Abstract:
:The addition of insulin to a mixture of plasma membrane and mitochondrial fractions from rat adipocytes results in a decrease in the phosphorylation of a mitochondrial protein identified as the alpha subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase [pyruvate:lipoamide oxidoreductase (decarboxylating and acceptor-acetylating), EC 1.2.4.1] (Seals, J. R., McDonald, J. M. & Jarett, L. (1979) J. Biol. Chem. 254, 6991-6996). This study confirms the prediction that a corresponding increase in pyruvate dehydrogenase activity can be effected by insulin treatment of this preparation. Incubation of the plasma membrane/mitochondria mixture with ATP inhibited pyruvate dehydrogenase activity as measured in a subsequent enzyme assay. The presence of insulin during this incubation with ATP resulted in a 24.5% stimulation of enzyme activity compared to incubation without insulin (n = 9, P < 0.001). The effect was specific for biologically active insulin and was insulin dose-dependent in the physiological range of insulin. Supermaximal doses of insulin produced reduced effects. An insulin effect of similar magnitude could also be observed when the plasma membrane/mitochondria mixture was incubated without ATP. Two insulin mimickers, concanavalin A and antibody to insulin receptor, stimulated pyruvate dehydrogenase by 30.4% (n = 6, P <0.001) and 28.1% (n = 8, P<0.001), respectively. Both of these agents also produced reduced effects at supermaximal concentrations. The effects of all three agents required plasma membranes and could not be produced by treatment of mitochondria alone. The results suggest that a mechanism common to all three agents is responsible for transmitting the stimulation from the plasma membrane to the mitochondrial components of the mixture.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Seals JR,Jarett Ldoi
10.1073/pnas.77.1.77subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-01-01 00:00:00pages
77-81issue
1eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
77pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The introduction of foreign genes into early mouse embryos and embryonic stem (ES) cells is invaluable for the analysis of gene function and regulation in the living animal. The use of vectors derived from retroviruses as gene transfer vehicles in this setting has had limited success because of silencing of transgene ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.251682798
更新日期:2002-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Aberrant promoter hypermethylation is frequently observed in cancer. The potential for this mechanism to contribute to tumor development depends on whether the genes affected are repressed because of their methylation. Many aberrantly methylated genes play important roles in development and are bivalently marked in ES...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1013224108
更新日期:2011-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Virus-specific or group-specific antibody probes to potyviruses can be produced by targeting the immune response to the virus-specific, N-terminal region of the capsid protein (29-95 amino acids depending on the virus) or to the conserved core region (216 amino acids) of the capsid protein, respectively. Immunochemica...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.21.8192
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Archaeochemistry as the application of the most recent analytical techniques to ancient samples now provides an unprecedented understanding of human culture throughout history. In this paper, we report on a multiplatform analytical investigation of 170-y-old champagne bottles found in a shipwreck at the bottom of the ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1500783112
更新日期:2015-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::Rabbit corneas denuded of their endothelium were coated with bovine corneal endothelial cells (from steers) previously maintained in tissue culture for short (20 generations) or prolonged (200 generations) periods. When grafted back into female rabbits, the corneal buttons remained clear and showed no edema. In contra...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.1.464
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gamma-band synchronization adjusts the timing of excitatory and inhibitory inputs to a neuron. Neurons in the visual cortex are selective for stimulus orientation because of dynamic interactions between excitatory and inhibitory inputs. We hypothesized that these interactions and hence also orientation selectivity var...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1114223109
更新日期:2012-03-13 00:00:00
abstract::A form of autosomal dominant juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is caused by a nonconservative missense mutation, A322D, in the GABAA receptor alpha1 subunit M3 transmembrane helix. We reported previously that the A322D mutation reduced total and surface alpha1(A322D) subunit protein and that residual alpha1(A322D) subunit r...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0700163104
更新日期:2007-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::The results of electron-nuclear double resonance and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies on the hydrogen peroxide compound of yeast cytochrome c peroxidase are inconsistent with previous proposals for the source of the EPR signal in this compound, in particular with its identification with an aromatic amino ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.12.6132
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Huntington's disease (HD), mutation of huntingtin causes selective neurodegeneration of dopaminoceptive striatal medium spiny neurons. Transgenic HD model mice that express a portion of the disease-causing form of human huntingtin develop a behavioral phenotype that suggests dysfunction of dopaminergic neurotransmi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.120166397
更新日期:2000-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::The Ipl (Tssc3) gene lies in an extended imprinted region of distal mouse chromosome 7, which also contains the Igf2 gene. Expression of Ipl is highest in placenta and yolk sac, where its mRNA is derived almost entirely from the maternal allele. Ipl encodes a small cytoplasmic protein with a pleckstrin-homology (PH) d...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.122039999
更新日期:2002-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have implicated local inflammation and activation of complement amongst the processes involved in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Several lines of investigation also indicate that bis-retinoid pigments, such as A2E, that accumulate as lipofuscin in retinal pigment epithelial ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0604255103
更新日期:2006-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::We measured the ortho-para conversion rate in solid hydrogen by using Raman scattering in a diamond-anvil cell, extending previous measurements by a factor of 60 in pressure. We confirm previous experiments that suggested a decrease in the conversion rate above about 0.5 GPa. We observe a distinct minimum at 3 GPa fol...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.22.12269
更新日期:1999-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::We have found a soluble cyclase, using for assay radioactively marked ATP as precursor. The reaction product was isolated by thin-layer chromatography and identified by specific degradation. After homogenization, part of the activity remained in the particulate fraction but could be easily extracted. The cyclase was c...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.63.1.86
更新日期:1969-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::N6-methyladenosine (m6A) represents one of the most common RNA modifications in eukaryotes. Specific m6A writer, eraser, and reader proteins have been identified. As an m6A eraser, ALKBH5 specifically removes m6A from target mRNAs and inactivation of Alkbh5 leads to male infertility in mice. However, the underlying mo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1717794115
更新日期:2018-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Mobile ectothermic animals can control their body temperatures by selecting specific thermal conditions in the environment, but embryos--trapped within an immobile egg and lacking locomotor structures--have been assumed to lack that ability. Falsifying that assumption, our experimental studies show that even early sta...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1102965108
更新日期:2011-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclic nucleotide metabolism was investigated in growing kidneys of rats during compensatory hypertrophy and during neonatal development. After unilateral nephrectomy a mild and short-lasting decrease in cyclic 3':5" adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was observed in the hypertrophying kidney. In contrast, cyclic 3':5' gu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.2.524
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Xenotropic and polytropic murine leukemia viruses (X-MLVs and P-MLVs) cross-interfere to various extents in non-mouse species and in wild Asian mice, suggesting that they might use a common receptor for infection. Consistent with this hypothesis, the susceptibility of some wild mice to X-MLVs has been mapped to the P-...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.3.927
更新日期:1999-02-02 00:00:00
abstract::The mitogen-activated kinase activating death domain protein (MADD) that is differentially expressed in neoplastic vs. normal cells (DENN) was identified as a substrate for c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3, the first demonstration of such an activity for this stress-activated kinase that is predominantly expressed in the bra...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.5.2586
更新日期:1998-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::Substantial proportions of mammalian genomes comprise repetitive elements including endogenous retrotransposons. Although these play diverse roles during development, their appropriate silencing is critically important in maintaining genomic integrity in the host cells. The major mechanism for retrotransposon silencin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1512775112
更新日期:2015-11-24 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.10.3456
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The formation of viable genetic chimeras in mammals through the transfer of cells between siblings in utero is rare. Using microsatellite DNA markers, we show here that chimerism in marmoset (Callithrix kuhlii) twins is not limited to blood-derived hematopoietic tissues as was previously described. All somatic tissue ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0607426104
更新日期:2007-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Inelastic electron tunneling spectra of nucleosides and nucleotides are presented which show that detailed information on the vibrational spectra of these molecules can be obtained from a few micrograms of material. A series of studies on adenine derivatives demonstrates that unambiguous identification of a large numb...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.5.1598
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Miocene is characterized by a series of key climatic events that led to the founding of the late Cenozoic icehouse mode and the dawn of modern biota. The processes that caused these developments, and particularly the role of atmospheric CO2 as a forcing factor, are poorly understood. Here we present a CO2 record b...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0708588105
更新日期:2008-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian cells typically contain thousands of copies of mitochondrial DNA assembled into hundreds of nucleoids. Here we analyzed the dynamic features of nucleoids in terms of mitochondrial membrane dynamics involving balanced fusion and fission. In mitochondrial fission GTPase dynamin-related protein (Drp1)-deficient...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1301951110
更新日期:2013-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::The plant photoreceptor phytochrome plays an important role in the nucleus as a regulator of transcription. Numerous studies imply, however, that phytochromes in both higher and lower plants mediate physiological reactions within the cytoplasm. In particular, the tip cells of moss protonemal filaments use phytochrome ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0403140101
更新日期:2004-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::Intergroup conflict persists when and because individuals make costly contributions to their group's fighting capacity, but how groups organize contributions into effective collective action remains poorly understood. Here we distinguish between contributions aimed at subordinating out-groups (out-group aggression) fr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1605115113
更新日期:2016-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Most aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases contain polypeptide chains of about either 50,000 or 100,000 daltons. Peptide mapping of tryptic, chymotryptic, or Staphylococcus aureus acid protease digests of seryl-tRNA synthetase (100,000, dimer) and leucyl-tRNA synthetase (100,000, monomer) from E. coli was done after selective mo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.2.376
更新日期:1974-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We image macroscopic transient pores in mechanically stretched giant vesicles. Holes open above a critical radius r(c1), grow up to a radius r(c2), and close. We interpret the upper limit r(c2) by a relaxation of the membrane tension as the holes expand. The closing of the holes is caused by a further relaxation of th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.19.10591
更新日期:1999-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::The cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) has been shown to play an important role in long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus, but little is known about the function of PKA in long-term depression (LTD). We have combined pharmacologic and genetic approaches to demonstrate that PKA activity is required for both h...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.19.8851
更新日期:1995-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::Digital droplet assays-in which biological samples are compartmentalized into millions of femtoliter-volume droplets and interrogated individually-have generated enormous enthusiasm for their ability to detect biomarkers with single-molecule sensitivity. These assays have untapped potential for point-of-care diagnosti...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1814110116
更新日期:2019-03-05 00:00:00