather than mitochondrial va...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07360.x
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As a result of the identification, pharmacological characterization, and localization of the cannabinoid receptor in the CNS, the existence of an endogenous ligand for this receptor can be hypothesized. Following the premise that such a substance could have the properties of a neuromodulator being stored in intracellu...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09787.x
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The motor signs of Parkinson's disease have been partly attributed to an overinhibition of the external globus pallidus (GP) that results from hyperactivity of striatopallidal GABA/enkephalinergic neurons. The goals of this study were to measure basal levels of extracellular fluid GABA in the GP of normal cats, 1-meth...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01010.x
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Huntington's disease and six other neurodegenerative diseases are associated with abnormal gene products containing expanded polyglutamine (poly-Q; Qn) domains (n > or = 40). In the present work, we show that glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion proteins containing a small, physiological-length poly-Q domain (GSTQ10...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69010431.x
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microglia are brain macrophages, which can undergo multinucleation to give rise to multinucleated giant cells that accumulate with ageing and some brain pathologies. However, the origin, regulation and function of multinucleate microglia remain unclear. We found that inflammatory stimuli, including lipopolysaccharide,...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.12477
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Considerable evidence indicates that the amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide, a proteolytic fragment of the amyloid precursor protein, is the pathogenic agent in Alzheimer's disease (AD). A number of proteases have been reported as capable of degrading Abeta, among them: neprilysin, insulin-degrading enzyme, endothelin-conve...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04251.x
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and Schwann cell myelin protein (SMP) are highly glycosylated members of a newly defined family of cell adhesion molecules belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily that recognize terminal sialic acid residues on N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. The importance of the N-linked ol...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68041753.x
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have shown previously that phosphate groups on the amino-terminal head domain region of the middle molecular mass subunit of neurofilament proteins (NF-M) are added by second messenger-dependent protein kinases. Here, we have identified Ser23 as a specific protein kinase A phosphorylation site on the native NF-M su...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0720491.x
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl2)/cancer Osaka thyroid kinase is a newer member of MAP3K family that is now known for its essential role in tumor necrosis factor-aplha (TNFα) expression in macrophages, but its pro-inflammatory signaling, if any, in glia is unknown. When cultures of murine microglia and astrocytes were ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.12522
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retinal ganglion cells transmit the visual signal from the retina to the brain. We have previously shown that the activator protein 2 (AP-2)δ (TFAP2D) transcription factor is expressed in one third of ganglion cells in developing retina suggesting a specialized role for these AP-2δ-expressing cells. Here, we address t...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.12521
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:35SO4-labeled fast-transported proteins of bullfrog dorsal root ganglion neurons were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and their mobilities were compared to similar species labeled with [3H]mannose or [3H]fucose. Fluorography revealed regions of poorly resolved, high molecular weight material, likely ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb09055.x
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transient and time-dependent modulations of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) polysialylation in the dentate gyrus of the rodent hippocampus are a feature of spatial and nonspatial forms of learning. In the hippocampal formation, polysialic acid immunoreactivity was localized to granule-like cells and their mossy f...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68062538.x
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last two decades, a number of studies have underlined the importance of lysosomal-based degradative pathways in maintaining the homeostasis of post-mitotic cells, and revealed the remarkable contribution of a functional autophagic machinery in the promotion of longevity. In contrast, defects in the clearance ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/jnc.14908
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
