Abstract：
:We previously showed that immunization of guinea pigs with reductively glucosylated guinea pig low density lipoprotein (LDL) or albumin resulted in the formation of antibodies specific for the glucosylated protein. The present studies were done to determine if modifications of homologous LDL or albumin, other than addition of carbohydrate, would also render these proteins immunogenic. We found that derivatization of lysine residues of guinea pig LDL or albumin by carbamylation, acetylation, ethylation, or even methylation rendered them immunogenic in guinea pigs. In addition, the specificity of the antibodies was strikingly influenced by whether modified homologous LDL or modified homologous albumin was used as the immunogen. Antibodies generated against modified LDL were directed almost exclusively against the derivatized lysine residues (i.e., carbamyllysine, acetyllysine, or methyllysine) and hence reacted equivalently with other modified proteins that contained the same lysine derivative. However, antibodies generated against guinea pig albumin (or fibrinogen) modified in the same ways reacted primarily with the modified protein used as immunogen, and not with the free lysine derivative, or with other similarly modified proteins. Each of the modifications referred to above could potentially occur in vivo. Therefore, the findings presented may be relevant to autoantibody formation and immunopathogenetic mechanisms in certain diseases.
journal_name
J Lipid Resjournal_title
Journal of lipid researchauthors
Steinbrecher UP,Fisher M,Witztum JL,Curtiss LKsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-10-01 00:00:00pages
1109-16issue
10eissn
0022-2275issn
1539-7262journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that regulatory T cells (T(reg)) are involved in the immunomodulatory effects of statins on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The 12-week study cohort consisted of 55 RA patients and 42 control subjects allocated to either a group treated with atorvastatin (AT) (20 mg/da...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1194/jlr.M010876
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previously, we have shown that lipid-free apoA-I, when incubated with fibroblasts, will produce lipoproteins of pre-alpha mobility (Asztalos, B. F., et al. 1997. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 17: 1630-1636). In order to understand the nature of these pre-alpha particles, we further characterized their lipid conten...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:none. ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.E046334
更新日期：2013-12-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholesterol exists within the hepatocyte as free cholesterol and cholesteryl ester. The proportion of intrahepatic cholesterol in the free or ester forms is governed in part by the rate of cholesteryl ester formation by acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) and cholesteryl ester hydrolysis by neutral chol...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatic steatosis is one of the most common liver disorders in the general population. The main cause of hepatic steatosis is nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), representing the hepatic component of the metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by type 2 diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia. Insulin resistance ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1194/jlr.R008896
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sphingolipids are ubiquitous components of eukaryotic cells that regulate various cellular functions. In many cell types, a fraction of sphingolipids contain 2-hydroxy fatty acids, produced by fatty acid 2-hydroxylase (FA2H), as the N-acyl chain of ceramide [hydroxyl fatty acid (hFA)-sphingolipids]. FA2H is highly exp...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M800666-JLR200
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies were carried out to determine whether apolipoprotein (apo) A-II, like apoA-I, can recruit phospholipid and cholesterol from cell membranes, thereby forming nascent apoA-II-specific HDL. ApoA-II and apoA-I were purified from plasma and each was incubated with CHO cells at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml. Li...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The composition of the emulsified oil and of the micellar phases obtained when a glyceride-fatty acid mixture is dispersed in bile salt solution has been defined. The micellar phase in equilibrium with the emulsified oil phase was obtained by filtration through Millipore filters. The behavior of different lipids in su...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1967-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method is described for determining the long-chain base content of glycosphingolipids after acid hydrolysis, using the new reagent fluorescamine. The reaction is sensitive and can be used to characterize or measure glycosphingolipids in quantities routinely separated by thin-layer chromatography. ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1974-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The direct non-endocytotic uptake of cholesteryl esters (CE) from high density lipoprotein (HDL) plays a major role in HDL CE metabolism in rats and rabbits. In vitro evidence indicates it may also play such a role in humans. However, a study in mice (tracing the CE and apoA-I moieties of HDL) concluded that, while se...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polymorphic transformations in two saturated-unsaturated mixed acid triacylglycerols, SOS (sn -1,3-distearoyl-2-oleoylglycerol) and OSO (sn -1,3-dioleoyl-2-stearoylglycerol), have been studied by FT-IR spectroscopy using deuterated specimens in which stearoyl chains are fully deuterated. A reversible phase transition ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the cellular synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids, mainly oleate (18:1) and palmitoleate (16:1), which are the major monounsaturated fatty acids of membrane phospholipids, cholesteryl esters, waxes, and triglycerides. The mouse expresses three well-...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.m100433-jlr200
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A gas-liquid chromatography-flame ionization detection method is described for measuring plasma levels of eicosatetraynoic acid using eicosatriynoic acid as an internal standard. The technique is simple, rapid, and reproducible. Eicosatetraynoic acid and eicosatriynoic acid behave similarly in the extraction system ch...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Free fat cells and stromal-vascular cells were prepared from rat adipose tissue by incubation with collagenase. NH(4)OH-NH(4)Cl extracts of acetone-ether powders prepared from fat cells contained lipoprotein lipase activity but extracts of stromal-vascular cells did not. Intact fat cells released lipoprotein lipase ac...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1969-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apolipoprotein (apo) E, via its receptor binding domain contained in residues 140-150, mediates hepatic and peripheral tissue binding of cholesterol-rich lipoproteins. Previously, we reported that a synthetic peptide representing a linear tandem repeat of amino acids 141-155, the 141-155 dimer, binds the low density l...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autotaxin (ATX), which is highly expressed and secreted by adipocytes, functions as the key enzyme to generate lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) from lysophosphatidylcholine. Adipose tissue is the main source of circulating ATX that modulates plasma LPA levels. Upregulation of ATX expression in obese patients and mice is cl...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M075655
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Boiled coffee contains an unidentified lipid that raises serum cholesterol. We studied the effects of the ingestion of coffee oil fractions of increasing purity in volunteers in order to identify the cholesterol-raising factor. In 15 volunteers who ingested 0.75 g/d of a non-triglyceride-fraction from coffee oil for 4...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Series of benzoolysis experiments with 1,2-dipalmitoyl glycerophosphocholine (GPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-lyso GPC, and 1-O-hexadecenyl-2-oleoyl GPC, as well as a few experiments with 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl GPC and 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl GPC are reported. The results are used to present a consistent picture of the various dephosph...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In contrast to current methods of bile acid analysis that require the separation of bile acids into different groups prior to their analysis, the HPLC method using a reverse phase column and gradient elution that we developed permits the separation and detection of nonconjugated, glycine-conjugated, and esterified bil...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertriglyceridemia results from accumulation of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) in the circulation and is associated with increased CVD risk. ApoC-III is an apolipoprotein on TRLs and a prominent negative regulator of TG catabolism. We recently established that in vivo apoC-III predominantly inhibits LDL ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M093740
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The regulation of hepatic and intestinal 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase and acyl-CoA; cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activities by dietary fish oil was examined in the rabbit. Rabbits were fed 10% menhaden oil or menhaden oil plus 1% cholesterol for 14 days. They were compared with animals fed ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Analytical isoelectric focusing (IEF) has been applied to the study of the apolipoprotein components of rat serum high density and very low density lipoproteins. The apolipoproteins were separated on 7.5% polyacrylamide gels containing 6.8% urea, with a pH gradient of 4-6. The middle molecular weight range apolipoprot...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:14C-labeled oleic acid and (3)H-labeled monoether in a bile salt solution were perfused through three types of plastic tubing. Large proportions of lipid were lost to the walls of silicone rubber and polyvinyl chloride tubes. The major portion of the lipid lost was recoverable only when chloroform-methanol was perfuse...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1971-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A photocolorimeter for rapid automatic titration of free fatty acids is described. The solvents, absolute ethanol and hexane, form a single-phase titration mixture containing Nile blue indicator. The titrant, NaOH in 60% ethanol, is delivered by a motor-driven microsyringe; as alkali is added and the titration mixture...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1966-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of fat feeding on adipocyte insulin binding was examined to expand a study of adaptive changes in plasma membrane functions. Cells from rats fed a high fat (L) diet for five to seven days bound less insulin and showed a decreased response to insulin (glucose oxidation) compared to those from rats fed a high...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of cholesterol hydroperoxides has been prepared and tested as inactivators of calmodulin. Two previously undescribed compounds, tentatively identified as 20-(R)-25-dihydroperoxy-5-cholesten-3 beta-ol and its 20-(S) isomer inactivate calmodulin with 50% loss of activity at 5-10 microM. Cholesterol derivatives ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper describes the purification and some of the properties of an enzyme from human spleen that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin with the formation of ceramide and phosphoryl choline. The enzyme, which is located in the subcellular particulate fraction that sediments between 700 and 8500 g, is readily ma...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1967-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autosomal dominant Stargardt-like macular dystrophy (STGD3) in humans results from mutations in elongation of very long chain FAs-like 4 (ELOVL4), which leads to vision loss in young adults. ELOVL4 is an integral endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein that mediates the elongation of very long chain (VLC) FAs. Mutations in...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M045443
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in the cellularity of various adipose tissues in growing cattle were analyzed. Fifty male cattle were slaughtered between 15 and 65% of mature weight. The whole adipose mass, separated by dissection, was divided into three parts: subcutaneous, intermuscular, and internal adipose tissues. Lipid content, cell si...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selenocysteine (Sec) insertion sequence-binding protein 2 (SBP2) is essential for the biosynthesis of Sec-containing proteins, termed selenoproteins. Subjects with mutations in the SBP2 gene have decreased levels of several selenoproteins, resulting in a complex phenotype. Selenoproteins play a significant role in ant...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M059105
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
