Abstract:
:A general model is proposed for genetic recombination. Its essential new feature is the hypothesis that recombination is initiated by a single-strand (or asymmetric) transfer, which may, after isomerization, become a two-strand (or symmetric) exchange. The likelihood of this transition from asymmetric to symmetric strand exchange determines certain characteristic features of recombination in any particular organism.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Meselson MS,Radding CMdoi
10.1073/pnas.72.1.358keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1975-01-01 00:00:00pages
358-61issue
1eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
72pub_type
杂志文章abstract::This communication reports an analysis of Tn5/IS50 target site selection by using an extensive collection of Tn5 and IS50 insertions in two relatively small regions of DNA (less than 1 kb each). For both regions data were collected resulting from in vitro and in vivo transposition events. Since the data sets are consi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.18.10716
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To test whether gravity is required for normal amphibian development, Xenopus laevis females were induced to ovulate aboard the orbiting Space Shuttle. Eggs were fertilized in vitro, and although early embryonic stages showed some abnormalities, the embryos were able to regulate and produce nearly normal larvae. These...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.6.1975
更新日期:1995-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophages use phagocytosis to control the spread of pathogens in the body, to clear apoptotic cells, and to aid in tissue remodeling. The phagosomal membrane is traditionally thought to originate from the plasmalemma and then go through a series of maturation steps involving sequential fusion with endosomal compartm...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0705801104
更新日期:2007-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::For a constant membrane potential, a predominantly inhibitory GABAergic synaptic response is shown to undergo long-term transformation into an excitatory response after pairing of exogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) with postsynaptic depolarization or pairing of pre- and postsynaptic stimulation. Current- and vol...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.24.11862
更新日期:1992-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Application of hydrostatic pressure shifts protein conformational equilibria in a direction to reduce the volume of the system. A current view is that the volume reduction is dominated by elimination of voids or cavities in the protein interior via cavity hydration, although an alternative mechanism wherein cavities a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1506505112
更新日期:2015-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::Mitogen-stimulated scheduled DNA synthesis and DNA excision repair in human lymphocytes, as well as DNA polymerase a activity in a cell-free system, were inhibited by an electrophilic metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene. This metabolite, (+/-)-anti-(7r,8t)-dihydroxy-(9,10t)-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahyd robenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE), co...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.17.5300
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the evolution of a Theory of Mind, we need to understand the selective factors that might have jumpstarted its initial evolution. We argue that a subconscious, reflexive appreciation of others' intentions, emotions, and perspectives is at the roots of even the most complex forms of Theory of Mind and tha...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1301223110
更新日期:2013-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::We report on the design and characterization of a class of biomolecular interfaces based on derivatized poly(l-lysine)-grafted poly(ethylene glycol) copolymers adsorbed on negatively charged surfaces. As a model system, we synthesized biotin-derivatized poly(l-lysine)-grafted poly(ethylene glycol) copolymers, PLL-g-[(...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.98.3.852
更新日期:2001-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the theory that the insulin-induced loss of insulin binding from adipocytes is due to internalization of insulin receptors. Cell-surface receptors were assessed by the binding capacity of intact cells at 16 degrees C. Total (i.e., cell-surface plus intracellular) receptors were assessed by solubil...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.2.427
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synaptobrevin/vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP) and syntaxin are potential vesicle donor and target membrane receptors of a docking complex that requires N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) and soluble NSF-attachment proteins as soluble factors for vesicle fusion with target membranes. Members of this doc...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.11.4688
更新日期:1994-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::Preaxial polydactyly (PPD) is a common limb malformation in human. A number of polydactylous mouse mutants indicate that misexpression of Shh is a common requirement for generating extra digits. Here we identify a translocation breakpoint in a PPD patient and a transgenic insertion site in the polydactylous mouse muta...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.112212199
更新日期:2002-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::It is well established that pregnancy early in life reduces the risk of breast cancer in women and that this effect is universal. This phenomenon of parity protection against mammary cancer is also observed in rodents. Earlier studies have demonstrated that short-term administration of estradiol (E) in combination wit...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.201393798
更新日期:2001-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::We prove that the property of excision in algebraic K-theory is for a Q-algebra A equivalent to the H-unitality of the latter. Our excision theorem, in particular, implies Karoubi's conjecture on the equality of algebraic and topological K-theory groups of stable C*-algebras. It also allows us to identify the algebrai...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.24.9582
更新日期:1990-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::To understand complex biological systems, such as the development of multicellular organisms, it is important to characterize the gene expression dynamics. However, there is currently no universal technique for targeted insertion of reporter genes and quantitative imaging in multicellular model systems. Recently, geno...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1202768109
更新日期:2012-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::A soluble 27-kDa protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae specifically prevents the inactivation of various enzymes caused by a nonenzymatic Fe3+/O2/thiol mixed-function oxidation system but not by mixed-function oxidation systems in which the thiol component is replaced by another electron donor-e.g., ascorbate. In this...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.16.6018
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::USF1 and USF2 are ubiquitously expressed transcription factors implicated as antagonists of the c-Myc protooncoprotein in the control of cellular proliferation. To determine the biological role of the USF proteins, mutant mice were generated by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. USF1-null mice were viab...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.7.3758
更新日期:1998-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::Left ventricular remodeling that occurs after myocardial infarction (MI) and pressure overload is generally accepted as a determinant of the clinical course of heart failure. The molecular mechanism of this process, however, remains to be elucidated. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is a mitogen-activated p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2136717100
更新日期:2003-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::The antimicrobial peptide hepcidin appears to play a central role in the regulation of iron homeostasis. In intact animals, iron overload or the injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates transcription of HAMP, the gene that encodes hepcidin. In isolated hepatocytes, IL-6, an inflammatory cytokine the production...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0403108101
更新日期:2004-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::The chromatin core particle DNA conformation deduced in broad outline by Finch et al. [Finch, J. T., Lutter, L. C., Rhodes, D., Brown, R. S., Rushton, B., Levitt, M. & Klug, A. (1977) Nature 269, 29-36] can be described in detail using other available experimental results. Histone binding sites compatible with the pat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.8.3649
更新日期:1978-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Ritz upper bound to eigenvalues of Hermitian operators is essential for many applications in science. It is a staple of quantum chemistry and physics computations. The lower bound devised by Temple in 1928 [G. Temple, Proc. R. Soc. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 119, 276-293 (1928)] is not, since it converges too slowly....
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2007093117
更新日期:2020-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::The formation of amyloid-like aggregates by expanded polyglutamine (polyGln) sequences is suspected to play a critical role in the neuropathology of Huntington's disease and other expanded CAG-repeat diseases. To probe the folding of the polyGln sequence in the aggregate, we replaced Gln-Gln pairs at different sequenc...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.252523899
更新日期:2002-12-24 00:00:00
abstract::Insect damage on fossil leaves from the Central Rocky Mountains, United States, documents the response of herbivores to changing regional climates and vegetation during the late Paleocene (humid, warm temperate to subtropical, predominantly deciduous), early Eocene (humid subtropical, mixed deciduous and evergreen), a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.111069498
更新日期:2001-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::The structures of human platelet alpha 2-adrenergic receptors and rat liver alpha 1-adrenergic receptors were compared by utilizing isoelectric focusing, NaDodSO4/PAGE, and monoclonal antibody crossreactivity. Digitonin-solubilized alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors have an identical isoelectric point of 4.6. U...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.14.4842
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated whether the large (5- to 15-fold) stimulation of synthesis of growth hormone (somatotropin) observed upon exposure of a strain of rat pituitary (GH3) cells to dexamethasone (a synthetic glucocorticoid) arises from a stimulation of pregrowth hormone mRNA. A good agreement was observed between the s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.6.2357
更新日期:1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclic AMP concentrations were low for an adenylate cyclase-deficient mutant (cya(-)) and abnormally high for a catabolite receptor protein-deficient mutant (crp(-)). A fall in cellular cAMP concentration was always found when cells were subjected to transient repression. No consistent correlations were observed betwe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.4.1436
更新日期:1974-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In contrast with speciation in terrestrial organisms, marine plankton frequently display gradual morphological change without lineage division (e.g., phyletic gradualism or gradual evolution), which has raised the possibility that a different mode of evolution dominates within pelagic environments. Here, we reexamine ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0902887106
更新日期:2009-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The exquisite selectivity and catalytic activity of enzymes have been shaped by the effects of positive and negative selection pressure during the course of evolution. In contrast, enzyme variants engineered by using in vitro screening techniques to accept novel substrates typically display a higher degree of catalyti...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0500063102
更新日期:2005-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::PCR was used to isolate nucleotide sequences that may encode novel members of the neuropeptide Y receptor family. By use of a PCR product as a hybridization probe, a full-length human cDNA was isolated that encodes a 375-aa protein with a predicted membrane topology identifying it as a member of the G-protein-coupled ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.10.4661
更新日期:1996-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::Polymorphism in materials often leads to significantly different physical properties--the rutile and anatase polymorphs of TiO2 are a prime example. Polytypism is a special type of polymorphism, occurring in layered materials when the geometry of a repeating structural layer is maintained but the layer-stacking sequen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1502460112
更新日期:2015-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::PUF proteins control both growth and differentiation in the C. elegans germ line. These conserved RNA-binding proteins inhibit expression of target mRNAs, either by repressing translation or promoting degradation. Previous studies showed that PUF-8, a PUF protein with striking similarity to human Pumilio, prevents ret...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0504593102
更新日期:2005-08-02 00:00:00