Abstract：
:Previous investigations have suggested that the dorsolateral pontine tegmentum (DLP) may be part of a system essential for classical conditioning of the nictitating membrane response. The present study examined CR-related firing patterns of extracellularly-recorded single units in the DLP. Differential conditioning, using tonal CSs and periocular electrostimulation as the US, was employed so that firing patterns on CR and non-CR trials could be compared. Cells that exhibited CR-related increases in firing (excitatory cells) were found in reticular formation surrounding the motor trigeminal nucleus (zone h), including the supra-trigeminal region, and in a region dorsal and dorsomedial to the brachium conjunctivum. Cells that exhibited CR-related decreases in firing (inhibitory cells) were observed in subcoeruleus/medial parabrachial regions and dorsal nucleus reticularis pontis oralis and caudalis. A third class of cells (temporal cells) exhibited CR-related shifts in the temporal distribution of spikes; these cells were located in various brain stem regions. The firing of many of the excitatory, inhibitory, and temporal cells preceded the behavioral CR by an amount of time sufficient for causal involvement. In light of evidence indicating that the cerebellum is critically involved in conditioning, the present study suggests that two systems, the cerebellum and the DLP, may be in control of CRs. The relationship of the two systems and their possible roles in conditioning are discussed.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Desmond JE,Moore JWdoi
10.1007/BF00243830subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-01-01 00:00:00pages
59-74issue
1eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In earlier studies the tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative N-methyl-norsalsolinol (2-MDTIQ) was discovered in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid and brain of patients with Parkinson's disease. To establish whether 2-MDTIQ is toxic to the dopaminergic system, 2-MDTIQ or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) were stereotactically injected i...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00227181
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pain catastrophizing has been associated with phantom limb pain, but so far the cortical processes and the brain regions involved in this relationship have not been investigated. It was therefore tested whether catastrophizing was related to (1) spontaneous pain, (2) somatosensory activity and (3) cortical responses i...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-012-3027-6
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Percutaneous electrical stimulation of the motor cortex was used to activate rapidly conducting corticofugal pathways to human abdominal muscles. Following cortical stimulation the response latencies for the abdominal muscles were similar to those for limb muscles which are a similar distance from the motor cortex. Co...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228901
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution and morphology of developing corpus callosum (CC) axons in rat visual cortex was studied by unilateral application of the in vivo anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) to the visual or auditory cortex of newborns through adults. Changes in the distribution and morphology of CC axons duri...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210000576
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined whether brain responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) would be amenable to classical conditioning. Motor cortex in human participants was stimulated with TMS pulses, which elicited a peripheral motor response in the form of a motor evoked potential (MEP). The TMS pulses were paired wit...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-007-1052-7
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigate the contribution of both hemispheres in a lateralised lexical decision paradigm with emotional and neutral words in healthy volunteers. In a first experiment, high-density EEG analysis using source imaging methods revealed early specific participation of the temporoparietal junctions (TPJ) in both hemis...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00221-014-3843-y
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The reduction in saccade latency when the fixation point is removed (fixation offset effect-FOE) reflects the degree to which fixation neurons are under influence by a stimulus at fixation. Strategic manipulations of oculomotor readiness that bring these neurons under endogenous control reduce the magnitude of the FOE...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-008-1655-7
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies reported that the activity of trigeminal motoneurons innervating masseter muscles is modulated by vestibular inputs. We performed the present study to provide an anatomical substrate for these physiological observations. The transynaptic retrograde tracer pseudorabies virus-Bartha was injected into mu...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-005-0275-8
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we examined the relationship between a measure of cerebral lateralization--differences in tympanic temperature (T(Ty))--and questionnaire measures of inattentiveness and hyperactivity in both people and dogs. Theories of cerebral lateralization indicate that cerebral asymmetry may improve attentive beha...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-012-3093-9
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary somatosensory cortex (S1) is known to rapidly adapt to task demands and to intermodal information (e.g. from vision). Here, we show that also intramodal information (i.e. posture) can affect tactile attentional selection processes and the intermodal effects of vision on those processes at S1 stages of processi...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00221-012-3171-z
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Correlations between pairs of spontaneous climbing fiber responses (CFRs) recorded from couples of nearby Purkinje cells (PCs) were studied in immature rats by using cross-correlograms between CFR pairs, and compaired to those in adult animals. Correlations were found as early as day 3. Some days later, on PN days 7--...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00236821
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Absolute refractory periods of a subpopulation of corticomedial amygdala (CMA) neurones which project to the medial preoptic/anterior hypothalamic junction (MPH) via the stria terminalis were recorded in the female rat. Previous experiments have shown that this sub-population of CMA neurones is testosterone-sensitive ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00236571
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies showed that changing forces of gravity as they typically occur during parabolic flights might be responsible for adaptional processes of the CNS. However, until now it has not been differentiated between primary influences of weightlessness and secondary influences due to psycho-physiological factors ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-007-1187-6
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spatial and temporal coupling between the hands is known to be very robust during movements which use homologous muscles (in-phase or symmetric movements). In contrast, movements using nonhomologous muscles (antiphase or asymmetric movements) are less stable and exhibit a tendency to undergo a phase transition to ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-003-1496-3
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heparin affin regulatory peptide (HARP), also known as pleiotrophin or heparin-binding growth-associated molecule, is a developmentally regulated extracellular matrix protein that induces cell proliferation and promotes neurite outgrowth in vitro as well as pre- and postsynaptic developmental differentiation in vivo. ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210000536
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Push-pull cannulae were inserted into both medial and lateral banks of the suprasylvian sulcus and used for local perfusion with artificial extracellular fluid (aECF). Electrical stimulations of regions of cortex projecting to the lateral suprasylvian area (LSA) were accompanied by enhanced levels of release of excita...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00235323
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The startle reaction (SR) is usually understood as an involuntary reaction to an unexpected sensory input. However, there is evidence that the mechanisms involved in the SR contribute also to the execution of actions that we consider voluntary. We need to exert a fine control of the motor output, which usually involve...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00221-008-1402-0
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Could task performance be constrained by our ability to fully engage necessary neural processing through effort of will? The StartReact phenomenon suggests that this might be the case, as voluntary reaction times are substantially reduced by loud sounds. Here, we show that loud auditory stimulation can also be associa...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-010-2474-1
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thaw-mount autoradiography was used to map target neurons for tritiated steroids in the brains of ovariectomized rhesus monkeys. In five females, studies were performed 60 min after the administration of 3H-estradiol. Of these, two females were pretreated for five days with daily injections of 2 mg testosterone propio...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00235647
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of single joint displacement on the pattern of leg muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity during locomotion. For the first time, unilateral rotational hip or knee joint displacements were applied by a driven orthotic device at three phases of swing during locomotion...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-004-1904-3
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The insula is a region that integrates interoception and drug urges, but little is known about its role in behavioral addiction such as internet addiction. We investigated insula-based functional connectivity in participants with internet gaming disorder (IGD) and healthy controls (HC) using resting-state functional M...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-016-4659-8
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracellular recordings from thalamic neurons receiving cerebellar inputs were performed under urethane anesthesia in the rat. A total of 64 neurons were recorded intracellularly with micropipettes filled with 4% biocytin solution (dissolved in 0.5 M K-acetate), and cerebellar-induced EPSPs (CN-EPSPs), the membrane r...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00231841
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the characteristics of postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) produced in antidromically-identified medical gastrocnemius (MG) alpha-motoneurons by electrical stimulation of low threshold (less than 3 x T) distal limb cutaneous afferents in the sural (SUR) nerve in adult cats anesthetized with alpha-chloralose, to...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00235772
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Familiarity with the visual environment affects our expectations about the objects in a scene, aiding in recognition and interaction. Here we tested whether the familiarity with the specific trajectory followed by a moving target facilitates the interpretation of the effects of underlying physical forces. Participants...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-014-4050-6
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Earlier studies have suggested an impairment in the attention and eye movement control of children with ADHD. An important phenomenon in the control of attentional shifts and eye movements is the inhibition of return (IOR), which states that our brain works in a way that prevents our attention from returning to a spat...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-002-1362-8
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Successfully picking up and handling objects requires taking into account their physical properties (e.g., material) and position relative to the body. Such features are often inferred by sight, but it remains unclear to what extent observers vary their actions depending on the perceived properties. To investigate thi...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-016-4631-7
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The acute and subacute effects of intracerebroventricularly (ICV) administered nerve growth factor (NGF) or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on locomotor activity were evaluated in awake adult rats. Immediately after ICV injection through an implanted cannula, locomotor activity was measured by a computerized ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/pl00005759
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Scientific interest has increased the influence of temperature in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, and according to the monoamine hypothesis, depression is a neurochemical disorder arising from hypofunctioning of brain monoamine systems. Here, in vivo flow-oxymetry is applied to verify relationships betwee...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-013-3443-2
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:3,4-Methylene-dioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA, 'ecstasy') has a broad spectrum of molecular targets in the brain, among them receptors and transporters of the serotonergic (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and noradrenergic systems. Its action on the serotonergic system modulates motor systems in rodents and humans. Althoug...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-014-4095-6
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four experiments were performed with macaque monkeys (rhesus, Macaca mulatta, and cynomolgus, M. fascicularis). In experiment 1 six rhesus monkeys learned pre-operatively to perform delayed matching-to-sample, with complex naturalistic scenes as the stimulus material. Three of these monkeys then received bilateral abl...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228977
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
