Abstract：
:The effects of household exposure to cigarette smoke on hospitalization and incidence of respiratory illness were examined among 2227 children at Chang-Ning District, Shanghai Municipality, People's Republic of China. The passive smoking quantity was estimated by total daily cigarette consumption of family members and number of cigarettes smoked in the home. No mothers who smoked were found. A significant dose-response relationship of passive smoking to hospitalization for respiratory illness during the children's first 18 months of life was found, for which no confounding factors were discovered. The incidence density ratio of hospitalization for respiratory illness was 2.1 for children living in families including people who smoked 20 or more cigarettes a day compared with those living in non-smoking families. The children appeared to be more vulnerable in the first six months of life than in the 7-18 month period, and those with lower birth weight and the artificially fed were more susceptible. The cumulative incidence of bronchitis or pneumonia increased significantly with increasing cigarette smoking of family members, which persisted when sex, birthweight, nursery care, father's education, coal for cooking, and adult cases with chronic respiratory disease were taken into account. Family smoking status was not found to be significantly associated with the incidence of asthma, whooping cough, sinusitis and measles.
journal_name
Int J Epidemioljournal_title
International journal of epidemiologyauthors
Chen Y,Li WX,Yu SZ,Qian WHdoi
10.1093/ije/17.2.348subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-06-01 00:00:00pages
348-55issue
2eissn
0300-5771issn
1464-3685journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The Combatting Childhood Communicable Disease (CCCD) project is a comprehensive public health programme designed to reduce child mortality by 25% through the use of the following strategies: vaccination, oral rehydration therapy, and prompt treatment for malaria. To evaluate this programme, cross-sectional surveys wer...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/22.supplement_1.s15
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A serological survey of 300 Israeli intravenous drug addicts in 1988-1989, showed a 2.3% prevalence of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), very similar to the finding of a previous study (2%) performed in the same population in 1986. Travel and drug injection abroad continue to be the most significant pr...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/21.3.561
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Secular trends in cardiovascular risk factors have been described, but few studies have examined simultaneously the effects of both ageing and secular trends within the same cohort. METHODS:Development of cardiovascular risk factors over the past three decades was analysed using serial measurements from 10 ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyt279
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Examinations of 'healthy' men in Helsinki and in rural west and east Finland in 1956 included estimation of total cholesterol and that in the HDL and beta fractions separated by electrophoresis. Vital status to the end of 1980 has been ascertained for all but eight of the 526 men aged 35-61 and for all but two of 261 ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/13.4.428
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The CARTaGENE (CaG) study is both a population-based biobank and the largest ongoing prospective health study of men and women in Quebec. In population-based cohorts, participants are not recruited for a particular disease but represent a random selection among the population, minimizing the need to correct for bias i...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dys160
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In the absence of planned efforts to target the poor, child survival programs often favour the rich. Further evidence is needed urgently about which interventions and programme approaches are most effective in addressing inequities. The Lives Saved Tool (LiST) is available and can be used to model mortality ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyq034
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microscopic examination of multiple faeces samples of 2 825 persons was carried out in the Metropolitan Lagos. Overall prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica was 11.2%. Prevalence increased rapidly in younger age groups and there were no real differences between males and females. Prevalence was high among families who a...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/8.1.55
更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Age-standardized cancer death rates in Puerto Rican-born males and females residing in New York City have been calculated for 1979-81, and compared with those for white non-Puerto Rican-born people. For all population groups the rates in 1979-81 have been compared with rates in 1969-71. For some cancer sites, in parti...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/15.1.30
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In this paper we investigated whether the capture-recapture method is useful for a cancer registry to monitor its completeness of case ascertainment on a routine basis. METHODS:The capture-recapture method was used to estimate the completeness of case ascertainment in three regional cancer registries in the...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/23.6.1111
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of diabetes, the interrelationship of blood glucose, serum insulin, and lipids, and their relationship to ischemic heart dise ase in a rural Jamaican community were investigated. The people were mo stly of West African descent. Occupations were primarily agricultural w ith much physical labor. Approx...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/1.2.157
更新日期：1972-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We explored methods to develop uncorrelated variables for epidemiological analysis models. They were used to examine associations between respiratory health outcomes and multiple household risk factors. METHODS:We analysed data collected in the Four Chinese Cities Study (FCCS) to examine health effects on p...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyg278
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In both seasonal and inter-town variation, the mortality from ischaemic heart disease in England and Wales in 1969-71 is very highly correlated with temperature. Also in the inter-town variation, IHD mortality is highly correlated with rainfall and with socio-economic index. It is postulated that the same mechanism of...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/5.2.195
更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine educational gradients in overall and cause-specific mortality among elderly married men and women and their spouses. METHODS:Using the census-based Israel Longitudinal Mortality Study (1983-92), 13 573 married men and 6563 married women were identified who were aged 70-89 years at baseline. Cox p...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyi185
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In spite of an improving trend, childhood mortality in rural sub-Saharan Africa remains high and has recently risen in some countries. The factors associated with the long-term decline in childhood mortality are poorly known, due to a lack of data. METHODS:A Senegalese rural population has been under demogr...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/30.6.1286
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two controlled, double blind field trials of a non-living promastigote vaccine against New World Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (NWCL) were conducted in 1981 and 1983 in Brazil. Brazilian Army conscripts were randomly assigned to the vaccine or placebo groups and tested during their training in the Amazon jungle, a high risk...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/ije/15.4.572
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Neighbourhood socioeconomic status (SES) may affect rich and poor residents differentially. Two models are proposed. Model 1: living in a non-deprived neighbourhood is better for health because better collective material and social resources are available. Model 2: being poor (rich) relative to the neighbour...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyg084
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hospital admissions in infancy are declining in several countries. We describe admissions to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) and other hospitalizations over a 33-year period in the Brazilian city of Pelotas. METHODS:We analysed data from four population-based birth cohorts launched in 1982, 1993, 2004 ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyy228
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to analyse misclassification of height, weight and body mass index (BMI), derived from mail questionnaires, and its dependency on socioeconomic factors. METHODS:A random sample of 4442 adults aged 18-84 years, living in Stockholm county, Sweden, were in 1984-1985 asked about th...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/26.4.860
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several epidemiological studies in California have yielded data on percentage methaemoglobin in healthy individuals. The population groups represented include infants, elementary and high school children, and adults. The distributions of values in each group are described, as well as the differences between groups. Fa...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/4.3.207
更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The role of trigger factors in acute cardiovascular events has been much studied in the past few years. A recent study analysed changes in the rates of cardiac emergencies in Bavaria (Germany) during the last Football World Cup. The authors reported a 2.7-fold increase in the incidence of cardiac emergencies...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyq007
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Smoking is well established as a principal risk factor for lung cancer. The risk of lung cancer is about ten times higher in smokers in Western countries. In China, a number of epidemiological studies have investigated the association between lung cancer and smoking and in the present paper, a combined analysis of eig...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/21.2.197
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Medical conditions related to hormonal abnormalities were investigated in a case-control study of breast cancer among women who attended a screening centre. Information was obtained by telephone interview regarding physician-diagnosed medical conditions such as thyroid or liver diseases, diabetes, and hypertension, as...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/22.6.1000
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of gonorrhoea and chlamydial infections and to determine sexual and demographic correlates for these sexually transmitted diseases (STD) among visitors of an STD clinic. METHODS:In 1994, a cross-sectional study was carried out among 2984 consecutive ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/26.6.1373
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent communications have argued that often it may not be appropriate to analyse cross-sectional studies of prevalent outcomes with logistic regression models. The purpose of this communication is to compare three methods that have been proposed for application to cross sectional studies: (1) a multiplicati...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/27.1.91
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative bias analysis serves several objectives in epidemiological research. First, it provides a quantitative estimate of the direction, magnitude and uncertainty arising from systematic errors. Second, the acts of identifying sources of systematic error, writing down models to quantify them, assigning values to...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyu149
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This article analyses the epidemiological research developments in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). It integrates the series commissioned by the International Epidemiological Association to all WHO Regions to identify global opportunities to promote the development of epidemiology. METHODS:Health situ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dys017
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the possible association between Alzheimer's disease and late maternal age at index birth, we conducted a collaborative re-analysis of existing case-control data sets. Of the 11 studies participating in the EURODEM project, four were included in the analyses regarding maternal age. In all four studies, ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1093/ije/20.supplement_2.s21
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) medical records-linkage system was established in 1966 to capture health care information for the entire population of Olmsted County, MN, USA. The REP includes a dynamic cohort of 502 820 unique individuals who resided in Olmsted County at some point between 1966 and 2010, and...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dys195
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Minnesota Heart Survey (MHS) assessed population trends in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality, morbidity and risk factor levels in the Twin Cities metropolitan area to explain the decline in CHD deaths. Age-adjusted CHD mortality rates declined in Twin Cities residents aged 30 to 74 from 1968 to 1986 by 52% in...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Occupation and industry classifications are used in epidemiological studies to classify study subjects according to their job and subsequently to study risk by job, to infer social class indicators, or to infer exposure to specific agents through job-exposure matrices. However, documentation on methodological aspects ...
journal_title：International journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/ije/dyg080
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
