Abstract：
:The composition, insertion, and turnover of externally disposed proteins on the macrophage plasma membrane were analyzed. Cells labeled with [35S]methionine were incubated with the nonpermeant reagent trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid to introduce the trinitrophenyl moiety on free amino groups of externally oriented membrane proteins. The cells were then incubated with rabbit anti-dinitrophenyl IgG and the immune complexes formed with the trinitrophenyl-proteins were isolated from detergent lysates of the cells by using fixed Staphylococcus aureus as the immunoadsorbent. Proteins isolated by this method were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The interval between the release of newly synthesized proteins from ribosomes and their appearance at the cell surface, where they became accessible to trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid, was studied in pulse-chase experiments. The "transit" time of four major membrane glycoproteins (48,000--310,000 Mr) ranged from 36 to 55 min and their appearance on the cell surface occurred in a relatively synchronous fashion. The turnover of most proteins of molecular weight above 50,000 was very slow (t1/2 greater than 80 hr) and was rather synchronous. Two exceptions were the 310,000 Mr protein, which was lost with a t1/2 = 21 hr, and a major glycoprotein (Mr 48,000), which exhibited more complex kinetics. Although the overall turnover of surface proteins was biphasic in nature, the rapid phase of protein loss was largely due to low molecular weight species.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Kaplan G,Unkeless JC,Cohn ZAdoi
10.1073/pnas.76.8.3824subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1979-08-01 00:00:00pages
3824-8issue
8eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The three most common methods of sterilization in use today are ethylene oxide exposure, gamma-irradiation, and steam sterilization. Each of these methods has serious limitations for the sterilization of some materials used in medicine, especially thermally and hydrolytically sensitive polymers by themselves and in co...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.96.18.10344
更新日期：1999-08-31 00:00:00
abstract：:ATP-dependent DNA supercoiling catalyzed by Escherichia coli DNA gyrase was inhibited by oxolinic acid, a compound similar to but more potent than nalidixic acid and a known inhibitor of DNA replication in E. coli. The supercoiling activity of DNA gyrase purified from nalidixic acid-resistant mutant (nalA(R)) bacteria...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.74.11.4772
更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) 1 protein plays important roles in moving cholesterol and other lipids out of late endosomes by means of vesicular trafficking, but it is not known whether NPC1 directly interacts with cholesterol. We performed photoaffinity labeling of intact cells expressing fluorescent protein (FP)-tagged ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0405255101
更新日期：2004-08-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Gene expression in higher organisms is thought to be regulated by a complex network of transcription factor binding and chromatin modifications, yet the relative importance of these two factors remains a matter of debate. Here, we show that a computational approach allows surprisingly accurate prediction of histone mo...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1412081111
更新日期：2014-09-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The most frequent form of inherited amyloidoses is associated with mutations in the transthyretin (TTR) gene coding for 127-amino acid residues of four identical, noncovalently linked subunits that form a pair of dimers in the plasma protein complex. Amyloid fibrils containing the variant and to a lesser extent the wi...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.93.13.6302
更新日期：1996-06-25 00:00:00
abstract：:High-resolution examination of pulse sequences generated by single visual cortex cells of the rhesus monkey in response to precisely controlled visual stimuli has disclosed (i) that the outputs of such neurons contain highly improbable (P less than 10(-7) numbers of identical triplets of precisely repeating pulse patt...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.83.24.9812
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To elucidate the function of the two nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors, p75NGFR and p140trk, chimeric molecules were constructed of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and NGF receptors. Rat PC12 pheochromocytoma cells transiently transfected with TNF-p140trk chimeras, which contain the extracellular domain of TNF receptor ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.90.18.8717
更新日期：1993-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Reduced intake of nutrients [calorie restriction (CR)] extends longevity in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals. Mutations affecting somatotropic, insulin, or homologous signaling pathways can increase life span in worms, flies, and mice, and there is considerable evidence that reduced secretion of insulin-like gr...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0600161103
更新日期：2006-05-16 00:00:00
abstract：:We have established a transformation system for Dictyostelium discoideum. The transformation vector contains the protein coding region of the Tn5 neomycin resistance gene fused to the proposed promoter of the Dictyostelium actin 8 gene; the vector also contains a sequence that acts as an autonomously replicating seque...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.79.23.7356
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the mechanisms by which compounds discovered using cell-based phenotypic screening strategies might exert their effects would be highly augmented by new approaches exploring their potential interactions with the genome. For example, altered androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional programs, including castr...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1404303111
更新日期：2014-06-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The specific nucleocytoplasmic compartmentalization of proteins has been examined for some major soluble acidic nuclear proteins in oocytes of different amphibia. Proteins synthesized and radioactively labeled by translation in vitro, by using mRNA from ovaries of the frog Xenopus laevis, were injected into the cytopl...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.79.17.5302
更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activity of Drosophila melanogaster DNA polymerase alpha on DNA-primed single-stranded DNA templates has been examined. The DNA templates contain a 1471-nucleotide sequence from the heavy-strand origin region of mouse mtDNA inserted into the single-stranded bacteriophage vector M13Gori1. Preferred sites for pausin...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.79.4.983
更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The probability of choosing an alternative in a long sequence of repeated choices is proportional to the total reward derived from that alternative, a phenomenon known as Herrnstein's matching law. This behavior is remarkably conserved across species and experimental conditions, but its underlying neural mechanisms st...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0505220103
更新日期：2006-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：:These experiments investigate the capacity of thalamic and cortical structures in a sensory system to process information of a modality normally associated with another system. Retinal ganglion cells in newborn Syrian hamsters were made to project permanently to the main thalamic somatosensory (ventrobasal) nucleus. W...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.86.1.357
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four cell types from Vicia faba Linnaeus "Long Pod" leaflets were assayed for three enzymes unique to the photosynthetic carbon reduction pathway. The enzymes were ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase [3-phospho-D-glycerate carboxy-lyase (dimerizing), EC 4.1.1.39], phosphoribulokinase (ATP:D-ribulose-5-phosphate 1-phospho...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.76.12.6371
更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Design and synthesis of 3D metallic carbon that is stable under ambient conditions has been a long-standing dream. We predict the existence of such phases, T6- and T14-carbon, consisting of interlocking hexagons. Their dynamic, mechanical, and thermal stabilities are confirmed by carrying out a variety of state-of-the...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1311028110
更新日期：2013-11-19 00:00:00
abstract：:In making sense of the visual world, the brain's processing is driven by two factors: the physical information provided by the eyes ("bottom-up" data) and the expectancies driven by past experience ("top-down" influences). We use degraded stimuli to tease apart the effects of bottom-up and top-down processes because t...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1111224109
更新日期：2012-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A distinct phosphodiesterasic activity (EC 3.1.4) was found in both mono- and dicotyledonous plants that catalyzes the hydrolytic breakdown of ADPglucose (ADPG) to produce equimolar amounts of glucose-1-phosphate and AMP. The enzyme responsible for this activity, referred to as ADPG pyrophosphatase (AGPPase), was puri...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.120168097
更新日期：2000-07-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Absolute pitch (AP) is the rare ability to identify the pitch of a tone without the aid of a reference tone. Understanding both the nature and genesis of AP can provide insights into neuroplasticity in the auditory system. We explored factors that may influence the accuracy of pitch perception in AP subjects both duri...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0703868104
更新日期：2007-09-11 00:00:00
abstract：:High-resolution crystal structures of editing complexes of both duplex and single-stranded DNA bound to Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I large fragment (Klenow fragment) show four nucleotides of single-stranded DNA bound to the 3'-5' exonuclease active site and extending toward the polymerase active site. Melting of ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.85.23.8924
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The regulation of glycogen metabolism is critical for the maintenance of glucose and energy homeostasis in mammals. Glycogen synthase, the enzyme responsible for glycogen production, is regulated by multisite phosphorylation in yeast and mammals. We have previously identified PAS kinase as a physiological regulator of...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0508481102
更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We have identified a protein present only in erythroid cells that binds to two adjacent sites within an enhancer region of the chicken beta-globin locus. Mutation of the sites, so that binding by the factor can no longer be detected in vitro, leads to a loss of enhancing ability, assayed by transient expression in pri...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.85.16.5976
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The heterodimeric antimicrobial peptide distinctin is composed of 2 linear peptide chains of 22- and 25-aa residues that are connected by a single intermolecular S-S bond. This heterodimer has been considered to be a unique example of a previously unrecorded class of bioactive peptides. Here the 2 distinctin chains we...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0905069106
更新日期：2009-09-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Research on global patterns of diversity has been dominated by studies seeking explanations for the equator-to-poles decline in richness of most groups of organisms, namely the latitudinal diversity gradient. A problem with this gradient is that it conflates two key explanations, namely biome stability (age and area) ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1915646117
更新日期：2020-08-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Highly purified RNA polymerase II was found to be able to weakly recognize the initiator (Inr) present in the adenovirus IVa2 and major late promoters. The association of RNA polymerase II with the Inr was enhanced by the general transcription factors. The Inr was capable of directing the formation of a DNA-protein co...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.88.18.8052
更新日期：1991-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders are associated with the cytoplasmic aggregation of microtubule-associated protein tau. Recent evidence supports transcellular transfer of tau misfolding (seeding) as the mechanism of spread within an affected brain, a process reminiscent of viral infection...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1607215114
更新日期：2017-01-17 00:00:00
abstract：:A solid-phase immunoadsorbent capable of binding mouse interferon has been prepared. Starting from crude tissue-culture material, interferon could be purified 1990 times in a single step of affinity chromatography. Overall recovery ranged from 55 to 103% with tissue culture and mouse-brain interferon; however, only 5%...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.70.4.1037
更新日期：1973-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The flow orientation of anisotropic particles through narrow channels is of importance in many fields, ranging from the spinning and molding of fibers to the flow of cells and proteins through thin capillaries. It is commonly assumed that anisotropic particles align parallel to the flow direction. When flowing through...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1219340110
更新日期：2013-04-23 00:00:00
abstract：:A census of the biomass on Earth is key for understanding the structure and dynamics of the biosphere. However, a global, quantitative view of how the biomass of different taxa compare with one another is still lacking. Here, we assemble the overall biomass composition of the biosphere, establishing a census of the ≈5...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1711842115
更新日期：2018-06-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The thymic microenvironment involves complex cell interactions among different types of epithelial cells, macrophages, tissue histiocytes, and immature and maturing T cells. We describe the isolation of a subset of thymic epithelial cells by selective primary culture followed by cotransfection with a simian virus 40 r...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.84.14.4999
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
