Abstract:
:Aluminum-activated malate transporters (ALMTs) play an important role in aluminum tolerance, stomatal opening, and fruit acidity in plants. However, the evolutionary pattern of the ALMT gene family in apples remains relatively unknown. In this study, a total of 25 MdALMT genes were identified from the apple reference genome of the "Golden Delicious" doubled-haploid tree (GDDH13). The physiological and biochemical properties, gene structure, and conserved motifs of MdALMT genes were examined. Chromosome location and gene-duplication analysis indicated that whole-genome duplication/segmental duplication played an important role in the expansion of the MdALMT gene family. The Ka/Ks ratio of duplicated MdALMT genes showed that members of this family have undergone strong purifying selection. Through exploration of the phylogenetic relationships, seven subgroups were classified, and higher old gene duplication frequency and significantly different evolutionary rates of the ALMT gene families were detected. In addition, the functional divergence of ALMT genes occurred during the evolutionary process of Rosaceae species. Furthermore, the functional divergence of MdALMT genes was confirmed by expression discrepancy and different subcellular localizations. This study provides the foundation to better understand the molecular evolution of MdALMT genes and further facilitate functional analysis to unravel their exact role in apples.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Ma B,Yuan Y,Gao M,Qi T,Li M,Ma Fdoi
10.3390/ijms19092807subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-09-18 00:00:00issue
9issn
1422-0067pii
ijms19092807journal_volume
19pub_type
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