Abstract：
:Brain edema in hepatic encephalopathy has been associated with circulating ammonia that is metabolized to glutamine. We measured alterations in blood chemistry and brain regional specific gravity and ion and amino acid contents in models of simple hyperammonemia and liver failure induced by daily administrations of ammonium acetate (AAc) or thioacetamide (TAA), respectively. Serum and brain ammonia increased to similar levels (200 and 170% of control, respectively) in both experimental groups. Serum transaminase activities increased 10-fold in animals injected with TAA but were unchanged in animals given AAc injections. In both experimental groups glutamine was elevated in cerebral white matter, cerebral gray matter, and basal ganglia, whereas brain tissue specific gravity decreased in all brain regions, indicating edema formation. In the AAc group, we observed a decrease in glutamate and taurine contents concomitant with the development of brain edema. In these animals, cerebral gray matter specific gravity and taurine contents returned to control levels 24 h after the third AAc injection. TAA-injected animals demonstrated similar decreases in brain tissue specific gravity, whereas glutamine, glutamate, and taurine contents were all elevated. During hepatic encephalopathy, ammonia-induced changes in brain amino acid content may contribute to brain edema development.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Hilgier W,Olson JEdoi
10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62010197.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-01-01 00:00:00pages
197-204issue
1eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The in vivo biosynthesis of cholecystokinin (CCK) in subcortical regions of the rat brain was studied by intracisternal pulse injections of [35S]methionine. The rats were killed 1.0 or 1.5 h after the injection. Subcortical CCK extracted in boiling water and acetic acid was immunoabsorbed by an antiserum specific for ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb06290.x
更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have highlighted the role of mitochondria in dendritic protrusion growth and plasticity. However, the detailed mechanisms that mitochondria regulate dendritic filopodia morphogenesis remain elusive. Cyclophilin D (CypD, gene name: Ppif) controls the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore....
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.14484
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate regulation of D2 receptor (D2R) gene expression by protein kinases, we evaluated effects of constitutively active MAPK kinase kinase (MEKK), Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) II, CaMKIV and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) on D2R promoter activity using luciferase reporter gene as...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01180.x
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interaction of endogenous and exogenous stimulators of innate immunity was examined in primary cultures of mouse microglial cells and macrophages after application of defined Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists [lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (TLR4), the synthetic lipopeptide Pam3Cys-Ser-Lys4 (Pam3Cys) (TLR2) and single-s...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03188.x
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The origin of afferent somatostatin-containing fibers terminating in medial and ventral parts of the striatum has been investigated by performing various neurochemical and surgical lesions in the rat. Lesions of the anterior hypothalamus, amygdala, and the hippocampal commissure as well as lesions with 6-hydroxydopami...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb05748.x
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The NMDA receptor/channel has been shown to be inhibited by ethanol in the clinically relevant range 25-100 mM. We studied heteromeric assemblies (NR1b/NR2) of the NMDA receptor, expressed in oocytes, to address three questions regarding this inhibition, and discovered the following: (1) The inhibition was nearly equi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65010140.x
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of quisqualate, an excitatory amino acid agonist, on the breakdown of exogenously added phosphatidylinositol was investigated in a membrane preparation from the cerebellum of young rats. Quisqualate stimulated phospholipase C activity in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriph...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09776.x
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is increasing evidence that a number of cytokines and their receptors are involved in the processes that lead to the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain states. Here we demonstrate that levels of CX3CR1 (the receptor for the chemokine fractalkine) mRNA in lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG) increase 5.8...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05419.x
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Considerable evidence indicates that the amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide, a proteolytic fragment of the amyloid precursor protein, is the pathogenic agent in Alzheimer's disease (AD). A number of proteases have been reported as capable of degrading Abeta, among them: neprilysin, insulin-degrading enzyme, endothelin-conve...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04251.x
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cultures of myelinated SJL/J fetal mouse spinal cord were incubated with serum and lymphoid cells from syngeneic animals with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by syngeneic spinal cord homogenate (SSCH) in complete Freund's adjuvant or others injected with complete Freund's adjuvant alone. After 24...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb05462.x
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphorylation of G protein-coupled receptors is considered an important step during their desensitization. In SK-N-BE cells, recently presented as a pertinent model for the studies of the human delta-opioid receptor, pretreatment with the opioid agonist etorphine increased time-dependently the rate of phosphorylatio...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70052129.x
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neurotoxic properties of the dietary excitotoxins beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine and beta-N-oxalylamino-L-alanine have been studied in rat cerebellar granule cells and compared with those of glutamate. Glutamate caused dose-dependent death of cerebellar granule cells after a 30-min exposure when viability was assess...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69041508.x
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presynaptic terminals of skate (Raja montagui) electric organ were tested for their sensitivity to calcium channel antagonists. Acetylcholine (ACh) release and the elevation of intraterminal Ca2+ concentrations triggered by K+ depolarisation were studied. ACh release was measured as 3H efflux from slices of organ ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64020944.x
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracranial microdialysis was used to investigate the origin of extracellular gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the ventral pallidum. Changes in basal GABA levels in response to membrane depolarizers, ion-channel blockers, and receptor agonists were determined. Antagonism of Ca2+ fluxes with high Mg2+ in a Ca(2+)-fre...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb10979.x
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence based on the ability to accumulate [3H]noradrenaline by a mechanism sensitive to desmethylimipramine suggests that there is a period of hyperinnervation of the cerebellum by noradrenergic fibres around the beginning of the second postnatal week. Different developmental profiles for specific noradrenaline upta...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb12525.x
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acetylcholine and choline release from rat brain synaptosomes have been measured using a chemiluminescent technique under a variety of conditions set up to mimic anoxic insult, including conditions of low pH (6.2) and the presence of lactate plus pyruvate as substrate. Lactate plus pyruvate as substrate consistently g...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb05658.x
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proteins that control the excitability of neurons, including voltage-dependent ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors, reside in a membrane lipid environment that includes sphingomyelin, but the influence of the metabolism of this lipid on excitability is unknown. Sphingomyelin in the plasma membrane can be cleav...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06779.x
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myelination, during both normal development and with respect to disorders of myelination, is commonly studied by morphological and/or biochemical techniques that assay as their end-points the extent of myelination. The rate of myelination is potentially a more useful parameter, but it is difficult and time-consuming t...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00015.x
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quinolinic acid is an excitatory, neurotoxic tryptophan metabolite proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy. This involvement was investigated in rat and rabbit models of fulminant hepatic failure at different stages of hepatic encephalopathy. Although plasma and brain tryptophan levels we...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64062607.x
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nociception evoked prostaglandin (PG) release in the spinal cord considerably contributes to the induction of hyperalgesia and allodynia. To evaluate the relative contribution of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2 in this process we assessed the effects of the selective COX-1 inhibitor SC560 and the selective COX-2 in...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00613.x
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High-affinity binding sites for [3H]PK 11195 and [3H]Ro 5-4864 with the properties of the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor were detected in primary cultures of both mouse neocortical and cerebellar astrocytes. The binding sites were enriched in mitochondrial fractions on differential centrifugation. An 18-kDa p...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62020673.x
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein biosynthesis in the retina and fast axonal transport along the optic pathway were studied in rabbits in which diabetes had been experimentally induced. Retinal protein biosynthesis and axonal transport were significantly reduced in the diabetic rabbits, and the reduction was correlated to the severity of the d...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb05316.x
更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rho-kinase and myosin phosphatase are implicated in the phosphorylation-state of myosin light chain downstream of Rho, which is thought to induce smooth muscle contraction and stress fibre formation in non-muscle cells. Here, we found that microtubule-associated proteins, Tau and MAP2, interacted with the myosin-bindi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02054.x
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biomarkers in CSF can offer improved diagnostic accuracy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present study investigated whether the glycoprotein and putative tumor suppressor Dickkopf homolog 3 (Dkk-3) is secreted into CSF and evaluated its applicability as a diagnostic marker for AD. Using our highly specific immunoenz...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06158.x
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myelin P2 protein is a small (14,800 Da) protein found in peripheral and central nervous system myelin. To investigate the regulation of expression of this myelin protein, a mouse genomic library was screened with a rabbit P2 cDNA (pSN2.2-2), and a single positive phage clone containing a 20-kb insert was obtained. Th...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb02101.x
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A naturally occurring point mutation (R231H) within one of the major 3gamma-binding surface (switch II region) on the a subunit of Gs (alpha(s)) has previously been found to disrupt receptor-mediated activation of Gs. The disruption caused by mutating this conserved residue may be a general phenomenon for all a subuni...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurotensin modulates dopaminergic transmission in the nigrostriatal system. DARPP-32, a dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of Mr 32 kDa, is phosphorylated on Thr34 by cAMP-dependent protein kinase, resulting in its conversion into a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1 (PP 1). Here, we examined the effe...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00822.x
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Functional activation of NMDA receptors requires co-activation of glutamate- and glycine-binding sites. D-serine is considered to be an endogenous ligand for the glycine site of NMDA receptors. Using a combination of a rat formalin-induced conditioned place avoidance (F-CPA) behavioral model and whole-cell patch-clamp...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03677.x
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hibernation is a seasonal phenomenon characterized by a drop in metabolic rate and body temperature. Adenosine A1 receptor agonists promote hibernation in different mammalian species, and the understanding of the mechanism inducing hibernation will inform clinical strategies to manipulate metabolic demand that are fun...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.14814
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Integrin-mediated interactions of cells with components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) regulate cell survival, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell migration through activation of multiple intracellular signal transduction pathways. In this study, we have demonstrated that integrin-matrix interactions ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00064.x
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
