Abstract:
:We have cloned two species of EcoRI-cleaved DNA segments that together cover the entire sequence for the human interleukin 2 gene and have determined the nucleotide sequence of the gene and its flanking regions. The gene contains three introns and the exon sequences can be aligned with the previously reported cDNA sequence almost perfectly except for a few nucleotides in the 3' nontranslated region. The promoter region contains a prototype "TATA" sequence as well as a notable palindromic sequence. Particularly interesting is the presence of sequences in this region that are homologous to the promoter region of the human interferon-gamma gene. In addition, a sequence that closely resembles the core sequence for the viral enhancer elements has been found in the second intron. Such sequences may play a role in the expression of the interleukin 2 gene in lectin- or antigen-stimulated T lymphocytes.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Fujita T,Takaoka C,Matsui H,Taniguchi Tdoi
10.1073/pnas.80.24.7437subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-12-01 00:00:00pages
7437-41issue
24eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
80pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Cyclization/cleavage of the 2-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate ester of propylene glycol is catalyzed by imidazole and, much more effectively, by Zn2+ with imidazole. In the latter case, the mechanism involves simultaneous Lewis acid/base catalysis. Similar Zn2+ and imidazole catalysis of cyclization/cleavage is seen with th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.6.1746
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) are members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily that act as ligand-dependent transcription factors. Here we identified the ten-eleven translocation protein 3 (TET3) as a TR interacting protein increasing cell sensitivity to T3. The interaction between TET3 and TRs is independent...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1702192114
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this report, we explore the nature of the inductive stimuli leading to expression of the divergently regulated lymphokines interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interleukin 4 (IL-4). Elevation of cAMP levels blocks IL-2 induction while sparing IL-4 induction. These effects are gene-specific, not cell-specific, and can be observ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.23.9353
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apomixis is a naturally occurring mode of reproduction that results in embryo formation without the involvement of meiosis or fertilization of the egg. Seed-derived progeny of an apomictic plant are genetically identical to the maternal parent. We are studying a form of apomixis called apospory that occurs in the genu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.9.5127
更新日期:1998-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::The adenovirus (Ad) early region 3 (E3) genes code for at least four proteins that inhibit the host immune responses mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and tumor necrosis factor alpha. To evaluate the potential use of these immunoregulatory viral functions in facilitating allogeneic cell transplantation, the Ad E3 ge...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.15.6947
更新日期:1995-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is a key effector of the innate immune system against viruses. Activation of TLR3 exerts an antitumoral effect through a mechanism of action still poorly understood. Here we show that TLR3 activation by polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid induces up-regulation of microRNA-29b, -29c, -148b, and ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1304610110
更新日期:2013-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::In target tissue extracts, heat shock protein hsp90 has been found associated to all unliganded steroid receptors. Modulation of important functions of these receptors, including prevention of DNA binding and optimization of transcriptional activity, has been attributed to hsp90. However no unequivocal in vivo demonst...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.1.340
更新日期:1994-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebellar granule cells grown in the presence of a serum complex differentiate but are resistant to the lethal action of excitatory amino acids. When these cells are grown also in the presence of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) they become fully susceptible to the toxic, lethal action of glutamate. The glutamate...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.18.8752
更新日期:1993-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Efficient single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping methods are necessary to accomplish many current gene discovery goals. A crucial element in large-scale SNP genotyping is the number of individual biochemical reactions that must be performed. An efficient method that can be used to simultaneously amplify a set...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.261710699
更新日期:2002-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::Administration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) to neonatal mice resulted in rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of a number of specific substrates in liver, kidney, lung, bladder, skin, and brain as detected by Western blot analysis of tissue homogenates with anti-phosphotyrosine antibodies. In the liver, three prominent ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.18.8477
更新日期:1992-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of a series of anions to inhibit [(3)H]strychnine binding to spinal cord synaptic membranes correlates closely with their neurophysiologic capacity to reverse inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in the mammalian spinal cord. Seven neurophysiologically active anions are also effective inhibitors of [(3)H]str...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.10.4002
更新日期:1974-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have isolated two cDNA clones, NaPi-2 and NaPi-3, by screening rat kidney cortex and human kidney cortex cDNA libraries, respectively, for expression of sodium-dependent phosphate transport in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Substrate specificity and a detailed kinetic analysis (Na, Pi, H+ concentrations) suggested that ex...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.13.5979
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular mechanism of growth hormone release by synthetic somatocrinin was investigated on purified hog anterior pituitary secretory granules; the granules were found to contain a cAMP-dependent protein kinase that catalyzed [gamma-32P]-ATP histone phosphorylation with maximal rates ranging from 1 to 5 nmol of Pi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.21.6538
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The occurrence and sequelae of disorders that lead to hypoxic spells such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) exhibit daily variance. This prompted us to examine the interaction between the hypoxic response and the circadian clock in vivo. We found that the global transc...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1914112117
更新日期:2020-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::It is shown that polyphosphates are not generated in significant amounts in the phosphoglycerate kinase reaction; polyphosphate is more effective than ATP in the formation of glucose 6-P by glucokinase, but the rate with ATP may be adequate to meet the requirements of glucose metabolism; PPi is far more effective than...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.2.312
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth inhibition assays indicated that the IC50 values for methotrexate (MTX) and 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FdUrd) in HS-18, a liposarcoma cell line lacking retinoblastoma protein (pRB), and SaOS-2, an osteosarcoma cell line with a truncated and nonfunctional pRB, were 10- to 12-fold and 4- to 11-fold higher, respectivel...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.22.10436
更新日期:1995-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in external light patterns can alter cell activities in peripheral tissues through slow entrainment of the central clock in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). It remains unclear whether cells in otherwise photo-insensitive tissues can achieve rapid responses to changes in external light. Here we show that light st...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1719548115
更新日期:2018-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::NIH 3T3 mouse cells were transfected with plasmids that induce efficient expression of either (i) the Rous sarcoma virus v-src gene, (ii) the chicken c-src gene, or (iii) a recombinant gene combining the 5' portion of c-src with the 3' end of v-src. Focus formation in tissue culture and formation of large colonies in ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.22.7071
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural products have long served as both a source and inspiration for pharmaceuticals. Modifying the structure of a natural product often improves the biological activity of the compound. Metabolic engineering strategies to ferment "unnatural" products have been enormously successful in microbial organisms. However, ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0903393106
更新日期:2009-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::Vertebrate hematopoietic stem cells are derived from vental mesoderm, which is postulated to migrate to both extra- and intraembryonic positions during gastrula and neurula stages. Extraembryonic migration has previously been documented, but the origin and migration of intraembryonic hematopoietic cells have not been ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.23.10713
更新日期:1995-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::We determined that a pigeon cytochrome c-derived peptide, p43-58, possesses two anchor residues, 46 and 54, for binding with the I-Ab molecule that are compatible to the position 1 (P1) and position 9 (P9) of the core region in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II binding peptides, respectively. In the ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.22.12047
更新日期:1997-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::Phi chi174 DNA structures containing two different parental genomes were detected genetically and examined by electron microscopy. These structures consisted of two monomeric double-stranded DNA molecules linked in a figure 8 configuration. Such DNA structures were observed to be formed preferentially in host recA+ ce...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.1.235
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Addition of Na+ to Na+-depleted Swiss 3T3 cells causes a rapid and dramatic increase in intracellular pH, as monitored by uptake of the weak acid 5,5-dimethyloxazolidine-2,4-dione. The effect of Na+ is concentration dependent (half-maximal effect at 38 mM); this cation can be replaced by Li+ but not by K+ or the choli...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.24.7778
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein misfolding is the molecular basis for several human diseases. How the primary amino acid sequence triggers misfolding and determines the benign or toxic character of the misfolded protein remains largely obscure. Among proteins that misfold, polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion proteins provide an interesting case:...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0604547103
更新日期:2006-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::Vertebrae are derived from the sclerotomal moities of the somites. Sclerotomal cells migrate ventrally to surround the notochord, where they form the vertebral body, and dorsolaterally to form the neural arch, which is dorsally closed by the spinous process. Precursor cells of the spinous process as well as superficia...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.22.10435
更新日期:1994-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::An antiserum was prepared in rabbits against an antigen obtained by density gradient sedimentation of centrifuged medium from monolayer cultures of spleens involved by Hodgkin's disease. The antiserum was tested by isotopic antibody techniques with cells from each of eight cultures derived from spleens involved by Hod...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.7.2605
更新日期:1974-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ice streams are narrow corridors of fast-flowing ice that constitute the arterial drainage network of ice sheets. Therefore, changes in ice stream flow are key to understanding paleoclimate, sea level changes, and rapid disintegration of ice sheets during deglaciation. The dynamics of ice flow are tightly coupled to t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1600362113
更新日期:2016-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::Yellow, orange, and red coloration is a fundamental aspect of avian diversity and serves as an important signal in mate choice and aggressive interactions. This coloration is often produced through the deposition of diet-derived carotenoid pigments, yet the mechanisms of carotenoid uptake and transport are not well-un...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1700751114
更新日期:2017-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::The skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) was investigated for the presence of well-known endoplasmic reticulum (ER) markers: the lumenal protein BiP and a group of membrane proteins recognized by an antibody raised against ER membrane vesicles. Western blots of SR fractions revealed the presence of BiP in fast-...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.13.6142
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulating evidence suggests that subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues are differentially associated with metabolic disorders. In obesity, subcutaneous adipose tissue is beneficial for metabolic homeostasis because of repressed inflammation. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1822067116
更新日期:2019-06-11 00:00:00