Abstract：
:The distribution of melatonin was studied at midday and midnight in pigeon plasma, pineal, hypothalamus, eyes, Harderian glands, and duodenum. Tissue samples were homogenized, extracted with chloroform, evaporated, and measured by our melatonin radioimmunoassay (RIA). All the extracts gave dilution curves parallel to that of synthetic melatonin and eluted in reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as synthetic melatonin indicating that the immunoreactivity was due to endogenous melatonin in pigeon tissues. Melatonin was found to be present in pigeon plasma, pineal, hypothalamus, eyes, Harderian glands, and duodenum. In all tissues it had a clear diurnal variation with low levels at midday and high levels at midnight. The highest amounts of melatonin were found in the eyes, duodenum, and the pineal so that extrapineal melatonin exceeded pineal melatonin. Further studies are needed to evaluate the significance of extrapineal melatonin.
journal_name
Gen Comp Endocrinoljournal_title
General and comparative endocrinologyauthors
Vakkuri O,Rintamäki H,Leppäluoto Jdoi
10.1016/0016-6480(85)90136-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-04-01 00:00:00pages
69-75issue
1eissn
0016-6480issn
1095-6840journal_volume
58pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), progesterone, androgens (testosterone + dihydrotestosterone), and 17 beta-estradiol were measured in the plasma of male frogs, Rana esculenta, by radioimmunoassays. Plasma concentrations of PGF2 alpha were higher from October to December and peaked in March (prereproduction) and in...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(91)90307-r
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A tetrapod-like hypothalamo-hypophysial portal system and a persistent bucco-hypophysial canal are present in Megalops cyprinoides. The complicated loops of the primary capillary plexus are seen on the ventral side of the infundibular floor and contact the perikarya of the nucleus lateralis tuberis and the preoptico-h...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(92)90104-r
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The developmental expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRH-R) and its splice variants was examined in the gonads of tammar wallaby pouch young in order to elucidate the functional role of GnRH-R in the developing testis and ovary. Wallaby GnRH-R, like eutherian GnRH-Rs, contains three exons and two ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0016-6480(03)00146-1
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tiger (Panthera tigris) faces a great risk of extinction as its wild numbers have plummeted due to poaching and habitat destruction so ex-situ conservation programs are becoming ever more necessary. Reliable non-invasive biomarkers of the stress hormone (cortisol) are necessary for assessing the health and welfare...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.10.002
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The skin of Xenopus laevis, because of its high concentrations of amidated peptides, is an excellent model for the study of neuropeptide biosynthesis. In this paper we determined levels of the mRNAs which encode cerulin and characterized the enzymatic activity which likely produces the carboxyl terminal alpha-amide mo...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(87)90206-1
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The public deposition of large transcriptome shotgun assembly (TSA) datasets for the Araneae (true spiders) provides a resource for determining the structures of the native neuropeptides present in members of this chelicerate order. Here, the Araneae TSA data were mined for putative peptide-encoding transcripts using ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.02.003
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates aromatase activity of immature rat Sertoli cells cultured in vitro in the presence of an androgen substrate, a phenomenon that can be used to measure FSH bioactivity. This paper analyzes the effects of sera from various animal species on both aromatase activity and morphol...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1994.1106
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that the functional diversity of growth hormone (GH) is related to its molecular complexity. Here we report a characterization of charge and mass variants of chicken growth hormone (cGH) through a variety of electrophoretic systems [nondenaturing (ND-PAGE), denaturing (SDS-PAGE), under reducing a...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(90)90148-f
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.02.010
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concentrations of norepinephrine in hypothalamus and norepinephrine and epinephrine in head kidney were significantly decreased in treated tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) during the time course of cold exposure (12 degrees) as compared to the control (25 degrees). The elevation of norepinephrine and epinephrine in pl...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.2001.7772
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stress-induced inhibition of innate immune activity has been observed in a variety of wild birds and may increase chances of infection because this activity constitutes the first line of defense against pathogens. We previously reported that the transient elevation of plasma corticosterone (CORT; the primary avian glu...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.02.002
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Day length predicts changing of seasons at mid-latitudes, but additional environmental cues (e.g., temperature, rainfall) give more precise information about timing of food peaks critical for offspring survival. We tested the effects of temperature on seasonal reproductive development of male song sparrows (Melospiza ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.03.004
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In our previous in vitro studies, [Ac-delta 3-Pro1, 4FD-Phe2, D-Trp3,6]-mGnRH (analog E) suppressed both gonadotropin-II (GTH-II) and growth hormone (GH) release stimulated by sGnRH and cGnRH-II. In the present study analog E significantly inhibited the increases in plasma GTH-II levels stimulated by sGnRH in sexually...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1994.1199
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three types of cDNA encoding the arginine vasotocin (AVT) receptors from the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster were cloned and the gene expression of each receptor analyzed in the organs and tissues of the newt. The deduced amino acid sequence of one type of AVT receptor, consisting of 418 amino acid residues, showed a high d...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2007.02.002
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myostatin (GDF-8) inhibits the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of myogenic satellite cells. The relative importance of this growth factor is demonstrated in myostatin-null mice and cattle possessing defective myostatin genes. These defects result in greatly enhanced musculature. In the present study, th...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2007.02.006
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of salmon calcitonin (0.25 MRC mU/g body wt) was investigated on the serum calcium and inorganic phosphate levels of the frog. Rana tigrina. The hormone evokes hypocalcemia (on Day 1 and Day 3) which is followed by a significant hypercalcemia on Day 10. Thereafter, the level of calcium decreases again on Da...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(89)90109-3
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In mammals, the rhythmic secretion of melatonin from the pineal gland is driven by the circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. The robust nightly peak of melatonin secretion is an output signal of the circadian clock and is supposed to deliver the circadian message to the whole of the...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.05.013
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Migratory birds undergo metabolic remodeling in tissues, including increased lipid storage in white adipose and fatty acid uptake and oxidation in skeletal muscle, to optimize energy substrate availability and utilization in preparation for long-distance flight. Different tissues undergo gene expression changes in kee...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.08.009
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypothalamic kisspeptin plays a pivotal role in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis by stimulating gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release into the portal circulation, with the subsequent release of gonadotropins. Kisspeptin and its receptor, the kisspeptin 1 receptor (Kiss1R), are also exp...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.01.014
更新日期：2017-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in turkey cerebral cortex were characterized using two approaches: (1) in vitro radioreceptor binding of [125I]-VIP, and (2) effects of peptides from the PACAP/VIP/secretin family on cyclic AMP formation. T...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2004.03.007
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The penultimate instar larvae of Mamestra brassicae have one ecdysteroid peak 2 days after ecdysis which induces larval ecdysis. Allatectomy deleted this peak and caused a larger peak 7 days later just before precocious pupation, in a pattern similar to the ecdysteroid titer of the last instar. Application of juvenile...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(86)90157-7
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myopathies (Woody Breast (WB) and White Striping (WS)) of broiler chickens have been correlated with fast growth. Recent studies reported that localized hypoxia and metabolic impairment may involve in these myopathies of birds. In order to better understand the stress response mechanisms affecting myopathies of broile...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113526
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucocorticoid hormones are important intermediates between an organism and its environment. They enable an organism to adjust its behavioural and physiological processes in response to environmental changes by binding to mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR) expressed in many tissues, inc...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113224
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Androgens take part in the regulation of puberty and promote growth and development. They play their biological role by binding to a specific androgen receptor (AR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of AR mRNA and protein in the pituitary and adrenal glands, to localize AR protein in luteinizing ho...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.03.001
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurotransmitters such as serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) in the central nervous system regulate diverse physiological functions, including reproduction, feeding, learning, and memory, in diverse animal phyla. 5-HT and the 5-HT1 subtype receptor play important roles in sexual maturation and in the initiation of ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.03.001
更新日期：2019-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Pinealectomized and intact chicks raised under cyclic (14L:10D) and noncyclic (OL;24L) conditions of environmental lighting were sampled 60 hr and 6 weeks after pinealectomy to evaluate the effects of pineal ablation on plasma and ocular melatonin concentrations. Little or no immunoreactive melatonin was present in pl...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(85)90114-5
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During metamorphosis, the tadpole neuroendocrine brain is a major target for the organisational effects of hormones acting via both endocrine feedback mechanisms and local hormone production. While the receptor-mediated actions of thyroid hormones in brain development have been well described, there is evidence that t...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2007.02.011
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tadpoles of Rana catesbeiana at TK stages X-XII, about 9 months old, were laparotomized, and the males were implanted intraperitoneally with silastic tubes containing estradiol (E2) for various periods. Male tadpoles implanted with empty tubes served as the controls. Histology, secretions of E2, and testosterone (T) i...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1996.0073
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Birds may react to the presence of humans with an immediate primary behavioural reaction and with physiological responses, such as the activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. This study investigates the suite of behavioural and adrenocortical responses to the presence of humans and to handling in two sub...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2006.02.012
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arginine vasotocin (AVT) and isotocin (IT) are fish nonapeptides synthesized in separate hypothalamic neurons from where they are transported to the neurohypophysis for storage and release into circulation. AVT is known to modulate aggression, courtship and parental care or social communication in many species, includ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.11.022
更新日期：2012-01-15 00:00:00
