Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Widespread use of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in screening procedures allowed early identification of an increasing number of prostate cancers (PCas), mainly including indolent cancer. Availability of different therapeutic strategies which have a very different impact on the patient's quality of life suggested a strong need for tools able to identify clinically significant cancer at diagnosis. Multi-parametric magnetic resonance showed very good performance in pre-biopsy diagnosis. However, it is an expensive tool and requires an experienced radiologist. In this context, a simple blood-based test is worth investigating. In this context, researchers focused their attention on the development of a laboratory test able to minimize overdiagnosis without losing the identification of aggressive tumors. RESULTS:Recent literature data on PCa biomarkers revealed a clear tendency towards the use of panels of biomarkers or a combination of biomarkers and clinical variables. Phi, the 4Kscore, and Stockholm3 as circulating biomarkers and the Mi-prostate score, Exo DX Prostate, and Select MD-X as urinary biomarker-based tests have been developed. In this scenario, phi is worthy of attention as a noninvasive test significantly associated with aggressive PCa. CONCLUSIONS:Literature data showed that phi had good diagnostic performance to identify clinically significant (cs) PCa, suggesting that it could be a useful tool for personalized treatment decision-making. In this review, phi potentialities, limitations, and comparisons with other blood- and urinary-based tests were explored.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Ferro M,De Cobelli O,Lucarelli G,Porreca A,Busetto GM,Cantiello F,Damiano R,Autorino R,Musi G,Vartolomei MD,Muto M,Terracciano Ddoi
10.3390/ijms21041184subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-02-11 00:00:00issue
4issn
1422-0067pii
ijms21041184journal_volume
21pub_type
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