Variable expression of Ia antigens on the vascular endothelium of mouse skin allografts.

abstract：:The recent discoveries of RNA interference and related RNA silencing pathways have revolutionized our understanding of gene regulation. RNA interference has been used as a research tool to control the expression of specific genes in numerous experimental organisms and has potential as a therapeutic strategy to reduce ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mello CC,Conte D Jr

更新日期：2004-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The tumour necrosis factor (TNF) ligand TALL-1 and its cognate receptors, BCMA, TACI and BAFF-R, were recently identified as members of the TNF superfamily, which are essential factors contributing to B-cell maturation. The functional, soluble fragment of TALL-1 (sTALL-1) forms a virus-like assembly for its proper fun...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liu Y,Hong X,Kappler J,Jiang L,Zhang R,Xu L,Pan CH,Martin WE,Murphy RC,Shu HB,Dai S,Zhang G

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonrandom chromosome rearrangements, observed in a variety of human and animal tumours, are associated in some cases with enhanced expression or deregulation of cellular oncogenes. Recently, it was shown that normal, diploid rodent cells are neoplastically transformed following transfection with two cooperating oncoge...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Oshimura M,Gilmer TM,Barrett JC

更新日期：1985-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanical milling is an effective technique for the preparation of fine metallic and ceramic powders and can also be used to drive a wide range of chemical reactions. Milling devices include planetary machines, attritors and vibrational mills; products include amorphous, nanocrystalline and quasicrystalline materials...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Calka A,Wexler D

更新日期：2002-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Disruption of the normal regulation of cell-cycle progression and division lies at the heart of the events leading to cancer. Complex networks of regulatory factors, the tumour microenvironment and stress signals, such as those resulting from damaged DNA, dictate whether cancer cells proliferate or die. Recent progres...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sawyers C

更新日期：2004-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased levels of brain amyloid-beta, a secreted peptide cleavage product of amyloid precursor protein (APP), is believed to be critical in the aetiology of Alzheimer's disease. Increased amyloid-beta can cause synaptic depression, reduce the number of spine protrusions (that is, sites of synaptic contacts) and bloc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kessels HW,Nguyen LN,Nabavi S,Malinow R

更新日期：2010-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell signalling through Frizzled receptors has evolved to considerable complexity within the metazoans. The Frizzled-dependent signalling cascade comprises several branches, whose differential activation depends on specific Wnt ligands, Frizzled receptor isoforms and the cellular context. In Xenopus laevis embryos, th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Winklbauer R,Medina A,Swain RK,Steinbeisser H

更新日期：2001-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Mineral nitrogen in nature is often found in the form of nitrate (NO3(-)). Numerous microorganisms evolved to assimilate nitrate and use it as a major source of mineral nitrogen uptake. Nitrate, which is central in nitrogen metabolism, is first reduced to nitrite (NO2(-)) through a two-electron reduction reaction. The...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zheng H,Wisedchaisri G,Gonen T

更新日期：2013-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:oop RNA, which is initiated at the po promoter and is 81 nucleotides long, can function as a leader sequence for the lambda immunity establishment transcription, previously believed to originate at a special promoter pre located in the y region. Thus, oop RNA seems to have a dual role, either favouring the lytic cycle...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Honigman A,Hu SL,Chase R,Szybalski W

更新日期：1976-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The RIG-like helicase (RLH) family of intracellular receptors detect viral nucleic acid and signal through the mitochondrial antiviral signalling adaptor MAVS (also known as Cardif, VISA and IPS-1) during a viral infection. MAVS activation leads to the rapid production of antiviral cytokines, including type 1 interfer...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Moore CB,Bergstralh DT,Duncan JA,Lei Y,Morrison TE,Zimmermann AG,Accavitti-Loper MA,Madden VJ,Sun L,Ye Z,Lich JD,Heise MT,Chen Z,Ting JP

更新日期：2008-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent work demonstrates that stochastic fluctuations in molecular populations have consequences for gene regulation. Previous experiments focused on noise sources or noise propagation through gene networks by measuring noise magnitudes. However, in theoretical analysis, we showed that noise frequency content is deter...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Austin DW,Allen MS,McCollum JM,Dar RD,Wilgus JR,Sayler GS,Samatova NF,Cox CD,Simpson ML

更新日期：2006-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:A quantum internet that connects remote quantum processors1,2 should enable a number of revolutionary applications such as distributed quantum computing. Its realization will rely on entanglement of remote quantum memories over long distances. Despite enormous progress3-12, at present the maximal physical separation a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yu Y,Ma F,Luo XY,Jing B,Sun PF,Fang RZ,Yang CW,Liu H,Zheng MY,Xie XP,Zhang WJ,You LX,Wang Z,Chen TY,Zhang Q,Bao XH,Pan JW

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrophysical observations indicate that there is roughly five times more dark matter in the Universe than ordinary baryonic matter1, and an even larger amount of the Universe's energy content is attributed to dark energy2. However, the microscopic properties of these dark components remain unknown. Moreover, even ord...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Smorra C,Stadnik YV,Blessing PE,Bohman M,Borchert MJ,Devlin JA,Erlewein S,Harrington JA,Higuchi T,Mooser A,Schneider G,Wiesinger M,Wursten E,Blaum K,Matsuda Y,Ospelkaus C,Quint W,Walz J,Yamazaki Y,Budker D,Ulmer S

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a debilitating autoimmune disease that results from T-cell-mediated destruction of insulin-producing beta-cells. Its incidence has increased during the past several decades in developed countries, suggesting that changes in the environment (including the human microbial environment) may influe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wen L,Ley RE,Volchkov PY,Stranges PB,Avanesyan L,Stonebraker AC,Hu C,Wong FS,Szot GL,Bluestone JA,Gordon JI,Chervonsky AV

更新日期：2008-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The crystal structure of the diphtheria toxin dimer at 2.5 A resolution reveals a Y-shaped molecule of three domains. The catalytic domain, called fragment A, is of the alpha + beta type. Fragment B actually consists of two domains. The transmembrane domain consists of nine alpha-helices, two pairs of which are unusua...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Choe S,Bennett MJ,Fujii G,Curmi PM,Kantardjieff KA,Collier RJ,Eisenberg D

更新日期：1992-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors：

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Achieving site selectivity in carbon-hydrogen (C-H) functionalization reactions is a long-standing challenge in organic chemistry. The small differences in intrinsic reactivity of C-H bonds in any given organic molecule can lead to the activation of undesired C-H bonds by a non-selective catalyst. One solution to this...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tang RY,Li G,Yu JQ

更新日期：2014-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II is believed to control the transition from transcription initiation to elongation. The general transcription factor IIH (TFIIH) contains a kinase activity capable of phosphorylating this domain. Factors that promote the associat...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lu H,Zawel L,Fisher L,Egly JM,Reinberg D

更新日期：1992-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutating the CAACCCCAA sequence in the RNA component of telomerase causes the synthesis in vivo of new telomere sequences corresponding to the mutated RNA sequence, demonstrating that the telomerase contains the template for telomere synthesis. These mutations also lead to nuclear and cell division defects, and senesc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yu GL,Bradley JD,Attardi LD,Blackburn EH

更新日期：1990-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Pressure is mounting to relax the regulations on importation of chimpanzees for research. Such a policy is unnecessary and would deepen the plight of an already endangered species. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Prince AM,Moor-Jankowski J,Eichberg JW,Schellekens H,Mauler RF,Girard M,Goodall J

更新日期：1988-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent discovery of CD4(+) T cells characterized by secretion of interleukin (IL)-17 (T(H)17 cells) and the naturally occurring regulatory FOXP3(+) CD4 T cell (nT(reg)) has had a major impact on our understanding of immune processes not readily explained by the T(H)1/T(H)2 paradigm. T(H)17 and nT(reg) cells have b...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yang L,Anderson DE,Baecher-Allan C,Hastings WD,Bettelli E,Oukka M,Kuchroo VK,Hafler DA

更新日期：2008-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Phototransduction in invertebrate microvillar photoreceptors is thought to be mediated by the activation of phospholipase C (PLC), but how this leads to gating of the light-sensitive channels is unknown. Most attention has focused on inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate, a second messenger produced by PLC from phosphatidylino...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chyb S,Raghu P,Hardie RC

更新日期：1999-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The response of the terrestrial carbon cycle to climate change is among the largest uncertainties affecting future climate change projections. The feedback between the terrestrial carbon cycle and climate is partly determined by changes in the turnover time of carbon in land ecosystems, which in turn is an ecosystem p...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Carvalhais N,Forkel M,Khomik M,Bellarby J,Jung M,Migliavacca M,Mu M,Saatchi S,Santoro M,Thurner M,Weber U,Ahrens B,Beer C,Cescatti A,Randerson JT,Reichstein M

更新日期：2014-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:How left/right functional asymmetry is layered on top of an anatomically symmetrical nervous system is poorly understood. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, two morphologically bilateral taste receptor neurons, ASE left (ASEL) and ASE right (ASER), display a left/right asymmetrical expression pattern of putative ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Johnston RJ,Hobert O

更新日期：2003-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:When an individual molecule, nanocrystal, nanotube or lithographically defined quantum dot is attached to metallic electrodes via tunnel barriers, electron transport is dominated by single-electron charging and energy-level quantization. As the coupling to the electrodes increases, higher-order tunnelling and correlat...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liang W,Shores MP,Bockrath M,Long JR,Park H

更新日期：2002-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Enhancers are cis-acting control elements which can stimulate at a distance the activity of a variety of eukaryotic promoters. First identified as a repeated 72 base pair (bp) sequence upstream of the simian virus 40 (SV40) early gene promoter, enhancers have since been shown to be associated with numerous other viral...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Herr W,Gluzman Y

更新日期：1985-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Human fibroblast cells produce beta-type interferon only in response to viral infection or treatment with an inducer such as poly(rI) X poly(rC); this event is most probably controlled at the transcriptional level (for review see ref. 1). To study the induction process, we inserted the human fibroblast interferon (IFN...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tavernier J,Gheysen D,Duerinck F,Van der Heyden J,Fiers W

更新日期：1983-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantum criticality is associated with a system composed of a nearly infinite number of interacting quantum degrees of freedom at zero temperature, and it implies that the system looks on average the same regardless of the time- and length scale on which it is observed. Electrons on the atomic scale do not exhibit suc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： van der Marel D,Molegraaf HJ,Zaanen J,Nussinov Z,Carbone F,Damascelli A,Eisaki H,Greven M,Kes PH,Li M

更新日期：2003-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/nature24277. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： GTEx Consortium.

更新日期：2018-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:A new gene, termed klotho, has been identified that is involved in the suppression of several ageing phenotypes. A defect in klotho gene expression in the mouse results in a syndrome that resembles human ageing, including a short lifespan, infertility, arteriosclerosis, skin atrophy, osteoporosis and emphysema. The ge...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kuro-o M,Matsumura Y,Aizawa H,Kawaguchi H,Suga T,Utsugi T,Ohyama Y,Kurabayashi M,Kaname T,Kume E,Iwasaki H,Iida A,Shiraki-Iida T,Nishikawa S,Nagai R,Nabeshima YI

更新日期：1997-11-06 00:00:00