Abstract:
:The mechanism of action of Senokot, a widely used laxative, has not been established. Senokot was given orally to rats 8-14 h before intestinal water and electrolyte transport were studied. Senokot significantly decreased colonic and jejunal water absorption measured in vivo by the single-pass perfusion technique. The Senokot changes were not associated with changes in jejunal or colonic histology or adenylate cyclase activity or colonic cyclic adenosine monophosphate content. Senokot also altered active electrolyte transport in rat descending colon as measured by the Ussing chamber-voltage clamp technique. These changes consisted of an increase in short-circuit current and a decrease in active Na and Cl transport that was due to a decrease in the mucosal-to-serosal fluxes. The changes in active electrolyte transport were dependent on Ca++ in the serosal but not the mucosal bathing solution. In contrast, addition of 10(-4) M verapamil to the serosal surface did not alter the Senokot effect. In spite of a dependence on serosal Ca++, Senokot did not alter 45Ca++ entry across the colonic serosal surface. The phospholipase A2 inhibitor quinacrine (10(-4) M) also did not alter the effect of Senokot on colonic Na and Cl transport. Senokot alters active colonic Na and Cl transport via a presently unknown mechanism that is dependent on serosal Ca++.
journal_name
Gastroenterologyjournal_title
Gastroenterologyauthors
Donowitz M,Wicks J,Battisti L,Pike G,DeLellis Rsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-09-01 00:00:00pages
503-12issue
3eissn
0016-5085issn
1528-0012pii
S0016508584002031journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
GASTROENTEROLOGY文献大全abstract::The effect of experimental bypass on the intestinal epithelium of the rat was investigated from 2 to 360 days after creating a Thiry-Vella fistula. Within 7 to 14 days the number of cells per villus column and, to a lesser degree, the number of cells per crypt column decreased and subsequently these values remained co...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Biglycan (PG-I), a component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. To determine possible matrix-tumor interactions, we investigated the effects of PG-I on pancreatic cancer. METHODS:PG-I expression in cell lines and tissue samples was examined by Northern blot and ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/gast.2001.27222
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sphincter of Oddi (SO) manometry was conducted in 48 subjects who had previously undergone cholecystectomy. Ten of these subjects had no detectable biliary or pancreatic disease and served as controls. The other 38 patients were presumed to have SO dysfunction and had presented with episodes of severe biliary-type pai...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(85)80086-x
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastric emptying of a solid meal and serum gastrin concentration were studied in 26 patients with duodenal ulcer disease before and after parietal cell vagotomy (PCV), selective gastric vagotomy with drainage (SGV + D), or parietal cell vagotomy with drainage. PCV had no significant effect on gastric emptying rate, wh...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:It is unclear whether genomic derangement precedes the histological development of dysplasia in ulcerative colitis (UC)-related neoplastic progression. The primary aim of this study was to determine if chromosomal alterations occur early in the progression pathway of UC-related neoplasia. METHODS:Flu...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(97)70173-2
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:In stomach, metaplasia can arise from differentiated chief cells that become mitotic via paligenosis, a stepwise program. In paligenosis, mitosis initiation requires reactivation of the cellular energy hub mTORC1 after initial mTORC1 suppression by DNA damage induced transcript 4 (DDIT4 aka REDD1). ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.09.016
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Cost-effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening will be maximized by selecting the widest screening intervals that effectively prevent cancer mortality. However, data on the incidence of neoplasia in persons with no abnormal findings on initial examination are limited. The aim of this study was to d...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/gast.1996.v111.pm8898630
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:DESCRIPTION:The purpose of this American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Institute Clinical Practice Update is to review the available evidence and best practice advice statements regarding the use of endoscopic therapies in treating patients with non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. METHODS:This expert...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.095
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a radioimmunoassay which detect concentrations of alpha-fetoprotein as low as 5 ng per ml, 38% of 176 patients with viral hepatitis compared with health volunteers and patients with chronic diseases not affecting the liver. When separated into two groups based on histological classification of liver biopsy speci...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::From 1979 to 1984, we followed the cases of 3 men (aged 13, 31, and 75 yr) and 2 women (aged 38 and 45 yr who had never used oral contraceptives) suffering from liver adenomatosis, an uncommon lesion consisting of numerous benign adenomas in an otherwise normal hepatic parenchyma. During the same period, we observed 2...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Upon liver injury in which hepatocyte proliferation is compromised, liver progenitor cells (LPCs), derived from biliary epithelial cells (BECs), differentiate into hepatocytes. Little is known about the mechanisms of LPC differentiation. We used zebrafish and mouse models of liver injury to study the ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2018.09.039
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The polypeptide core of mucin glycoprotein subunits resists cleavage by proteases. To determine if the carbohydrate side chains of these subunits protect the underlying polypeptide core from proteolytic cleavage, we compared the effect of pancreatic proteases on hog gastric mucin before and after cleavage of its carbo...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:This study used a low lesion prevalence population reflective of the screening setting to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of computerized tomographic (CT) colonography for detection of colorectal polyps. METHODS:This prospective, blinded study comprised 703 asymptomatic persons at higher-tha...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(03)00894-1
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Firmicutes bacteria produce metabolites that maintain the intestinal barrier and mucosal immunity. Firmicutes are reduced in the intestinal microbiota of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). In a phase 1b trial of patients with UC, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of SER-287, an oral formulation...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.07.048
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular space and blood volume were measured using 82Br dilution and 51Cr-tagged erythrocytes in 24 tumor-free patients after total gastrectomy. Eleven of the patients suffered from early dumping. Age, blood volume, and extracellular space were significantly smaller in dumpers (P less than 0.05). The dumping sco...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(90)90608-4
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Adenosine mediates immune suppression and is generated by the ectonucleotidases CD39 (ENTPD1) and CD73 that are expressed on vascular endothelial cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Although tumor-infiltrating immune cells include Foxp3(+) Tregs, it is not clear whether local adenosine generation by...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.05.007
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Retinoids inhibit growth and induce differentiation in a variety of pancreatic carcinoma cells. The goal of this study was to examine the molecular mechanisms responsible for retinoid sensitivity. METHODS:Anchorage-independent growth was examined in AR42J, DSL-6A/C1, and Capan-2 cells using a human t...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(98)70269-0
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to correlate colonic motility with transit in 8 patients with functional diarrhea compared to 12 healthy subjects. Intraluminal pressure was measured with perfused catheter ports in the transverse colon, splenic flexure, and descending and sigmoid colons. Transit of the luminal contents was m...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(91)90080-5
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of neuropeptide Y on the motor activity of the circular and longitudinal muscle of the guinea pig small intestine was investigated. Neuropeptide Y (0.3-30 nM) inhibited, in a concentration-dependent manner, the ascending enteric reflex contraction of the circular muscle; both the cholinergic and noncholiner...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(87)90628-7
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:The neuropeptide somatostatin exerts multiple functions in the gastrointestinal tract and may also play a regulatory role in inflammatory bowel disease, as several other neuropeptides do, e.g., substance P or calcitonin gene-related peptide. Therefore, the expression of somatostatin receptors was evalua...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(94)90754-4
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In fed rats, acid production was estimated to be 7 X 10(8) molecules of HCl per cell per sec or 5 X 10(5) molecules per sec per mu2 of secretory surface. In stimulated frog mucosa the corresponding values were 3 X 10(8) molecules of HCl per cell per sec 2 X 10(5) molecules per sec per mu2 or secretory surface. The gen...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the development and progression of human cancers. We investigated the roles and mechanisms of miR-26a in human cholangiocarcinoma. METHODS:We used in situ hybridization and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to measure expression of...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2012.03.045
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Photodynamic therapy (PDT) for high-grade dysplasia (HGD) in Barrett's esophagus is a Food and Drug Administration-approved alternative to esophagectomy. Critical information regarding overall survival of patients followed up long-term after these therapies is lacking. Our aim was to compare the long-...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.02.017
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two infants under 3 mo of age who presented with obstructive jaundice secondary to cholelithiasis are reported. Neither infant had any congenital anatomic abnormality of the biliary tract leading to stasis, yet both had cultures of gallbladder bile that grew abundant bacteria. In both, recovery of gallbladder bile and...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(89)91579-5
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Administration of secretin improves noninvasive imaging of the pancreatic duct with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). We performed a large prospective study to investigate whether synthetic human secretin (RG1068)-stimulated MRCP detects pancreatic duct abnormalities with higher leve...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.05.035
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this review, we compared the outcome of 25 studies of experimentally induced pancreatitis in animals with 13 studies of human acute pancreatitis in which the same therapeutic agents were used (aprotinin, glucagon, 5-fluorouracil, somatostatin, peritoneal lavage). Whereas 81% of the animal studies had a positive out...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(87)90275-7
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Little is known about the evolution of morphological changes in pelvic ileal-pouch mucosa. This study evaluates prospectively the sequence of early morphological, histochemical, and phenotypic features in pouch mucosal biopsy specimens. METHODS:Twenty-two patients with pelvic ileal pouches constructed ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(94)90169-4
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The mucosal response to intestinal resection has been extensively studied; little is known of the motor response. Our aim was to evaluate motility in the intestinal remnant following distal resection. METHODS:Motor activity, duodenocecal transit, nutrition, and absorption were studied over a 3-month period ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(93)90897-l
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to discover the effect of bile acid synthesis on cholesterol secretion into the bile, 7 rhesus monkeys were studied at various stable interruptions of the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. In 4 animals, 2.5 and 7.5% interruptions were compared; 2.5 and 15% interruptions were compared in 5 animals. Ther...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Although a number of epidemiologic studies have found dietary fiber and whole grains to be inversely associated with colorectal cancer incidence, studies of dietary and other risk factors for small intestinal cancer have been sparse and all of a case-control design. We conducted a prospective cohort s...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.07.015
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00