Determination of methylxanthine stimulants in urine of racing greyhounds by high-performance liquid chromatography. Resolution of a contested drug administration case.

abstract：:We developed a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS-MS) method to measure metabolites of atrazine, phenylurea, and sulfonylurea herbicides in human urine. The metabolites measured in the method include atrazine mercapturate, desethyl atrazine, and desisopropyl atrazine as markers of...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Nguyen JV,Olsson AO,Bravo R,Needham LL,Barr DB

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A comparison was made of several cannabinoid urine assays. Two hundred randomly selected urine specimens were initially screened by two enzyme immunoassays (EMIT-st and EMIT-d.a.u.) and a radioimmunoassay (Abuscreen RIA). Selected specimens found positive by any of these methods were further analyzed by gas-liquid chr...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Irving J,Leeb B,Foltz RL,Cook CE,Bursey JT,Willette RE

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a method for the detection and quantitation of drugs of abuse in oral fluids. Fortified oral fluid samples (made in-house) and samples from donors collected with Quantasil oral fluid collection kits from Immunalysis were screened on an Olympus 5400 using reagent...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Kala SV,Harris SE,Freijo TD,Gerlich S

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of the Roche Kinetic Interaction of Microparticles in Solution (KIMS) screening assay for cannabinoid metabolites. Urine specimens (N = 1689) were collected during elimination of cannabinoids from 25 subjects with a history of marijuana use. Specimens were analyzed conc...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Lyons TP,Okano CK,Kuhnle JA,Bruins MR,Darwin WD,Moolchan ET,Huestis MA

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High levels of verapamil (1) were found in the blood, stomach contents, and liver and kidney specimens in a fatal overdose case. The drug was extracted from both acid and enzyme digested tissue with ether, chloroform, and 1-chlorobutane and the digests analysed by both high-performance liquid chromatography and gas ch...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Thomson BM,Pannell LK

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A blood concentration of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in the low nanograms-per-milliliter range is often claimed to result from drug use more than 24-48 h previously. The present investigation determined concentrations of cannabinoids in blood collected at least 24 h from smoking in an in-patient setting. During samplin...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Skopp G,Pötsch L

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Continuing our previous studies analyzing drugs of abuse in municipal wastewater, a method was developed for the analysis of opiates in wastewater samples using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). Eight opiate drugs and metabolites were analyzed including codeine, hydrocodone, hydro...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Gul W,Stamper B,Godfrey M,Gul SW,ElSohly MA

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Storage of drug-based evidence inside sealed safes may allow chemical vapors to accumulate, creating concerns of drug exposure by inhalation, or the possibility of cross-contamination of drug evidence. Air samples were taken from inside eight drug safes and one small storage room at nine city and country police statio...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Doran GS,Deans R,De Filippis C,Kostakis C,Howitt JA

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bleach, nitrite, chromate, and hydrogen peroxide-peroxidase are effective urine adulterants used by the illicit drug users to conceal marijuana-positive results. Methods for detecting nitrite and chromate are available. Effects of other oxidizing agents that could possibly be used as adulterants and are difficult to d...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Paul BD,Jacobs A

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficiency of ethanolamine and potassium hydroxide (KOH) as trapping agents for CO2 was determined using a flow of 500 mL/min through CO2 absorption towers containing trapping solutions. Radiolabeled 14CO2 was produced by acidification of suspensions containing Ba14CO3. Both 100% ethanolamine and 5M ethanolamine i...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Medinsky MA

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methoxphenidine (MXP, 2-MeO-diphenidine) is a dissociative anaesthetic drug of the diarylethylamine type, recently introduced for recreational purposes through the online-based sale of new psychoactive substances (NPS). The concentration of MXP in hair has never been reported, either in cases of chemsex use or in fata...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Goncalves R,Castaing N,Titier K,Dumestre-Toulet V

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hair samples from 20 documented heroin users contained 6-acetylmorphine, a unique metabolite of heroin, in all samples. Heroin was identified in smaller amounts in seven of these samples. The identity of 6-acetylmorphine and heroin was established by comparison of full scan spectra of extracts to standard reference ma...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Goldberger BA,Caplan YH,Maguire T,Cone EJ

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study compares fluoride concentrations ([F]) in surface and whole bone for up to 27 days following an acute oral dose of F. Four groups of rats received single oral F dose (50 mg/kg body weight), and the control group received deionized water (n = 10/group). Groups were euthanized at 1, 3, 9, or 27 days after F a...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Buzalaf MA,Caroselli EE,de Carvalho JG,de Oliveira RC,da Silva Cardoso VE,Whitford GM

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bone was analyzed for ketamine and norketamine to examine whether different patterns of drug exposure could be discriminated. Rats received (intraperitoneally) one 75 mg/kg dose (Acute-1 and Acute-2 groups), three 25-mg/kg doses 1 hour apart (Repeated group), or nine single daily ketamine doses of 75 mg/kg followed by...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Watterson JH,Donohue JP,Betit CC

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report one fatal case of asphyxia caused by leaves of common ivy. Macroscopic examination of the corpse during the autopsy disclosed an incredible quantity of leaves of Hedera helix in the mouth and throat of the decedent. In order to rule out the possibility of poisoning by the toxic saponins contained in the plan...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Gaillard Y,Blaise P,Darré A,Barbier T,Pépin G

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The popularity of designer drugs has increased over the past few years as users seek new, cheap and sometimes "legal" ways to get high. This case report focuses on a case that happened in the City of Henderson, Nevada, which involved the designer drug methoxetamine. Methoxetamine is a psychoactive compound that is str...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Fassette T,Martinez A

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A feasibility study was performed to examine the effectiveness of hair testing in determining the prevalence of drug use in a young adult population. The study included 200 randomly selected young adults in Norway. It was designed to make the collection, preparation and analysis of the samples as little resource deman...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Lund HM,Gjerde H,de Courtade SM,Oiestad EL,Christophersen AS

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An analytical procedure for simultaneous determination of codeine and morphine in urine is described. The detection of codeine and morphine is based on liquid-liquid extraction and derivatization to the acetylated compounds. The acetylated codeine and morphine are separated by capillary gas chromatography and identifi...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Paul BD,Mell LD Jr,Mitchell JM,Irving J,Novak AJ

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclizine is an antihistamine with sedative effect used to treat motion sickness. A few studies have reported on cyclizine abuse among teenagers, and cyclizine abuse has been reported among opioid dependants receiving methadone, with the combination having been reported to produce strong psychoactive effects. Few repo...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Arnestad M,Eldor KB,Stray-Pedersen A,Bachs L,Karinen R

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC), and 11-nor-9-carboxy-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) in whole blo...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Jamey C,Szwarc E,Tracqui A,Ludes B

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A simple and sensitive method for determination of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) by gas chromatography (GC) with surface ionization detection (SID) is presented. Whole blood or urine, containing DMT and gramine (internal standard), was subjected to solid-phase extraction with a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge before analysis by ...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Ishii A,Seno H,Suzuki O,Hattori H,Kumazawa T

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 69-year-old male radio technician drank an unknown amount of a liquid and died within 5 h at a hospital. Mainly silver, potassium, and calcium, among other substances, were found in the residue of the liquid from the empty bottle by means of the spectrographic method (30.7% silver and 25.5% potassium using atomic ab...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Lech T

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) is an effective component of several insect repellent products. A 19-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency department following ingestion of 15-25 mL 95% diethyltoluamide (Muscol). Serum and urine toxicology screening tests were negative except for detection of DEET. DEET was qual...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Fraser AD,MacNeil A,Theriault M,Morzycki W

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urine drug testing (UDT) is an emerging standard of care in the evaluation and treatment of chronic non-cancer pain patients with opioid analgesics. UDT may be used both to verify adherence with the opioid analgesic regimen and to monitor abstinence from non-prescribed or illicit controlled substances. In the former s...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Bertholf RL,Johannsen LM,Reisfield GM

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The quantification of drugs of abuse in keratinized matrices is becoming of special relevance for monitoring consumption and for post-mortem investigations. We aimed to implement an analytical method for the simultaneous detection of morphine (MORF), 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), methadone (MET), 2-ethylidene-1,5-dime...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Magalhães TP,Cravo S,Silva DDD,Dinis-Oliveira RJ,Afonso C,Lourdes Bastos M,Carmo H

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method for analyzing urine for the presence of basic drugs and their metabolites using two fused silica capillary columns is described along with operating conditions and column characteristics. Urine extracts were injected into a gas chromatograph equipped with nitrogen phosphorous detectors (GC/NPD) and two capill...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Hime GW,Bednarczyk LR

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A rapid and simple method is described for the separation of quinidine (Q), its metabolites 3-hydroxyquinidine (30HQ) and 2'oxoquinidinone (QD) as well as the quinidine salt contaminant, dihydroquinidine (DHQ) in plasma by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). A silica column was used with methanol: 1 N ammonium...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Pershing LK,Peat MA,Finkle BS

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A separation system based on isotachophoresis is described for the cyanogenic glycoside linamarin in aqueous solution and in human urine. Isotachophoresis is a migration of a substance in an electric field, which is applied to a system of electrolytes of specific design. Detection is carried out by monitoring conducti...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Carlsson L,Ronquist G,Rosling H

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Uncertainty is an inherent property of all measurements. The magnitude of this uncertainty will determine the number of meaningful digits that should be reported in a measurement result. Several statistical arguments are considered providing evidence that three digit truncated results are more appropriate than two sin...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Gullberg RG

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A case of lethal overdose by heroin ingestion is presented. The concentrations of drugs were measured several hours after death. Heroin, 06-monoacetylmorphine, and morphine were identified and quantitated in blood, urine, and gastrointestinal contents by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid...

journal_title：Journal of analytical toxicology

authors： Rop PP,Fornaris M,Salmon T,Burle J,Bresson M

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00