Cytotoxic T lymphocyte recognition of transfected cells expressing a cloned retroviral gene.

abstract：:Several functionally important genetic elements (such as the TATA box, mRNA splice sequences, poly(A) addition signal) were first detected as short segments of unexplained sequence homology within non-coding regions of different genes. A short region of unknown sequence in the intron between the human J kappa and C ka...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Emorine L,Kuehl M,Weir L,Leder P,Max EE

更新日期：1983-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The alpha beta T-cell receptors (TCRs) react with complex ligands composed of peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. In the absence of foreign antigens the peptides bound to MHC molecules come from the proteins of the host itself. Interactions between TCRs and these self-peptide-MHC ligands...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kozono H,White J,Clements J,Marrack P,Kappler J

更新日期：1994-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Clonal deletion in the thymus plays a major part in T-cell tolerance to self antigens. But the mechanism of negative selection, its fine specificity and the threshold of affinity and avidity remains unknown. We have now examined these aspects of negative selection with mice expressing a transgenic T-cell receptor with...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pircher H,Rohrer UH,Moskophidis D,Zinkernagel RM,Hengartner H

更新日期：1991-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Analysis of the genes that control the early events of Drosophila embryogenesis is providing details of the molecular processes underlying the positional specification of cells. There are two distinct phases: the first precedes the cellularization of the blastoderm embryo and is associated with a cascade of interactio...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ingham PW

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleosome subunit of chromatin consists of DNA folded around a histone core as a 1.8-turn left-handed solenoid. The crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle revealed that it has a dyad symmetry axis and that the minor helix groove faces outwards from the protein core. Richmond et al. noticed that the pat...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hogan ME,Rooney TF,Austin RH

更新日期：1987-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Vertebrate erythroid cells contain a tissue-specific transcription factor referred to as Eryf 1 (ref. 1), GF-1 (ref. 2) or NF-E1 (ref. 3), for which binding sites are widely distributed in the promoters and enhancers of the globin gene family, and of other erythroid-specific genes. Aberrant binding of the human factor...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Trainor CD,Evans T,Felsenfeld G,Boguski MS

更新日期：1990-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural composite materials are renowned for their mechanical strength and toughness: despite being highly mineralized, with the organic component constituting not more than a few per cent of the composite material, the fracture toughness exceeds that of single crystals of the pure mineral by two to three orders of ma...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kamat S,Su X,Ballarini R,Heuer AH

更新日期：2000-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Distrust in scientific expertise1-14 is dangerous. Opposition to vaccination with a future vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the causal agent of COVID-19, for example, could amplify outbreaks2-4, as happened for measles in 20195,6. Homemade remedies7,8 and falsehoods are being shared widely on the Internet, as well as dismi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Johnson NF,Velásquez N,Restrepo NJ,Leahy R,Gabriel N,El Oud S,Zheng M,Manrique P,Wuchty S,Lupu Y

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mec-2 gene is required for the function of a set of six touch receptor neurons in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans; mec-2 mutants, which are touch-insensitive, have touch cells that appear morphologically normal. Gene interaction studies suggest that mec-2 positively regulates the activity of the putative mecha...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Huang M,Gu G,Ferguson EL,Chalfie M

更新日期：1995-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Transparent electronic devices formed on flexible substrates are expected to meet emerging technological demands where silicon-based electronics cannot provide a solution. Examples of active flexible applications include paper displays and wearable computers. So far, mainly flexible devices based on hydrogenated amorp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nomura K,Ohta H,Takagi A,Kamiya T,Hirano M,Hosono H

更新日期：2004-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous studies have suggested that biodiversity reduces variability in ecosystem productivity through compensatory effects; that is, a species increases in its abundance in response to the reduction of another in a fluctuating environment. But this view has been challenged on several grounds. Because most studies ha...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bai Y,Han X,Wu J,Chen Z,Li L

更新日期：2004-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Large-conductance Ca(2+)-gated K(+) (BK) channels are essential for many biological processes such as smooth muscle contraction and neurotransmitter release. This group of channels can be activated synergistically by both voltage and intracellular Ca(2+), with the large carboxy-terminal intracellular portion being res...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wu Y,Yang Y,Ye S,Jiang Y

更新日期：2010-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In the prehistoric green Sahara of Holocene North Africa-in contrast to the Neolithic of Europe and Eurasia-a reliance on cattle, sheep and goats emerged as a stable and widespread way of life, long before the first evidence for domesticated plants or settled village farming communities. The remarkable rock art found ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dunne J,Evershed RP,Salque M,Cramp L,Bruni S,Ryan K,Biagetti S,di Lernia S

更新日期：2012-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The hippocampus is critical to declarative memory in humans. This kind of memory involves associations among items or events that can be accessed flexibly to guide memory expression in various and even new situations. In animals, there has been controversy about whether the hippocampus is specialized for spatial memor...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bunsey M,Eichenbaum H

更新日期：1996-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Fermi-liquid theory (the standard model of metals) has been challenged by the discovery of anomalous properties in an increasingly large number of metals. The anomalies often occur near a quantum critical point--a continuous phase transition in the limit of absolute zero, typically between magnetically ordered and par...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Doiron-Leyraud N,Walker IR,Taillefer L,Steiner MJ,Julian SR,Lonzarich GG

更新日期：2003-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:A long-sought goal in structural biology has been the imaging of membrane proteins in their membrane environments. This goal has been achieved with electron crystallography in those special cases where a protein forms highly ordered arrays in lipid bilayers. It has also been achieved by NMR methods in proteins up to 5...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wang L,Sigworth FJ

更新日期：2009-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons in the visual cortex typically respond selectively to the orientation, and velocity and direction of movement, of moving-bar stimuli. These responses are generally thought to provide information about the orientation and position of lines and edges in the visual field. Some cells are also endstopped, that is s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dobbins A,Zucker SW,Cynader MS

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Perfusion chromatography is a technique based on fluid dynamics for reducing stagnant mobile phase mass transfer in liquid chromatography. This is achieved by using supports with large pores that allow mobile phase to flow through particles. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Regnier FE

更新日期：1991-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Ecological and societal disruptions by modern climate change are critically determined by the time frame over which climates shift beyond historical analogues. Here we present a new index of the year when the projected mean climate of a given location moves to a state continuously outside the bounds of historical vari...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mora C,Frazier AG,Longman RJ,Dacks RS,Walton MM,Tong EJ,Sanchez JJ,Kaiser LR,Stender YO,Anderson JM,Ambrosino CM,Fernandez-Silva I,Giuseffi LM,Giambelluca TW

更新日期：2013-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Small synthetic molecules called growth-hormone secretagogues (GHSs) stimulate the release of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary. They act through GHS-R, a G-protein-coupled receptor for which the ligand is unknown. Recent cloning of GHS-R strongly suggests that an endogenous ligand for the receptor does exist and...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kojima M,Hosoda H,Date Y,Nakazato M,Matsuo H,Kangawa K

更新日期：1999-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:An important step towards understanding the molecular basis of the functional diversity of voltage-gated K+ channels in the mammalian brain has been the discovery of a family of genes encoding rat brain K+ channel-forming (RCK) proteins. All species of these RCK proteins form homomultimeric voltage-gated K+ channels w...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ruppersberg JP,Schröter KH,Sakmann B,Stocker M,Sewing S,Pongs O

更新日期：1990-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:How long does it take a random walker to reach a given target point? This quantity, known as a first-passage time (FPT), has led to a growing number of theoretical investigations over the past decade. The importance of FPTs originates from the crucial role played by first encounter properties in various real situation...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Condamin S,Bénichou O,Tejedor V,Voituriez R,Klafter J

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons in the brain behave as nonlinear oscillators, which develop rhythmic activity and interact to process information. Taking inspiration from this behaviour to realize high-density, low-power neuromorphic computing will require very large numbers of nanoscale nonlinear oscillators. A simple estimation indicates t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Torrejon J,Riou M,Araujo FA,Tsunegi S,Khalsa G,Querlioz D,Bortolotti P,Cros V,Yakushiji K,Fukushima A,Kubota H,Yuasa S,Stiles MD,Grollier J

更新日期：2017-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:High biodiversity has been shown to enhance ecological stability on small spatial scales and over intervals of weeks to decades. It remains unclear, however, whether this diversity-stability relationship can be scaled up to regional scales, or to longer timescales. Without empirical validation at larger scales, the im...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kiessling W

更新日期：2005-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell and lipid membranes are able to bend, as manifested during membrane fusion and the formation of non-lamellar lyotropic mesophases in water. But there is an energy cost to bending of lipid layers, called the curvature elastic energy. Although the functional form of this energy is known, a complete quantitative kno...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chung H,Caffrey M

更新日期：1994-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) has integral roles in a variety of biological processes, including development, diabetes, and the progression of Alzheimer's disease. As such, a thorough understanding of GSK-3beta function will have a broad impact on human biology and therapeutics. Because GSK-3beta interact...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liu KJ,Arron JR,Stankunas K,Crabtree GR,Longaker MT

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intraplate magmatic provinces found away from plate boundaries provide direct sampling of the composition and heterogeneity of the Earth's mantle. The chemical heterogeneities that have been observed in the mantle are usually attributed to recycling during subduction1-3, which allows for the addition of volatiles and ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mazza SE,Gazel E,Bizimis M,Moucha R,Béguelin P,Johnson EA,McAleer RJ,Sobolev AV

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has used the latest sequencing and analysis methods to identify somatic variants across thousands of tumours. Here we present data and analytical results for point mutations and small insertions/deletions from 3,281 tumours across 12 tumour types as part of the TCGA Pan-Cancer effort. We...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kandoth C,McLellan MD,Vandin F,Ye K,Niu B,Lu C,Xie M,Zhang Q,McMichael JF,Wyczalkowski MA,Leiserson MDM,Miller CA,Welch JS,Walter MJ,Wendl MC,Ley TJ,Wilson RK,Raphael BJ,Ding L

更新日期：2013-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The germ-cell lineage ensures the continuity of life through the generation of male and female gametes, which unite to form a totipotent zygote. We have previously demonstrated that, by using cytokines, embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells can be induced into epiblast-like cells (EpiLCs) and then in...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nakaki F,Hayashi K,Ohta H,Kurimoto K,Yabuta Y,Saitou M

更新日期：2013-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The Amazon rainforest plays a crucial role in the climate system, helping to drive atmospheric circulations in the tropics by absorbing energy and recycling about half of the rainfall that falls on it. This region (Amazonia) is also estimated to contain about one-tenth of the total carbon stored in land ecosystems, an...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cox PM,Harris PP,Huntingford C,Betts RA,Collins M,Jones CD,Jupp TE,Marengo JA,Nobre CA

更新日期：2008-05-08 00:00:00