Abstract：
:The skin of Xenopus laevis, because of its high concentrations of amidated peptides, is an excellent model for the study of neuropeptide biosynthesis. In this paper we determined levels of the mRNAs which encode cerulin and characterized the enzymatic activity which likely produces the carboxyl terminal alpha-amide moiety of cerulein. This enzyme is stimulated by the addition of CuSO4 and ascorbate and requires the presence of molecular oxygen and is thus similar to the peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) described in mammals. Hybridization analysis showed that three cerulein mRNAs of different molecular sizes are present in varying proportions in the skin of individual frogs. Injection of norepinephrine into the dorsal lymph sac of Xenopus caused immediate secretion and depletion from skin of PAM activity but did not cause a comparable immediate decrease in skin levels of cerulein mRNA or total RNA. By 2 weeks after norepinephrine injection, cerulein mRNA levels increased to fourfold over control levels. By 4 weeks, skin PAM activity was almost restored to control levels.
journal_name
Gen Comp Endocrinoljournal_title
General and comparative endocrinologyauthors
Spindel ER,Eipper BA,Zilberberg MD,Mains RE,Chin WWdoi
10.1016/0016-6480(87)90206-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-07-01 00:00:00pages
67-76issue
1eissn
0016-6480issn
1095-6840journal_volume
67pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Implantation of cortisol pellets in a dorsal lymph sac reduced the frequency with which toads replaced the strata cornea of the epidermis. Except in a few cases, however, the replaced strata cornea were not shed as in a normal moult. The mean interval between replacements of strata cornea rose from about 9-10 days in ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(88)90291-2
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To clarify the physiological roles of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and arginine vasotocin (AVT) on body fluid regulation in amphibians, we measured plasma concentrations of aldosterone (ALDO), angiotensin II (ANG II), and AVT after various osmotic challenges in the marine toad, Bufo marinus (Bufonid...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2004.10.005
更新日期：2005-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Intact White Leghorn chick embryos were treated daily (on Days 6-13) with bovine prolactin (PRL) or ovine growth hormone (GH) at doses of 4-10 micrograms/g embryo wet wt. A control group received an equal volume of avian saline. [Na+] and [Cl-] were determined in allantoic fluid samples taken on Days 10, 12, and 14, a...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(86)90059-6
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopamine (DA) has a pivotal role in avian prolactin (PRL) secretion, acting centrally through D(1) DA receptors to stimulate PRL secretion by operating through vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). DA also inhibits PRL secretion by activating D(2) DA receptors at the pituitary level. This study was designed to investig...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2008.08.002
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuropeptides are ancient endocrine components which have evolved to regulate many aspects of biology across the animal kingdom including behaviour, development and metabolism. To supplement current knowledge, we have utilized a transcriptome series describing larval development in the ornate spiny lobster, Panulirus ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113496
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In fishes, maternal exposure to a stressor can influence offspring size and behavior. However, less is known about how maternal stress influences physiological processes in offspring, such as function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis. We examined the impact of chronic maternal exposure to an acute c...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.12.018
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the gilthead sea bream (Sparus auratus) 17β-estradiol (E₂) plays an important role in the synthesis of vitellogenin. During vitellogenesis, vitellogenin as a nutritional precursor protein is loaded with calcium, which requires elevated plasma calcium levels. This is accomplished via E₂-dependent processes. Reports ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.05.017
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The regulated secretory pathway is a hallmark of endocrine and neuroendocrine cells. This process comprises different sequential steps, including ER-associated protein synthesis, ER-to-Golgi protein transport, Golgi-associated posttranslational modification, sorting and packing of secretory proteins into carrier granu...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.08.017
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Testicular maturation of underyearling precocious male masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) is affected by photoperiod. It is accelerated by a short photoperiod (light-dark cycles of 8:16 h; LD 8:16) and delayed by a long photoperiod (LD 16:8). Circulating melatonin levels are high during the night and low during the day:...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.2000.7547
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Goldfish GH-releasing hormone (gGHRH) has been recently identified and shown to stimulate GH release in goldfish. In goldfish, neuroendocrine regulation of GH release is multifactorial and known stimulators include goldfish ghrelin (gGRLN19) and salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone (sGnRH), factors that also enhance ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.02.037
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Appetite and reproduction are closely related functions that are both regulated by brain hormones. Appetite stimulators include orexin and neuropeptide Y (NPY), and reproductive hormones include gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), kisspeptin, and neurokinin B (NKB). GnRH stim...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.06.011
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and its receptor are essential for reproduction in vertebrates. Although there are three major types of GnRH peptides and two major types of receptors in vertebrates, the pattern of distribution is unusual. Evidence is presented from genome mining that type I GnRHRs are not restri...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.07.025
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neuroendocrine light green cells (LGCs) control body growth and metabolism of the freshwater snail, Lymnaea stagnalis. These cells, located in the cerebral ganglia, use the peripheries of the median lip nerves (MLNs) as the neurohemal area. The LGCs express four members of a gene family encoding the precursors of ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(92)90152-a
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rainbow trout were confined for 48 hr, during which time water quality either was allowed to deteriorate (resulting in elevated NH3, elevated free CO2, and reduced dissolved O2) or was maintained at preconfinement levels. Fish were removed and blood samples taken at 0, 2, 4, 8, 24, and 48 hr after the onset of confine...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(92)90240-k
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gonads are the main source of sex steroids, which have been implicated in the regulation of sexually differentiated behavior, such as reproductive and aggressive displays. In the Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) territorial males have higher androgen levels than non-territorials, express reproductive behav...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.03.018
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a member of the vertebrate insulin/insulin-like growth factor/relaxin gene family necessary for growth, reproduction, and survival at both the cellular and organismal level. Its sequence, protein structure, and function have been characterized in mammals, birds, and fish; howeve...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2012.04.022
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasma prolactin (PRL) and vitellogenin (VTG) concentrations were determined during the annual reproductive cycle of the newt Triturus carnifex Laur. Plasma PRL was measured by a radioimmunoassay using purified newt (Cynops pyrrogaster) PRL as standard and radioligand and its antibodies. Using ELISA, plasma VTG titers...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1994.1132
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The complete amino acid sequences of alpha subunits of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) gonadotropins (GTHs), GTH I and GTH II, were determined. Subunits were separated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Two alpha subunits, I alpha 1 and I alpha 2, were obtained from GTH I, whereas only one alpha...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(90)90047-p
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tardigrades are a key group for understanding the evolution of the Ecdysozoa, a large clade of molting animals that also includes arthropods and nematodes. However, little is known about most aspects of their basic biology. Neuropeptide and peptide hormone signaling has been extensively studied in arthropods and nemat...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.06.012
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growth hormone (GH) regulates essential physiological functions in teleost fishes, including growth, metabolism, and osmoregulation. Recent studies have identified two clades of putative receptors for GH (GHR1 clade and GHR2 clade) in fishes, both of which are highly expressed in the liver. Moreover, the liver is an i...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2012.07.010
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pineal photoreceptor cells produce the neurohormone melatonin, a major "Zeitgeber" of the organism. This compound is involved in the control of development, growth, sexual maturation, and seasonal reproductive cycles. The present study reports that the photosensitive pineal organ and the retina of the trout express a ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1994.1008
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cortisol stress response in juvenile coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, considered as the difference between resting and peak poststress cortisol levels, increased from 80 ng/ml in March to 166 ng/ml in July, the period when smoltification normally occurs. Resting plasma cortisol levels also continually increased ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(85)90406-x
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ontogeny of gonadotropin 1 (GtH1) and 2 (GtH2) cells and its possible link to gonadal sex differentiation were studied in pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis, by immunocytochemistry using anti-chum salmon beta-GtH1 and beta-GtH2 antisera. In adults, GtH1 cells were found in the proximalis pars distalls (PPD) close t...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.2001.7687
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is known that in goldfish Carassius auratus, a non-sex changing fish, prostaglandin (PG) treatment can induce female-typical sex behavior in males, and androgen treatment can induce male-typical sex behavior in females. These facts suggest that goldfish have a sexually bipotential brain even after attaining sexual ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2012.08.022
更新日期：2013-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasma aldosterone concentrations were markedly elevated in chickens by the removal of 10-30% of their total blood volume. This aldosterone response to haemorrhage was delayed and of reduced magnitude in birds pretreated for 48 hr with dexamethasone (100 micrograms/kg every 12 hr), in which the basal aldosterone level...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(85)90315-6
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The maternal control directing the very first hours of life is of pivotal importance for ensuring proper development to the growing embryo. Thanks to the finely regulated inheritance of maternal factors including mRNAs and proteins produced during oogenesis and stored into the mature oocyte, the embryo is sustained th...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.03.028
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In female Paratelphusa, there appear to be two alternating dominant physiological tendencies, one biased in favor of reproductive (ovarian) growth and another biased in favor of somatic (regenerative) growth. Multiple limb autotomy (MA), long known to stimulate somatic growth, did so only if the crab was physiological...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(84)90086-8
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The kisspeptin system is now accepted as a key regulator of vertebrate reproductive function, particularly the onset of puberty. In teleosts, the stimulatory effect of exogenous kisspeptins has been demonstrated mainly at the hypothalamic and pituitary levels of the reproductive axis, with very limited information per...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.06.005
更新日期：2013-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The messenger RNA expression for the inhibin/activin subunits in the granulosa layer of avian follicles of different developmental stages has previously been reported. In the present study, we examined the pattern of secretion of these protein subunits from cultured granulosa cells (GC) of avian follicles of defined m...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.01.006
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growing evidence shows that sex steroids not only act within the individual whose glands produce them; they can also act on proximate conspecifics. Previous studies show that exogenous 17β-estradiol (E2) can be absorbed both nasally and percutaneously, arriving in blood, neural, reproductive, and peripheral tissues. W...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113321
更新日期：2020-01-15 00:00:00
