Abstract:
:Direct measurements of the intracellular level of lambda repressor have been made by a DNA-filter assay and a radioimmune assay. Transcription of cI, the structural gene for repressor, appears to initiate at two different promoters, prm and pre. Promoter pre is activated during the establishment of lysogeny by the action of cII and cIII proteins at the DNA site cY. Phage mutated in cII, cIII, or cY do not make a normal burst of repressor after infection and do not efficiently lysogenize the cell. Cro product stops repressor synthesis midway in the infective cycle. Promoter prm maintains the repressor level in established lysogens. Delection mapping places it very near the right operator (Or). Prm is activated by repressor bound to the right operator. In the absence of cII or cIII protein, repressor synthesis requires active repressor and only proceeds on genomes able to bind repressor at Or.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Reichardt L,Kaiser ADdoi
10.1073/pnas.68.9.2185subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1971-09-01 00:00:00pages
2185-9issue
9eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Legionella pneumophila causes a potentially fatal form of pneumonia by replicating within macrophages in the Legionella-containing vacuole (LCV). Bacterial survival and proliferation within the LCV rely on hundreds of secreted effector proteins comprising high functional redundancy. The vacuolar membrane-localized Mav...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1902806116
更新日期:2019-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in understanding the role of neurotrophins on activity-dependent plasticity have provided insight into how behavior can affect specific aspects of neuronal biology. We present evidence that voluntary exercise can prime adult dorsal root ganglion neurons for increased axonal regeneration through a neuro...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0401443101
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluate the impact of anthropogenic and natural NO(x) sources over the contiguous United States on tropospheric NO(x) and O(3) levels by using a global 3D chemical transport model. The effects of major U.S. surface NO(x) emission sources (including anthropogenic, biomass burning, and soil emissions) are compared w...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.252763799
更新日期:2003-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::Host cell binding is an essential step in colonization by many bacterial pathogens, and the Lyme disease agent, Borrelia burgdorferi, which colonizes multiple tissues, is capable of attachment to diverse cell types. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are ubiquitously expressed on mammalian cells and are recognized by multiple ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1231043100
更新日期:2003-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::Aberrant glycosylation and the overexpression of certain carbohydrate moieties is a consistent feature of cancers, and tumor-associated oligosaccharides are actively investigated as targets for immunotherapy. One of the most common aberrations in glycosylation patterns is the presentation of a single O-linked N-acetyl...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0915176107
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lack of genetic means has been a serious limitation in studying mosquito immunity. We generated Relish-mediated immune deficiency (RMID) by transforming Aedes aegypti with the Delta Rel transgene driven by the vitellogenin (Vg) promoter using the pBac[3xP3-EGFP, afm] vector. A stable transformed line had a single ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0537347100
更新日期:2003-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::Natural selection does not necessarily favor maximal reproduction because reproduction imposes fitness costs, reducing parental survival, and offspring quality. Here, we show that parents in a preindustrial population in North America incurred fitness costs from reproduction, and women incurred greater costs than men....
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0609301103
更新日期:2007-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::A general model is proposed for genetic recombination. Its essential new feature is the hypothesis that recombination is initiated by a single-strand (or asymmetric) transfer, which may, after isomerization, become a two-strand (or symmetric) exchange. The likelihood of this transition from asymmetric to symmetric str...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.1.358
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Relaxin is a member of the insulin family of polypeptides that is best known as a reproductive hormone. In an effort to elucidate the mechanism of action of relaxin we previously localized the specific binding sites of a 32P-labeled relaxin in the rat uterus and brain. These studies suggested that, in addition to its ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.6.2384
更新日期:1992-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the complete mtDNA sequence of the centipede Lithobius forficatus and found that only one of the 22 inferred tRNA genes encodes a fully paired aminoacyl acceptor stem. The other 21 genes encode tRNAs with up to five mismatches in these stems, and some of these overlap extensively with the downstream gene...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.250402997
更新日期:2000-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::An inductive interaction between the sevenless (sev) transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor and the bride of sevenless (boss) transmembrane ligand is required for the development of the R7 photoreceptor neuron in the compound eye of Drosophila melanogaster. The boss protein is proposed to contain a large N-terminal ex...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.11.5047
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA sequence complementary to Trypanosoma brucei mRNAs coding for the synthesis of the variant-specific antigens AnTat 1.1 and AnTat 1.8 have been cloned and characterized. These sequences have been used as probes to analyze the corresponding genes in the nuclear DNA. The two genes seem to be represented in several (t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.5.2673
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently found that the beta-adrenergic agonist 1-isoproterenol evokes a rapid (less than 5 min) Ca2+- and receptor-dependent stimulation of endocytosis, hexose transport, and amino acid transport in mouse renal cortex involving proximal tubule cells. This response is associated with increased Ca2+ fluxes and a mob...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.23.7210
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Staphylococcus aureus colonizes the skin of the majority of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), and its presence increases disease severity. Adhesion of S. aureus to corneocytes in the stratum corneum is a key initial event in colonization, but the bacterial and host factors contributing to this process have not bee...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2014444118
更新日期:2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::The homeostatic maintenance of the genomic DNA is crucial for regulating aging processes. However, the role of RNA homeostasis in aging processes remains unknown. RNA helicases are a large family of enzymes that regulate the biogenesis and homeostasis of RNA. However, the functional significance of RNA helicases in ag...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1505451112
更新日期:2015-08-04 00:00:00
abstract::The discovery of RNAi has revolutionized loss-of-function genetic studies in mammalian systems. However, significant challenges still remain to fully exploit RNAi for mammalian genetics. For instance, genetic screens and in vivo studies could be broadly improved by methods that allow inducible and uniform gene express...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1019736108
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A preparative two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel system was used to separate and purify the major Coomassie blue-stained proteins from the isolated rat liver nuclear matrix. Approximately 12 major proteins were consistently found. Of these, 5 proteins represented identified proteins, including nuclear lamins A, B, and...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.22.10312
更新日期:1991-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::We report a comprehensive cartography of selective responses to visual letters and words in the human ventral occipito-temporal cortex (VOTC) with direct neural recordings, clarifying key aspects of the neural basis of reading. Intracerebral recordings were performed in a large group of patients (n = 37) presented wit...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1718987115
更新日期:2018-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::In layered materials, a common mode of deformation involves buckling of the layers under tensile deformation in the direction perpendicular to the layers. The instability mechanism, which operates in elastic materials from geological to nanometer scales, involves the elastic contrast between different layers. In a reg...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1111367109
更新日期:2012-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Karrikins are a class of seed germination stimulants identified in smoke from wildfires. Microarray analysis of imbibed Arabidopsis thaliana seeds was performed to identify transcriptional responses to KAR(1) before germination. A small set of genes that are regulated by KAR(1), even when germination is prevented by t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0911635107
更新日期:2010-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::Across the Upper Missouri River Basin, the recent drought of 2000 to 2010, known as the "turn-of-the-century drought," was likely more severe than any in the instrumental record including the Dust Bowl drought. However, until now, adequate proxy records needed to better understand this event with regard to long-term v...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1916208117
更新日期:2020-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::ExoU is a type III-secreted cytotoxin expressing A2 phospholipase activity when injected into eukaryotic target cells by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa The enzymatic activity of ExoU is undetectable in vitro unless ubiquitin, a required cofactor, is added to the reaction. The role of ubiquitin in facilitating Ex...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1716861115
更新日期:2018-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::The density of cells and neurons in the neocortex of many mammals varies across cortical areas and regions. This variability is, perhaps, most pronounced in primates. Nonuniformity in the composition of cortex suggests regions of the cortex have different specializations. Specifically, regions with densely packed neur...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1524208113
更新日期:2016-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::In myocardial ischemia, adrenergic nerves release excessive amounts of norepinephrine (NE), causing dysfunction and arrhythmias. With anoxia and the concomitant ATP depletion, vesicular storage of NE is impaired, resulting in accumulation of free NE in the axoplasm of sympathetic nerves. Intraneuronal acidosis activat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.051599198
更新日期:2001-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::A vestigial, nonphotosynthetic plastid has been identified recently in protozoan parasites of the phylum Apicomplexa. The apicomplexan plastid, or "apicoplast," is indispensable, but the complete sequence of both the Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii apicoplast genomes has offered no clue as to what essentia...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.21.12352
更新日期:1998-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally accepted that healthy cells degrade their own mitochondria. Here, we report that retinal ganglion cell axons of WT mice shed mitochondria at the optic nerve head (ONH), and that these mitochondria are internalized and degraded by adjacent astrocytes. EM demonstrates that mitochondria are shed through f...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1404651111
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asymmetric epoxidation of various styrenes using carbocyclic oxazolidinone-containing ketone 3 has been investigated. High enantioselectivity (89-93% enantiomeric excess) has been attained for this challenging class of alkenes. Mechanistic studies show that substituents on the ketone catalyst can have electronic influ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0307548101
更新日期:2004-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::Although it has long been recognized that the enteric community of bacteria that inhabit the human distal intestinal track broadly impacts human health, the biochemical details that underlie these effects remain largely undefined. Here, we report a broad MS-based metabolomics study that demonstrates a surprisingly lar...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0812874106
更新日期:2009-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::The replacement of dopamine (DA) by DA neuron transplants in the treatment of advanced Parkinson disease (PD) is a rational approach. Because of limitations associated with fetal tissue transplants, a clone (1RB3AN27) of simian virus 40 large tumor antigen (LTa) gene-induced immortalized DA neurons were used in this s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.3.1265
更新日期:1998-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::It is well known that far fewer men than women enroll in tertiary education in the United States and other Western nations. Developed nations vary in the degree to which men are underrepresented, but the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) average lies around 45% male students. We use data fr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2002861117
更新日期:2020-06-23 00:00:00