Abstract:
:Our aim was to investigate the reason for relatively low detection rates for opioids and fentanyl in particular in post-mortem cases in the State of Hamburg. We re-analysed 822 blood samples from two different time periods, 2011/12 and 2016. These samples had been previously analysed in accordance with post-mortem routine by a case selected strategy. All samples were re-analysed with an LC-MS/MS method specific for prescription opioids. The main point in the evaluation was to determine whether the previous analysis strategy had led to underreporting of drug-related deaths (DRD), especially with regard to fentanyl. Another aim was to evaluate changes in prescribing prevalence of opiates and opioids. We compared pharmacy claims data in Hamburg with Germany. The analyses showed that the number of DRD remained unaffected by the new analytical strategy. Detection rates in DRD, however, increased for fentanyl 3.4-fold from 1.2% to 4.1%, buprenorphine from 5.9% to 7.6%, oxycodone from 0% to 1.8%, tilidine from 1.8% to 2.4%. The most frequently detected opioids in DRD cases were methadone (39.4%) and heroin (20%). Prescription rates between 2011-2017 decreased in Hamburg for nearly all opioids, morphine by - 43.5%, buprenorphine - 43%, codeine - 57%, fentanyl - 25%, tilidine -17%, tramadol - 31%, and hydromorphone -6%. Oxycodone, tapentadol, and piritramide prescription rates increased. For Germany, a decrease in the prescription rates for fentanyl was also found during this period (-12.9 %), although not as pronounced as in Hamburg. Prescription rates for methadone were three to greater than five times higher in Hamburg as compared to the German average due to the higher number of substituted persons per inhabitant. Conclusion: Despite the global problem of opioid abuse, there are significant regional differences in the nature and extent of opioid abuse. It is necessary to collect data at the national level to develop appropriate prevention strategies.
journal_name
Forensic Sci Intjournal_title
Forensic science internationalauthors
Schönfeld T,Heinemann A,Schulz M,Gradl G,Andresen-Streichert H,Müller A,Iwersen-Bergmann Sdoi
10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.109970subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-12-01 00:00:00pages
109970eissn
0379-0738issn
1872-6283pii
S0379-0738(19)30382-2journal_volume
305pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In 2017, 47,600 overdose deaths were reported to be associated with the abuse of opioids, including prescription painkillers (e.g. oxycodone), opiates (e.g. heroin), or synthetic opioids (e.g. fentanyl) within the United States. The recent spike in the presence of synthetic opioids in lots of heroin distributed on the...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.04.019
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journal_title:Forensic science international
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journal_title:Forensic science international
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abstract::An improved derivatization method for analysing 12 ring- and N-substituted amphetamine-derivatives in body fluids or seized materials by gas chromatograph combined either with mass spectrometer, electron capture or nitrogen phosphorus detector is presented. Heptafluorobutyric anhydride is used as derivatization reagen...
journal_title:Forensic science international
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doi:10.1016/0379-0738(91)90081-s
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Air weapons are commonly used by civilian populations across the world, particularly by those under 18, and discharges often result in desecration, criminal damage and animal abuse. Online forums and websites provide an accessible resource for civilians to access airgun modification methods proposing to increase muzzl...
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doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.11.004
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journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.055
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journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.02.016
更新日期:2011-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::This chapter employs the fracture assessment triad, a systematic analytical approach, as a vehicle to explore the components used to interpret gunshot trauma to the cranium. First, a list of pertinent observations associated with gunshot trauma to the cranium is presented with a brief description of each. These featur...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.05.019
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In cases where fire debris contains soil, microorganisms can rapidly and irreversibly alter the chemical composition of any ignitable liquid residue that may be present. In this study, differences in microbial degradation due to the season in which the sample is collected was examined. Soil samples were collected from...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.03.013
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence of rare disease may be useful in the identification of unknown remains. Osteodystrophy is a condition commonly associated with chronic renal failure. The presence of renal osteodystrophy and medical artifacts associated with the treatment of kidney failure in human remains may provide information about the in...
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更新日期:1994-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::Buprenorphine is available in Singapore as substitution treatment for opioid dependence since 2002. This study surveys buprenorphine related deaths in Singapore between September 2003 and December 2004. The aims are to establish the autopsy prevalence of buprenorphine related deaths and the demographical and toxicolog...
journal_title:Forensic science international
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doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.03.037
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journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.12.002
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial genotyping can be used for crime scene investigations and contribute to the attribution of biological attacks for microbial forensics. PyroMark ID Pyrosequencer as an accurate detection platform for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has been applied to identify and resolve microorganisms involved in clo...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.11.004
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journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.08.024
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journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0379-0738(91)90174-h
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abstract::The aim of the present study is to appraise the increase of the discrimination power of the Y-specific haplotype allowed by 20 STR markers in a sample of the Italian population. The set of Y STR markers analyzed includes the European "extended haplotype" DYS19, DYS385, DYS389I/II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393 and YC...
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journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.10.023
更新日期:2006-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Almost 6 million people died in Poland during the Nazi occupation and about 570 thousand during the Soviet occupation. But the end of the war was not the end of the trauma. Historians estimate that at least 30 thousand people were killed during the Stalinist regime in Poland. In 2012 the Institute of National Remembra...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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abstract::Genomic DNA samples from 222 individuals from Southern China, 154 individuals from Thailand, 100 individuals from Japan as well as from 124 German individuals were analysed for the short tandem repeat (STR) locus D12S391. Typing was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and subsequent polyacryra...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Forensic science international
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更新日期:2000-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sudden infant death (SID) is an unresolved problem of high relevance and previous studies have indicated a role of viral heart infections. The diagnosis remains difficult in clinical practice using routine diagnostic tests and must be substantially improved. A prospective study based on post-mortem samples from SID vi...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.03.002
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Most individuals detained in police custody are male adolescents or young adults. Demeaning custody conditions, which are common in French police cells, bring to light legitimate questions about the detention of elderly people. We aimed to determine the proportion of detainees over age 60, their health cha...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.04.031
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the last decades, the importance of technical and scientific evidence for the criminal justice system has been steadily increasing. Unfortunately, the weight of forensic evidence is not always easy for the trier of fact to assess, as appears from a brief discussion of some recent cases in which the weight of expe...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2006-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents real world acceleration data for an ambulance driving up and over a curb. A full scale reenactment was performed for a litigated case in which a patient on a gurney in an ambulance claimed a variety of bodily injuries after the ambulance struck a curb. A height and weight matched surrogate rode on ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.01.023
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abstract::Facial profile is an important aspect in physical anthropology, forensic science, and cosmetic research. Thus, facial soft tissue measurement technology plays a significant role in facial restoration. A considerable amount of work has investigated facial soft tissue thickness, which significantly varies according to g...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.04.032
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