Sequence polymorphism of HLA DR beta 1 alleles relating to T-cell-recognized determinants.

abstract：:Germ cells must develop along distinct male or female paths to produce the sperm or eggs required for sexual reproduction. In both mouse and Drosophila, the sexual identity of germ cells is influenced by the sex of the surrounding somatic tissue (for example, refs 1, 2, reviewed in refs 3, 4); however, little is known...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wawersik M,Milutinovich A,Casper AL,Matunis E,Williams B,Van Doren M

更新日期：2005-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Any polarizable body placed in an inhomogeneous electric field experiences a dielectric force. This phenomenon is well known from the macroscopic world: a water jet is deflected when approached by a charged object. This fundamental mechanism is exploited in a variety of contexts-for example, trapping microscopic parti...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Unterreithmeier QP,Weig EM,Kotthaus JP

更新日期：2009-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Regular mesoporous oxide materials have been widely studied and have a range of potential applications, such as catalysis, absorption and separation. They are not generally considered for their optical and electronic properties. Elemental semiconductors with nanopores running through them represent a different form of...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Armatas GS,Kanatzidis MG

更新日期：2006-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Genomic imprinting is an allele-specific gene expression system that is important for mammalian development and function. The molecular basis of genomic imprinting is allele-specific DNA methylation. Although it is well known that the de novo DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are responsible for the establishme...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yamaguchi S,Shen L,Liu Y,Sendler D,Zhang Y

更新日期：2013-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Signals elicited by binding of the T-cell antigen receptor and the CD4/CD8 co-receptor to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules control the generation of CD4+ (helper) or CD8+ (cytotoxic) T cells from thymic precursors that initially express both co-receptor proteins. These precursors have unique, clonally ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yasutomo K,Doyle C,Miele L,Fuchs C,Germain RN

更新日期：2000-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Transfer RNA nucleotidyltransferases (CCA-adding enzymes) are responsible for the maturation or repair of the functional 3' end of tRNAs by means of the addition of the essential nucleotides CCA. However, it is unclear how tRNA nucleotidyltransferases polymerize CCA onto the 3' terminus of immature tRNAs without using...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Xiong Y,Steitz TA

更新日期：2004-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The quantum spin properties of nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamond enable diverse applications in quantum computing and communications1. However, fluorescent nanodiamonds also have attractive properties for in vitro biosensing, including brightness2, low cost3 and selective manipulation of their emission4. Nanoparticl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Miller BS,Bezinge L,Gliddon HD,Huang D,Dold G,Gray ER,Heaney J,Dobson PJ,Nastouli E,Morton JJL,McKendry RA

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A product encoded at the claret locus in Drosophila is needed for normal chromosome segregation in meiosis in females and in early mitotic divisions of the embryo. The predicted amino-acid sequence of the segregation protein was shown recently to be strikingly similar to Drosophila kinesin heavy chain. We have express...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Walker RA,Salmon ED,Endow SA

更新日期：1990-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:P2Y receptors (P2YRs), a family of purinergic G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are activated by extracellular nucleotides. There are a total of eight distinct functional P2YRs expressed in human, which are subdivided into P2Y1-like receptors and P2Y12-like receptors. Their ligands are generally charged molecules w...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang K,Zhang J,Gao ZG,Zhang D,Zhu L,Han GW,Moss SM,Paoletta S,Kiselev E,Lu W,Fenalti G,Zhang W,Müller CE,Yang H,Jiang H,Cherezov V,Katritch V,Jacobson KA,Stevens RC,Wu B,Zhao Q

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deoxygenated sickle haemoglobin polymerizes into long 210-A diameter fibres that distort and decrease the deformability of red blood cells, and cause sickle cell disease. The fibres consist of seven intertwined double strands. They can form birefringent nematic liquid crystals (tactoids) and spherulites. Rheologically...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Samuel RE,Salmon ED,Briehl RW

更新日期：1990-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Only three elements are ferromagnetic at room temperature: the transition metals iron, cobalt and nickel. The Stoner criterion explains why iron is ferromagnetic but manganese, for example, is not, even though both elements have an unfilled 3d shell and are adjacent in the periodic table: according to this criterion, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ma'Mari FA,Moorsom T,Teobaldi G,Deacon W,Prokscha T,Luetkens H,Lee S,Sterbinsky GE,Arena DA,MacLaren DA,Flokstra M,Ali M,Wheeler MC,Burnell G,Hickey BJ,Cespedes O

更新日期：2015-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent work has identified a neuron with widespread projections to odour processing regions of the honeybee brain whose activity represents the reward value of gustatory stimuli. We have constructed a model of bee foraging in uncertain environments based on this type of neuron and a predictive form of hebbian synaptic...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Montague PR,Dayan P,Person C,Sejnowski TJ

更新日期：1995-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The seemingly endless studies of the ethical connotations of genetics serve a valuable role in general understanding even if the ethical problems involved are often insubstantial. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors：

更新日期：1992-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutational activation of BRAF is the most prevalent genetic alteration in human melanoma, with ≥50% of tumours expressing the BRAF(V600E) oncoprotein. Moreover, the marked tumour regression and improved survival of late-stage BRAF-mutated melanoma patients in response to treatment with vemurafenib demonstrates the ess...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Das Thakur M,Salangsang F,Landman AS,Sellers WR,Pryer NK,Levesque MP,Dummer R,McMahon M,Stuart DD

更新日期：2013-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ainsworth C

更新日期：2017-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:In Drosophila, Decapentaplegic (Dpp) and Wingless (Wg) are two secreted signalling proteins of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and Wnt families, respectively. Although both are often required during development, only a few downstream components of these signalling pathways have been described. Here we presen...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mann RS,Abu-Shaar M

更新日期：1996-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The nature and length scales of charge screening in complex oxides are fundamental to a wide range of systems, spanning ceramic voltage-dependent resistors (varistors), oxide tunnel junctions and charge ordering in mixed-valence compounds. There are wide variations in the degree of charge disproportionation, length sc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ohtomo A,Muller DA,Grazul JL,Hwang HY

更新日期：2002-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Apffel B,Novkoski F,Eddi A,Fort E

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Drosophila, the establishment of regional commitments along most of the anterior/posterior axis of the developing embryo depends on two clusters of homeotic genes: the Antennapedia complex (ANT-C) and the bithorax complex (BX-C). The red flour beetle has a single complex (HOM-C) representing the homologues of the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stuart JJ,Brown SJ,Beeman RW,Denell RE

更新日期：1991-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The Earth's equatorial stratosphere shows oscillations in which the east-west winds reverse direction and the temperatures change cyclically with a period of about two years. This phenomenon, called the quasi-biennial oscillation, also affects the dynamics of the mid- and high-latitude stratosphere and weather in the ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Flasar FM,Kunde VG,Achterberg RK,Conrath BJ,Simon-Miller AA,Nixon CA,Gierasch PJ,Romani PN,Bézard B,Irwin P,Bjoraker GL,Brasunas JC,Jennings DE,Pearl JC,Smith MD,Orton GS,Spilker LJ,Carlson R,Calcutt SB,Read PL,Ta

更新日期：2004-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:There seems a real prospect that one of the infectious scourges of the past half century will not persist much beyond the present century, but polio will be only the second infection of human beings to be eradicated. Many more remain. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors：

更新日期：1995-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:To identify cis-acting DNA elements involved in the activation of the alpha-fetoprotein gene during differentiation, modified copies of the gene were introduced into murine F9 embryonal carcinoma cells. The differentiation of the transformants to either parietal or visceral endoderm was accompanied by induction of the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Scott RW,Vogt TF,Croke ME,Tilghman SM

更新日期：1984-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Microscopic diamond was recently discovered in oxidized acid residues from several carbonaceous chondrite meteorites (for example, the C delta component of the Allende meteorite). Some of the reported properties of C delta seem in conflict with those expected of diamond. Here we present high spatial resolution analy...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Blake DF,Freund F,Krishnan KF,Echer CJ,Shipp R,Bunch TE,Tielens AG,Lipari RJ,Hetherington CJ,Chang S

更新日期：1988-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The resemblance of the orbitally filtered isotope signal from the past 340 kyr in Antarctic ice cores to Northern Hemisphere summer insolation intensity has been used to suggest that the northern hemisphere may drive orbital-scale global climate changes. A recent Letter by Laepple et al. suggests that, contrary to thi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sime LC,Wolff EW

更新日期：2011-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Helminth parasitic infections are a major global health and social burden. The host defence against helminths such as Nippostrongylus brasiliensis is orchestrated by type 2 cell-mediated immunity. Induction of type 2 cytokines, including interleukins (IL) IL-4 and IL-13, induce goblet cell hyperplasia with mucus produ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gerbe F,Sidot E,Smyth DJ,Ohmoto M,Matsumoto I,Dardalhon V,Cesses P,Garnier L,Pouzolles M,Brulin B,Bruschi M,Harcus Y,Zimmermann VS,Taylor N,Maizels RM,Jay P

更新日期：2016-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Werner's syndrome (WS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease in which the affected individuals display symptoms of premature ageing. The substantial phenotypic overlap between WS and normal ageing indicates that these two conditions may have pathogenetic mechanisms in common. The WS mutation has pleiotropic effects, a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Goto M,Rubenstein M,Weber J,Woods K,Drayna D

更新日期：1992-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:High-temperature superconductivity is achieved by doping copper oxide insulators with charge carriers. The density of carriers in conducting materials can be determined from measurements of the Hall voltage--the voltage transverse to the flow of the electrical current that is proportional to an applied magnetic field....

journal_title：Nature

authors： Balakirev FF,Betts JB,Migliori A,Ono S,Ando Y,Boebinger GS

更新日期：2003-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The nature of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) at energies >10(20) eV remains a mystery. They are likely to be of extragalactic origin, but should be absorbed within approximately 50 Mpc through interactions with the cosmic microwave background. As there are no sufficiently powerful accelerators within this dista...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Falcke H,Apel WD,Badea AF,Bähren L,Bekk K,Bercuci A,Bertaina M,Biermann PL,Blümer J,Bozdog H,Brancus IM,Buitink S,Brüggemann M,Buchholz P,Butcher H,Chiavassa A,Daumiller K,de Bruyn AG,de Vos CM,Di Pierro F,Doll P

更新日期：2005-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Refractoriness to induction chemotherapy and relapse after achievement of remission are the main obstacles to cure in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). After standard induction chemotherapy, patients are assigned to different post-remission strategies on the basis of cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities that broadly d...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ng SW,Mitchell A,Kennedy JA,Chen WC,McLeod J,Ibrahimova N,Arruda A,Popescu A,Gupta V,Schimmer AD,Schuh AC,Yee KW,Bullinger L,Herold T,Görlich D,Büchner T,Hiddemann W,Berdel WE,Wörmann B,Cheok M,Preudhomme C,Domb

更新日期：2016-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the first aeroplane flight more than 100 years ago, aeroplanes have been propelled using moving surfaces such as propellers and turbines. Most have been powered by fossil-fuel combustion. Electroaerodynamics, in which electrical forces accelerate ions in a fluid1,2, has been proposed as an alternative method of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Xu H,He Y,Strobel KL,Gilmore CK,Kelley SP,Hennick CC,Sebastian T,Woolston MR,Perreault DJ,Barrett SRH

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00