Abstract:
:Intravenous midazolam (mean dose of 6.3 mg) was given to 100 consecutive patients coming to endoscopy. All patients had an ear oximeter attached throughout the procedure to record continuously their levels of oxygen saturation. Eighty-five of the 100 patients had pre-endoscopy respiratory function tests measured, and 82 wore an induction plethysmograph vest to get a continuous qualitative estimate of respiratory rate and excursion throughout the procedure. Following intravenous midazolam a reduction in respiratory excursion was observed in 80% of patients. The initial baseline oxygen saturation of 95.4% fell 3.3% (P less than 0.0005) following intravenous midazolam to 92.1%. During the endoscopic procedure there was a further 3.1% decrease in oxygen saturation to 89.0% (P less than 0.0005) and in 7% the level fell to below 80%. Age, sex, dose of midazolam given and pre-endoscopy respiratory function tests failed to identify those patients at risk of hypoxia during the endoscopy.
journal_name
Br J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Bell GD,Reeve PA,Moshiri M,Morden A,Coady T,Stapleton PJ,Logan RFdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2125.1987.tb03104.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-06-01 00:00:00pages
703-8issue
6eissn
0306-5251issn
1365-2125journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract::1. A two compartment system, comprising two adjacent teflon chambers separated by a semi-permeable membrane, has been devised with which to investigate the generation of drug metabolites that are toxic to human cells in vitro. 2. Compartment A contained a drug-metabolising system (human liver microsomes +/- NADPH) and...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1990.tb03793.x
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 The effects of oxprenolol 80 mg and propranolol 80 mg on resting forearm blood flow (RFBF) and skin temperature were compared in seven normotensive subjects, for 4 h after an oral dose. 2 There was a significant fall of RFBF after propranolol (mean +/- s.e. mean 0.74 +/- 0.24 ml 100 g-1 min-1) compared to a smaller ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01154.x
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The aims of the present study were, firstly, to evaluate long-term trends in the occurrence and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and the occurrence of CVD events in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and, secondly, to assess the determinants of undertreatment of CVD risk factors. ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.13482
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The effects of chronic dosing with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), on nitrate-induced haemodynamic changes during the acute and chronic treatment of healthy volunteers with glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) patches (Transiderm nitro) has been investigated. 2. Seven volunteers were treated in a double-blind randomised crossover man...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03522.x
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) not only enhance cellular glucose transport but are reported to have potent anti-inflammatory effects. These effects may play an important role in the insulin sensitizing mechanism, and possibly precede the effects on parameters of glucoregulation. We sought to investigate whether these a...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02532.x
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To characterize determinants of the elimination of methotrexate (MTX) and 7-hydroxy-methotrexate (7-OH-MTX) in patients receiving high-dose MTX therapy (HDMTX). METHODS:24 and 48-h blood samples from 76 patients receiving HDMTX (dose range 300 mg m-2 to 12 g m-2) were analysed, and concentration-time data were su...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02513.x
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The elimination of the cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist atenolol has been studied in 35 neonates by measuring drug concentration in cord blood and in blood obtained at 24 h by heel stab. Elimination rate was assessed by calculating the slopes of lines joining these two concentration points. The slopes had ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02237.x
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Post licensing, the evaluation of drug safety relies heavily on the collation of sporadic, spontaneous reports on adverse effects. The aim was to assess the potential utility of a more systematic approach to the detection of adverse events that utilizes routinely collected clinical data from a large primary care p...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03273.x
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The absorption kinetics of orally administered strontium chloride and its reproducibility were investigated in healthy volunteers after administering strontium either under fasting conditions (study I, n = 8) or in combination with a standardized meal (study II, n = 8). Each subject received strontium orally at day...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.33411.x
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to elucidate the mechanisms by which beta-adrenoceptor blockade leads to a reduction in portal pressure, we have measured portal pressure, heart rate and cardiac index in 17 patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension following the oral administration of the selective beta 2-adrenoceptor blocking agent, I...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02413.x
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The absorption of the antiemetic metopimazine (MPZ) given as a single dose of (a) 40 mg microenema, (b) 40 mg orally and (c) 10 mg as a 60 min i.v. continuous infusion was investigated in six healthy volunteers. Blood samples were drawn and the serum concentrations of MPZ and its acid metabolite were measured. The bio...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.35220.x
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The effects of salmeterol hydroxynaphthoate (50 micrograms, 8.3 x 10(-8) M) and salbutamol (200 micrograms, 3.5 x 10(-7) M) on sGaw were compared in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised study in 10 normal subjects. 2. SGaw increased by 29% (14-43) (mean (CI)), 5 min after salmeterol and by 35% (19-51) at ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb04015.x
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coumarins are the mainstay of oral anticoagulation for the treatment and prophylaxis of thromboembolic disorders. They have a narrow therapeutic index and regular monitoring is therefore required to avoid serious adverse effects. There is wide interindividual variability in dosage requirements, which makes anticoagula...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2006.02679.x
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The pharmacokinetics of butorphanol were evaluated in 18 female volunteers with varying degrees of renal function following a single, 1 mg transnasal dose of butorphanol tartrate. The creatinine clearance (CLCR) values for subjects in the normal (NOR), moderately impaired (MI), and severely impaired (SI) groups wer...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.03327.x
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The aim was to describe the utilization of antidiabetic agents, in terms of persistence and regimen change, in the management of a cohort of newly treated type 2 diabetes patients and to investigate associated socio-demographic and treatment factors. METHODS:A population-based retrospective cohort study was condu...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.12573
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:In short-term studies, hormonal contraceptives (HC) have been suggested to induce a rise in blood pressure (BP) and urinary albumin excretion (UAE), while the effect of HC in renal function (GFR) is still under debate. Data on long-term and withdrawal effects of HC use on these outcomes are, however, not available....
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2006.02747.x
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium subserves a ubiquitous role in the organisation of cell function. Ca2+ channels which control influx may be modified in disease states. Animal models of cerebral ischaemia do present some problems when investigating potential therapies involving Ca2+ channels. However, it is important not to be too rigid in se...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb04125.x
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Grapefruit juice inhibits CYP3A4 in the intestinal wall leading to a reduced intestinal first pass metabolism and thereby an increased oral bioavailability of certain drugs. For example, it has been shown that the oral bioavailability of midazolam, a CYP3A4 substrate, increased by 52% in healthy subjects after ing...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2002.01615.x
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Cardiovascular responses to intravenous prizidilol hydrochloride (SK&F 92657) 0.86 mg/kg were studied in eight supine resting healthy volunteers. Five subjects were slow and the remaining three were fast acetylators of sulphamethazine. Compared with pre-infusion values, mean resting systolic and diastolic blood pres...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01266.x
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We have studied the effects of age, sex and the oral contraceptive pill on platelet fibrinogen 'receptor' density (Bmax) and affinity (Kd). 2. [125I]-fibrinogen binding to gel-filtered platelets was assessed after stimulation with adenosine 5-diphosphate (ADP) and thrombin in 60 normal subjects; 37 females and 23 m...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb03994.x
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Confusion between the criteria for defining and diagnosing hypertension may have misled the search for the causes of hypertension. 2. The systematic approach of molecular genetics appears to offer the best chance of explaining hypertension, but the attractions are partly offset by the large numbers required, and un...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.03785.x
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Mianserin does not affect the uptake of biogenic amines into rat brain, in contrast to tricyclic antidepressants which block amine uptake. 2 Mianserin increases the turnover of noradrenaline (NA) in rat brain after acute or chronic administration, whereas tricyclic antidepressants reduce turnover of NA and 5-hydroxy...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT:The dominant health economic units upon which new treatment funding decisions are made are the incremental cost per life year gained (LYG) or the cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. Neither of these units modifies the amount of health gained, by the amount of heal...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2007.02996.x
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A free lignocaine index was developed on the basis of measurements of plasma lignocaine and its principle binding protein, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) in 80 samples from 16 patients admitted to the coronary care unit and given prophylactic lignocaine therapy. The free drug fraction, fu, of lignocaine was determine...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1985.tb05132.x
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is an uncommon but potentially debilitating condition, characterised by nonhealing jawbone, with or without mucosal exposure, in the presence of certain drugs. Those already strongly associated with MRONJ include antiresorptives denosumab and bisphosphonates; how...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.14681
更新日期:2020-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::1 A study was carried out to investigate the possible contribution of prostaglandins in captopril-induced hypotension. 2 Healthy volunteers and patients with essential hypertension were given single oral doses of 25 mg and 50 mg captopril respectively before and after cyclo-oxygenase inhibition with indomethacin. 3 Th...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb02063.x
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 The anti-hypertensive effect of labetalol given twice or three times daily was evaluated in ambulant subjects with essential hypertension by recording blood pressure directly for 24 h before and after 15 d of labetalol administration (daily dose 600-1800 mg). 2 Labetalol reduced 24 h systolic and diastolic blood pre...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb01886.x
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acute peripheral vascular and diuretic effects of intravenous frusemide 10 mg and 20 mg were compared with those of bumetanide 250 micrograms and 500 micrograms in a group of 10 salt depleted volunteers. Significant reductions in forearm blood flow (FBF) were observed after frusemide 10 mg (-0.77 ml 100 ml-1 min-1...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1986.tb05207.x
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The protease inhibitor indinavir is characterized by an important interindividual pharmacokinetic variability, which results from the actions of the metabolizing enzymes cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A and the multidrug efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp), encoded by MDR1. Using a population pharmacokinetic approach, we in...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2007.02903.x
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Establishing a pharmacological challenge model could yield an important tool to understand the complex role of the nicotinic cholinergic system in cognition and to develop novel compounds acting on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. METHODS:This randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, four-...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/bcp.13507
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00