Abstract：
:Rats were tested in the elevated plus-maze test of anxiety after a probe injection of chlordiazepoxide (CDP 5 mg/kg) following short-term (5 days) or long-term (20 days) pretreatment with 5 or 20 mg/kg/day. After short-term pretreatment with either dose, the probe dose had anxiolytic effects (it increased the % number of entries, and % of time spent, on the open arms). After long-term pretreatment with either dose of CDP there was tolerance to these effects. When the rats were tested 24 hours after their last dose of CDP, there was no indication of spontaneous withdrawal responses in the rats from the short-term pretreatment groups, but the rats in the long-term pretreatment groups showed increased anxiety (decreases in the % number of entries, and the % of time spent, on the open arms, compared with controls). These results support suggestions that the development of tolerance and the incidence of withdrawal anxiety may both be manifestations of the underlying changes occurring during drug dependence.
journal_name
Brain Res Bulljournal_title
Brain research bulletinauthors
File SE,Baldwin HA,Aranko Kdoi
10.1016/0361-9230(87)90079-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-11-01 00:00:00pages
607-10issue
5eissn
0361-9230issn
1873-2747pii
0361-9230(87)90079-7journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Several lines of evidence have established that performance during the initial steps of acquisition on a shuttle-box avoidance task is an anxiety-mediated behavior (i.e., the differences between strains selectivity bred for emotionality; the effects of postnatal handling; the course of the corticosterone response and ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(91)90205-x
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of calmodulin (CaM) in organelle motility (fast axonal transport) in the axoplasm of the squid giant axon was evaluated directly using video-enhanced microscopy. Addition of 6 microM CaM to extruded squid axoplasm produced a 2.6-fold increase in the number of organelles moving per minute per unit area of axop...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(94)00256-8
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the huge economic and social impact and the predicted incidence increase, neuroprotection for ischemic stroke remains as a therapeutically empty niche. In the present study, we investigated the rationale of the C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) treatment on global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in gerbils. We ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2011.05.016
更新日期：2011-08-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The uptake of 3H-2-deoxyglucose (3H-2-DG) in selected brain structures was determined subsequent to electrical stimulation of insular cortex (Ins) and the mediodorsal (MD) nucleus of the thalamus in rabbits. Stimulation of Ins elicited parasympathetic-like responding (i.e., bradycardia and depressor responses); wherea...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(87)90148-1
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were predominantly fed either a high-fat or a high-carbohydrate (CHO) diet. For designated 2-day periods, their diets were switched. After baseline measurements of food and water intake, the rats were made diabetic by injections of either 40 or 46-50 mg/kg streptozotocin. Food and wa...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(86)90100-0
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study analyzed the projection neurons of the anterior subdivision of the rat basolateral amygdaloid nucleus (BLa) by correlating the morphology of Golgi-stained neurons with the morphology of neurons that were retrogradely labeled by injections into the main terminal fields of BLa. In each animal multiple injecti...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(92)90177-y
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phase and amplitude depth profiles of EEG theta-like activity (TLA) induced by bath perfusion of 50 micro M of the cholinergic agonist carbachol were investigated using rat hippocampal formation slices. The data showed that the amplitude and phase of laminar profiles of TLA recorded in vitro were the same as the type ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00827-4
更新日期：2002-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Administration of methionine enkephalin (ICV) to rats for 5 days resulted in the development of physical dependence as exemplified by a hypothermic response which peaked 2-8 hours after initiation of withdrawal. Twenty-four hours post-withdrawal, opioid receptor binding was determined in the striatum using a selective...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(86)90123-1
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years, increasing number of data indicate that cerebral structures exert a direct, pituitary-independent, neural regulatory action on the endocrine glands. In addition, both experimental and clinical observations indicate functional asymmetry of the control system. Therefore, the objective of the present stu...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00337-3
更新日期：2000-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The neuronal networks of the frontal lobe that represent motor or executive memories are probably the same networks that cooperate with other cerebral structures in the temporal organization of behavior. The prefrontal cortex, at the top of the perception-action cycle, plays a critical role in the mediation of conting...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(99)00258-0
更新日期：2000-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last 15 years, many publications described the use of peptide sequences that have been dubbed cell penetrating peptides (CPP), Trojan Horse peptides, protein transduction domains, or membrane-translocating sequences. These mostly positively charged domains bring attached cargo across biological membranes. One...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.08.015
更新日期：2005-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Statins are cholesterol lowering drugs that decrease the risk of cardiovascular events, but they are related with a few unfavorable symptoms in skeletal muscle including myopathy, and mild to moderate fatigue. Additionally, there has been discrepancies about the impacts of statins on brain and cognition. Thi...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.09.019
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seven benzodiazepine-receptor ligands of the beta-carbolines' group were administered IP in Wistar rats from (1) a strain displaying spontaneous petit mal-like seizures (PMLS) characterized by spike and wave discharges (SWD) and, (2) a strain where no seizure is ever observed (NS). Five different types of effects were...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(87)90101-8
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of two indirect (dexfenfluramine and fluoxetine) and one direct (RU 24969) serotonergic agonists on diet selection over a 12-hr period were examined. Rats were habituated to eat, during the dark period, from two isoenergetic diets that differed in carbohydrate and protein content. Drugs were injected intra...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(90)90130-r
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The place conditioning paradigm has proven successful in identifying the neural mechanisms of drug reinforcement. Two classes of drugs, opiates and psychomotor stimulants, have received the most study, and in each case an important role for DA neurons of the mesolimbic system has been established. Moreover, both recep...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(89)90224-4
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High dietary salt intake activates the brain renin-angiotensin system in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Dahl S rats, resulting in sympathetic hyperactivity and hypertension. Increases of sodium concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or enhanced responses to CSF sodium are considered to be involved i...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.09.004
更新日期：2006-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple unit activities (MUA) in 307 brainstem sites were recorded by chronically implanted electrodes in cats, using a polygraph with 4 channel MUA recording units. During transition from waking to slow wave sleep, at 15 sites including the medial preoptic area (11), the diagonal band of Broca (2) and medial anterio...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(88)90108-6
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well known that some epileptic patients does not respond to conventional treatments, despite multiple combination of antiepileptic drugs, and they are therefore considered drug-resistant. For these patients, vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) represents a successful alternative to traditional therapy, and it is gener...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.02.004
更新日期：2007-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and growth hormone (GH) have been suggested to promote memory and cognitive capabilities. In a recent publication we observed that GH increase the proportion of the NR2B subunit mRNA transcript of the NMDA receptor in rat hippocampus. NR2B has been suggested to be essential for spa...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.01.012
更新日期：2005-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Intractable scratching is the characteristic of chronic itch, which represents a great challenge in clinical practice. However, the mechanism underlying chronic itch development is largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of NMDA receptor in acute itch and in development of chronic itch. A mouse...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.02.011
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In animal models of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, ethanol causes a number of changes in brain development, with many of these changes being very transient. This is especially true for the process of synaptogenesis in different brain areas. Our quantitative electron microscopic study of synaptogenesis in the molecular layer ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(88)90119-0
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs), elicited by acoustic stimulation, have been proposed in the assessment of the vestibulo-cervical reflex pathways. The procedure has been previously validated in several otovestibular disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate patients affected by multiple scleros...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00842-0
更新日期：2002-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:To assess the efficacy of using an HRP-coated wire knife to label cells of origin of cut axons, labeling cuts were made both through and parallel to the dorsal noradrenergic bundle. The damage to the dorsal bundle was evaluated independently by using fluorescence microscopy to detect the buildup of norepinephrine in c...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(82)90050-8
更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetic encephalopathy has recently been recognized late complication of diabetes resulting in progressive cognitive deficits. Emerging evidence has indicated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic eye and kidney as well as non-diabetic neurodegeneration....
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.12.006
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The organization of projection neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), and in adjacent parts of the raphe nuclei medial to it (the central and rostral linear, and interfascicular nuclei), the mammillary body (the supramammillary region and the tuberomammillary nucleus), and the substantia nigra have been examined...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(82)90145-9
更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic brain implants are accompanied by a tissue response that causes the loss of neurons in the vicinity of the implant and the formation of a glial scar that is also referred to as foreign body response. Despite immense progress in the field of brain-computer interface (BCI) research the biocompatibility of chroni...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2015.08.001
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In accordance with the genetic nature of Huntington's disease (HD), transgenic and knock-in mouse models have been developed that have sought to recapitulate the key features of the human condition. To date, only a single rat model has been developed, the tgHD rat that carries 51 CAG repeats. The tgHD rat has many of ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.03.003
更新日期：2009-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Reserpine depletes dopamine (DA) levels and increases tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity in the rat corpus striatum. TH is activated not only by enhancement of DA neuronal impulse flow, but also by cessation of impulse flow. To assist in the understanding of the relative contribution of impulse flow to the regulation ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(81)80037-8
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is mostly known as a dopamine deficiency syndrome due the structural and functional changes in striatal projection neurons. However, studies have considered this pathology as a multi-systemic disease in which the neurodegenerative process extends beyond the dopaminergic system. Therefore, the ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.01.009
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetic mechanical allodynia (DMA) is a common manifestation in patients with diabetes mellitus, and currently, no effective treatment is available. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is involved in mechanical hypersensitivity resulting from varying aetiologies in animal, but its expression pattern duri...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.05.010
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
