Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Widespread use of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in screening procedures allowed early identification of an increasing number of prostate cancers (PCas), mainly including indolent cancer. Availability of different therapeutic strategies which have a very different impact on the patient's quality of life suggested a strong need for tools able to identify clinically significant cancer at diagnosis. Multi-parametric magnetic resonance showed very good performance in pre-biopsy diagnosis. However, it is an expensive tool and requires an experienced radiologist. In this context, a simple blood-based test is worth investigating. In this context, researchers focused their attention on the development of a laboratory test able to minimize overdiagnosis without losing the identification of aggressive tumors. RESULTS:Recent literature data on PCa biomarkers revealed a clear tendency towards the use of panels of biomarkers or a combination of biomarkers and clinical variables. Phi, the 4Kscore, and Stockholm3 as circulating biomarkers and the Mi-prostate score, Exo DX Prostate, and Select MD-X as urinary biomarker-based tests have been developed. In this scenario, phi is worthy of attention as a noninvasive test significantly associated with aggressive PCa. CONCLUSIONS:Literature data showed that phi had good diagnostic performance to identify clinically significant (cs) PCa, suggesting that it could be a useful tool for personalized treatment decision-making. In this review, phi potentialities, limitations, and comparisons with other blood- and urinary-based tests were explored.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Ferro M,De Cobelli O,Lucarelli G,Porreca A,Busetto GM,Cantiello F,Damiano R,Autorino R,Musi G,Vartolomei MD,Muto M,Terracciano Ddoi
10.3390/ijms21041184subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-02-11 00:00:00issue
4issn
1422-0067pii
ijms21041184journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Rett syndrome (RTT) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder that primarily affects females, resulting in severe cognitive and physical disabilities, and is one of the most prevalent causes of intellectual disability in females. More than fifty years after the first publication on Rett syndrome, and almost two de...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20163925
更新日期：2019-08-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity is a multifactorial disease that can lead to other health issues. Glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1), as one of the satiety signal, has been linked with appetite suppression and weight loss. Due to the limitations of GLP-1 and its analogues, alternative treatments such as herbal therapies have become popular. The ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21082854
更新日期：2020-04-19 00:00:00
abstract：:A combined theoretical and experimental study on the structure, infrared, UV-Vis and 1H NMR data of trans-2-(m-cyanostyryl)pyridine, trans-2-[3-methyl-(m-cyanostyryl)]pyridine and trans-4-(m-cyanostyryl)pyridine is presented. The synthesis was carried out with an efficient Knoevenagel condensation using green chemist...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms14024005
更新日期：2013-02-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by extracellular amyloid plaques composed of the β-amyloid peptides and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and associates with progressive declines in memory and cognition. Several genes play important roles and regulate enzymes that produce a pathological accumulation of β...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21041327
更新日期：2020-02-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA binding protein IMP2 (IGF2BP2) is an oncogenic protein known to be overexpressed in different tumor types. Pancreatic cancer is a very lethal cancer that requires early diagnosis and new treatment options. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of IMP2 in the init...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20133204
更新日期：2019-06-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemoradiation-based bladder preservation therapy (BPT) is currently a curative option for non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients at favorable risk or an alternative to radical cystectomy (RC) for those who are unfit for RC. In BPT, only patients who achieve complete response (CR) after chemorad...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms19092777
更新日期：2018-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Soil salinization, which is primarily due to excessive Na+ levels, is a major abiotic stress adversely affecting plant growth and development. The Na+/H+ antiporter (NHX) is a transmembrane protein mediating the transport of Na+ or K+ and H+ across the membrane to modulate the ionic balance of plants in response to sa...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21207712
更新日期：2020-10-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipid peroxidation products, such as 7-ketocholesterol (7KC), may be increased in the body fluids and tissues of patients with neurodegenerative diseases and trigger microglial dysfunction involved in neurodegeneration. It is therefore important to identify synthetic and natural molecules able to impair the toxic effe...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17121973
更新日期：2016-11-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Infected or damaged tissues release multiple "alert" molecules such as alarmins and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that are recognized by innate immune receptors, and induce tissue inflammation, regeneration, and repair. Recently, an extract from inflamed rabbit skin inoculated with vaccinia virus (Neuro...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21186456
更新日期：2020-09-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Aging is a physiologic/pathologic process characterized by a progressive impairment of cellular functions, supported by the alterations of several molecular pathways, leading to an increased cell susceptibility to injury. This deterioration is the primary risk factor for several major human pathologies. Numerous cellu...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20112774
更新日期：2019-06-06 00:00:00
abstract：:In mammals, the effects of estrogen are mainly mediated by two different estrogen receptors, ERα and ERβ. These proteins are members of the nuclear receptor family, characterized by distinct structural and functional domains, and participate in the regulation of different biological processes, including cell growth, s...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms18071381
更新日期：2017-06-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as promising therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative disorders because they can reduce underlying pathology and also repair damaged tissues. Regarding the delivery of MSCs into the brain, intravenous and intra-arterial routes may be less feasible than intraparenchymal and ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21041272
更新日期：2020-02-13 00:00:00
abstract：:The stingless bee, Melipona fasciculata Smith (Apidae, Meliponini), is a native species from Brazil. Their products have high biotechnological potential, however there are no studies about the biological activities of pollen collected by M. fasciculata. In this context, the present study investigated the chemical comp...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20184512
更新日期：2019-09-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer is the most common cancer type among women worldwide. With breast cancer patients and survivors being reported to experience a repertoire of symptoms that are detrimental to their quality of life, the development of breast cancer treatment strategies that are effective with minimal side effects is theref...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms18112423
更新日期：2017-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud), commonly known as China grass, is a perennial bast fiber plant of the Urticaceae. In China, ramie farming, industry, and trade provide income for about five million people. Drought stress severely affects ramie stem growth and causes a dramatic decrease in ramie fiber production. There...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms16023493
更新日期：2015-02-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoarthritis (OA) remains one of the common degenerative joint diseases and a major cause of pain and disability in older adult individuals. Oral administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (such as diclofenac, DIC) or intra-articular injected gluco-corticosteroids (such as dexamethasone, DEX) w...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms22020665
更新日期：2021-01-11 00:00:00
abstract：:The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cell-signaling system that detects the accumulation of unfolded protein within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and initiates a number of cellular responses to restore ER homeostasis. The presence of unfolded protein is detected by the ER-luminal sensor domains of the three UPR-t...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms14036454
更新日期：2013-03-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Maintaining a robust epithelial barrier requires the accumulation of tight junction proteins, LSR/angulin-1 and tricellulin, at the tricellular contacts. Alterations in the localization of these proteins temporarily cause epithelial barrier dysfunction, which is closely associated with not only physiological different...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20143555
更新日期：2019-07-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity is a serious health challenge worldwide and is associated with various comorbidities, including dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Developing effective strategies to prevent obesity is therefore of paramount importance. One potential strategy to reduce obesity is to consume calcium, whi...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20123072
更新日期：2019-06-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute rejection (AR) of a kidney graft in renal transplant recipients is associated with microvascular injury in graft dysfunction and, ultimately, graft failure. Circulating long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may be suitable markers for vascular injury in the context of AR. Here, we first investigated the effect of AR aft...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21165616
更新日期：2020-08-05 00:00:00
abstract：:A review of the data on the modulatory action of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), the main co-transmitter with acetylcholine, and adenosine, the final ATP metabolite in the synaptic cleft, on neuromuscular transmission is presented. The effects of these endogenous modulators on pre- and post-synaptic processes are dis...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21176423
更新日期：2020-09-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Muscle contraction is initiated by the interaction between actin and myosin filaments. The sliding of actin filaments relative to myosin filaments is produced by cross-bridge cycling, which is governed by the theoretical framework of the cross-bridge theory. The cross-bridge theory explains well a number of mechanical...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20215479
更新日期：2019-11-04 00:00:00
abstract：:In this article, we outline and discuss available information on the cellular site and mechanism of proteasome interaction with cytosolic polyubiquitinated proteins and heat-shock molecules. The particulate cytoplasmic structure (PaCS) formed by barrel-like particles, closely reproducing in vivo the high-resolution st...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms19092767
更新日期：2018-09-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Kinase drug discovery represents an active area of therapeutic research, with previous pharmaceutical success improving patient outcomes across a wide variety of human diseases. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), innovative pharmaceutical strategies such as kinase targeting have been unable to appreciably inc...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21228823
更新日期：2020-11-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are key regulators of numerous biological processes in plants. To better understand the mechanisms by which these kinases function, high resolution measurement of MAPK activation kinetics in different biological contexts would be beneficial. One method to measure MAPK activati...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21155350
更新日期：2020-07-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent reports highlight the potential tumorigenic role of Dentin Sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and its cognate partner Matrix Metalloproteinase 20 (MMP-20) in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas (OSCCs). However, the function/mechanism of these roles is yet to be fully established. The present study aimed to investigate the e...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21134734
更新日期：2020-07-02 00:00:00
abstract：:The silkworm is an oligophagous insect for which mulberry leaves are the sole diet. The nutrients needed for vital activities of the egg, pupal, and adult stages, and the proteins formed in the cocoon, are all derived from the larval stages. The silkworm feeds and grows quickly during the larval stages. In particular,...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20246113
更新日期：2019-12-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Congenital cataracts are the prime cause for irreversible blindness in children. The global incidence of congenital cataract is 2.2-13.6 per 10,000 births, with the highest prevalence in Asia. Nearly half of the congenital cataracts are of familial nature, with a predominant autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21249569
更新日期：2020-12-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Leaf angle is a key parameter that determines plant architecture and crop yield. Hormonal crosstalk involving brassinosteroid (BR) plays an essential role in leaf angle regulation in cereals. In this study, we investigated whether abscisic acid (ABA), an important stress-responsive hormone, co-regulates lamina joint i...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20194908
更新日期：2019-10-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Cover crops are key determinants of the ecological stability and sustainability of continuous cropping soils. However, their agro-ecological role in differentially reshaping the microbiome structure and functioning under a degraded agroecosystem remains poorly investigated. Therefore, structural and metabolic changes ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20112619
更新日期：2019-05-28 00:00:00
