Abstract:
:With age, our cognitive skills and abilities decline. Maybe starting as an annoyance, this decline can become a major impediment to normal daily life. Recent research shows that the neurodegenerative disorders responsible for age associated cognitive dysfunction are mechanistically linked to the state of the microvasculature in the brain. When the microvasculature does not function properly, ischemia, hypoxia, oxidative stress and related pathologic processes ensue, further damaging vascular and neural function. One of the most important and specialized functions of the brain microvasculature is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which controls the movement of molecules between blood circulation and the brain parenchyma. In this review, we are focusing on tight junctions (TJs), the multiprotein complexes that play an important role in establishing and maintaining barrier function. After a short introduction of the cell types that modulate barrier function via intercellular communication, we examine how age, age related pathologies and the aging of the immune system affects TJs. Then, we review how the TJs are affected in age associated neurodegenerative disorders: Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Lastly, we summarize the TJ aspects of Huntington's disease and schizophrenia. Barrier dysfunction appears to be a common denominator in neurological disorders, warranting detailed research into the molecular mechanisms behind it. Learning the commonalities and differences in the pathomechanism of the BBB injury in different neurological disorders will predictably lead to development of new therapeutics that improve our life as we age.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Costea L,Mészáros Á,Bauer H,Bauer HC,Traweger A,Wilhelm I,Farkas AE,Krizbai IAdoi
10.3390/ijms20215472subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-11-03 00:00:00issue
21issn
1422-0067pii
ijms20215472journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Thymidylate synthase (TYMS) enzyme is an anti-cancer target given its role in DNA biosynthesis. TYMS inhibitors (e.g., 5-Fluorouracil) can lead to drug resistance through an autoregulatory mechanism of TYMS that causes its overexpression. Since G-quadruplexes (G4) can modulate gene expression, we searched for putative...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21145028
更新日期:2020-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is widely used in the prevention and control of crop pests and diseases in agriculture. However, the irrational utilization of pesticides not only causes environmental pollution but also threatens human health. Compared with the conventional techniques for the determination of pesticides in soil, su...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20112817
更新日期:2019-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::Substantial efforts are underway for prevention of early stages or recurrence of colorectal cancers (CRC) or new polyp formation by chemoprevention strategies. Several epidemiological, clinical and preclinical studies to date have supported the chemopreventive potentials of several targeted drug classes including non-...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms19082332
更新日期:2018-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::Microfluidic flow chambers (MFCs) allow the study of platelet adhesion and thrombus formation under flow, which may be influenced by several variables. We developed a new MFC, with which we tested the effects of different variables on the results of platelet deposition and thrombus formation on a collagen-coated surfa...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21030750
更新日期:2020-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::T cell engineering with antigen-specific T cell receptors (TCRs) has allowed the generation of increasingly specific, reliable, and versatile T cell products with near-physiological features. However, a broad applicability of TCR-based therapies in cancer is still limited by the restricted number of TCRs, often also o...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms21218324
更新日期:2020-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::Overexpression of Sonic Hedgehog signaling (Shh) pathway molecules is associated with invasiveness and recurrence in breast carcinoma. Therefore, inhibition of the Shh pathway downstream molecule Glioma-associated Oncogene Homolog (Gli) was investigated for its ability to reduce progression and invasiveness of patient...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms19051375
更新日期:2018-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::TSPO is a receptor involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation, apoptosis and mitochondrial functions. Previous studies showed that the expression of TSPO protein correlated positively with tumour malignancy and negatively with patient survival. The aim of this study was to determine the transcription of Tspo...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms19082176
更新日期:2018-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing evidence has shown that many chronic diseases originate from early life, even before birth, through what are termed as fetal programming effects. Glucocorticoids are frequently used prenatally to accelerate the maturation of the lungs of premature infants. High-fat diets are associated with insulin resistan...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms17040533
更新日期:2016-04-08 00:00:00
abstract::Pulses are the main source of protein and minerals in the vegetarian diet. These are primarily cultivated on marginal lands with few inputs in several resource-poor countries of the world, including several in South Asia. Their cultivation in resource-scarce conditions exposes them to various abiotic and biotic stress...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms20122971
更新日期:2019-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Programmed cell death, such as apoptosis and autophagy, are key processes that are activated early on during development, leading to remodelling in embryos and homeostasis in adult organisms. Genomic conservation of death factors has been largely investigated in the animal and plant kingdoms. In this study, we analyse...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21155201
更新日期:2020-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::ATP is a major energy source in the mammalian cells, but it is an extracellular chemical messenger acting on P2 purinergic receptors. A line of evidence has shown that ATP is released from many different types of cells including neurons, endothelial cells, and muscle cells. In this review, we described the distributio...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms22010251
更新日期:2020-12-29 00:00:00
abstract::: Background: The aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been associated with several diseases, including cancer, inflammatory, and autoimmune conditions. Interest in salivary miRNAs as non-invasive tools for the diagnosis of malignancies and systemic diseases is rapidly increasing. The present systematic revie...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21030907
更新日期:2020-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::In the post-genome era, pathologies become associated with specific gene expression profiles and defined molecular lesions can be identified. The traditional therapeutic strategy is to block the identified aberrant biochemical activity. However, an attractive alternative could aim at antagonizing key transcriptional e...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms21072301
更新日期:2020-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::Natural medicines have attracted wide attention in recent years. It is of great significance to clarify the pharmacological mechanisms of natural medicines. In prior studies, we established a method for elucidating pharmacological mechanisms of natural products contained in connectivity map (cMap), in terms of module ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms16010510
更新日期:2014-12-29 00:00:00
abstract::Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent; non-hematopoietic stem cells. Because of their immunoregulatory abilities; MSCs are widely used for different clinical applications. Compared with that of other immune cells; the investigation of how MSCs specifically regulate B-cells has been superficial and insufficient...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms17050650
更新日期:2016-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription control plays a crucial role in establishing a unique gene expression signature for each of the hundreds of mammalian cell types. Though gene expression data have been widely used to infer cellular regulatory networks, existing methods mainly infer correlations rather than causality. We developed statist...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms19113609
更新日期:2018-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Fingertip response to trauma represents a fascinating example of tissue regeneration. Regeneration derives from proliferative mesenchymal cells (blastema) that subsequently differentiate into soft and skeletal tissues. Clinically, conservative treatment of the amputated fingertip under occlusive dressing can shift the...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms18051054
更新日期:2017-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes and respiratory diseases are frequently comorbid conditions. However, the mechanistic links between hyperglycemia and lung dysfunction are not entirely understood. This study examined the effects of high sucrose intake on lung mechanics and alveolar septal composition and tested voluntary activity as an inter...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20102438
更新日期:2019-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::Omics approaches for investigating biological systems were introduced in the mid-1990s and quickly consolidated to become a fundamental pillar of modern biology. The idea of measuring the whole complement of genes, transcripts, proteins, and metabolites has since become widespread and routinely adopted in the pursuit ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms21238987
更新日期:2020-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Chondrocyte hypertrophy is a hallmark of osteoarthritis (OA) pathology. In the present study, we elucidated the mechanism underlying the relationship between the hypertrophy/apoptotic phenotype and OA pathogenesis in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) via gene targeting of distal-less homeobox 5 (DLX...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21144823
更新日期:2020-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::The domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) is an important model organism for the study of avian influenza and other diseases of humans and animals, as well as a popular pet animal. In order to evaluate genetic diversity and study disease relationships in ferrets, 22 nuclear microsatellite loci (17 dinucleotide and 5...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms131216592
更新日期:2012-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::Over 70 different genetic variants with a significant association with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been discovered. Anti-citrullination protein antibodies (ACPA)-positive RA variants are more well-defined than their ACPA-negative counterparts. The human leukocyte antigen, HLA-DRB1 locus remains the prime suspect in...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms17060900
更新日期:2016-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::Innate and adaptive immunity are both involved in acute and chronic inflammatory processes. The main cellular players in the innate immune system are macrophages, mast cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, and natural killer (NK), which offer antigen-independent defense against infection. Helicobacter pylo...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms17010109
更新日期:2016-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Members of the placenta-specific miRNA cluster C19MC, including miR-519d, are secreted by fetal trophoblast cells within extracellular vesicles (EVs). Trophoblast-derived EVs can be internalized by the autologous trophoblast and surrounding maternal immune cells, resulting in coordination of cellular responses. The st...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21103458
更新日期:2020-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::Waterlogging is a serious environmental problem that limits agricultural production in low-lying rainfed areas around the world. The major constraint that plants face in a waterlogging situation is the reduced oxygen availability. Accordingly, all previous efforts of plant breeders focused on traits providing adequate...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20030699
更新日期:2019-02-06 00:00:00
abstract::The applications of ZnO nanoparticles in agriculture have largely contributed to crop growth regulation, quality enhancement, and induction of stress tolerance, while the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, the involvement of melatonin synthesis and metabolism in the process of nano-ZnO induced drought toler...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21030782
更新日期:2020-01-25 00:00:00
abstract::Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a serious environmental pollutant and human toxicant. Mammalian cells are very sensitive to chromate as they lack efficient chromate detoxifying strategy, e.g., chromate-reducing genes that are widely present in prokaryotes. To test whether introduction of prokaryotic chromate-reducing ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms160611892
更新日期:2015-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::Henrin A (1), a new ent-kaurane diterpene, was isolated from the leaves of Pteris henryi. The chemical structure was elucidated by analysis of the spectroscopic data including one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectra, and was further confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The compound was evalu...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms161126071
更新日期:2015-11-24 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Bladder cancer is a heterogeneous malignancy. Therefore, it is difficult to find single predictive markers. Moreover, most studies focus on either the immunohistochemical or molecular assessment of tumor tissues by next-generation sequencing (NGS) or PCR, while a combination of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21197420
更新日期:2020-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::Circadian clock not only functions as a cellular time-keeping mechanism, but also acts as a master regulator to coordinate the tradeoff between plant growth and defense in higher plants by timing a few kinds of phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling, including jasmonic acid (JA). Notably, circadian clock and JA pathw...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms20215254
更新日期:2019-10-23 00:00:00