Abstract:
:Contamination of food during processing is recognized as a main transmission route of Listeria monocytogenes To prevent microbial contamination, biocides are widely applied as disinfectants in food processing plants. However, there are concerns about the development of antimicrobial resistance in foodborne pathogens due to widespread biocide usage. In our study, 93 L. monocytogenes isolates from German food production facilities were (i) tested for biocide and antibiotic susceptibility using broth microdilution assays, (ii) analyzed for links between reduced biocide susceptibility and antibiotic resistance, and (iii) characterized by whole-genome sequencing, including the detection of genes coding for biocide tolerance, antibiotic resistance, and other virulence factors. Fifteen L. monocytogenes isolates were tolerant to benzalkonium chloride (BAC), and genes conferring BAC tolerance were found in 13 of them. Antibiotic resistance was not associated with biocide tolerance. BAC-tolerant isolates were assigned to 6 multilocus sequence type (MLST) clonal complexes, and most of them harbored internalin A pseudogenes with premature stop codons or deletions (n = 9). Our study demonstrated a high genetic diversity among the investigated isolates including genotypes that are frequently involved in human infections. Although in vitro adaptation studies to biocides have raised concerns about increasing cross-resistance to antibiotics, our results do not provide evidence for this phenomenon in field isolates.IMPORTANCE Foodborne pathogens such as L. monocytogenes can persist in food production environments for a long time, causing perennial outbreaks. Hence, bacterial pathogens are able to survive cleaning and disinfection procedures. Accordingly, they may be repeatedly exposed to sublethal concentrations of disinfectants, which might result in bacterial adaptation to these biocides. Furthermore, antibiotic coresistance and cross-resistance are known to evolve under biocide selection pressure in vitro Hence, antimicrobial tolerance seems to play a crucial role in the resilience and persistence of foodborne pathogens in the food chain and might reduce therapeutic options in infectious diseases.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Roedel A,Dieckmann R,Brendebach H,Hammerl JA,Kleta S,Noll M,Al Dahouk S,Vincze Sdoi
10.1128/AEM.01253-19subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-10-01 00:00:00issue
20eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336pii
AEM.01253-19journal_volume
85pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We screened an Aspergillus tubingensis expression library constructed in the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis for xylogalacturonan-hydrolyzing activity in microwell plates by using a bicinchoninic acid assay. This assay detects reducing carbohydrate groups when they are released from a carbohydrate by enzymatic activity. Tw...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.1.36-41.2000
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The enrichment and isolation of thermophilic bacteria capable of rubber [poly(cis-1,4-isoprene)] degradation revealed eight different strains exhibiting both currently known strategies used by rubber-degrading mesophilic bacteria. Taxonomic characterization of these isolates by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.5.3375-3382.2006
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Listeria app, isolated from 13 of 129 (10%) corn silage samples, 21 of 76 (28%) hay silage samples, and 3 of 5 (60%) grass silage samples during a previous Vermont survey were subjected to automated ribotype (RT) analysis. The 13 positive corn silage samples contained 3 Listeria monocytogenes isolated (three RTs, incl...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.9.3695-3697.1997
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A colorimetric assay for NADPH-dependent, mercuric ion-specific oxidoreductase activity was developed to facilitate the investigation of mercuric reductase gene expression in polluted aquatic ecosystems. Protein molecules extracted directly from unseeded freshwater and samples seeded with Pseudomonas aeruginosa PU21 (...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.2.695-702.1998
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Storage of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains in soil and water microcosms resulted in loss of culturability on standard plating media. Prior incubation in buffered peptone water supplemented with ferrioxamine E markedly extended the time that bacteria were recoverable by plating, except in the case of mu...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.9.4128-4130.2000
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has long been assumed that prolonged holding of environmental samples at the ambient air temperature prior to bacteriological analysis is detrimental to isolation and detection of Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of pandemic cholera. The present study was aimed at understanding the effect of transporting enviro...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.3.2185-2190.2006
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycogen branching enzymes (GBE) or 1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzymes (EC 2.4.1.18) introduce alpha-1,6 branching points in alpha-glucans, e.g., glycogen. To identify structural features in GBEs that determine their branching pattern specificity, the Deinococcus geothermalis and Deinococcus radiodurans GBE (GBE(Dg) a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02141-08
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Free-range geese were sampled longitudinally and Salmonella isolates characterized to reveal highly diverging colonization dynamics. One flock was intermittently colonized with one strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis from 2 weeks of age, while in another, S. enterica serovar Mbandaka appeared after 9 wee...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02356-10
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the relative merits of tryptone yeast extract agar, the same medium unbuffered, and medium M17 for the assay of nine bacteriophages of lactic streptococci, comparative plaque counts were made with an overlay of 3 or 9 ml. Four of the phages exhibited no significant difference in plating efficiency between me...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.40.4.798-802.1980
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protein content of once-washed pellets of Dunaliella primalecta was 35 to 48%. Protein quality was good. Electron microscopy confirmed the absence of a cell wall. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.31.4.602-604.1976
更新日期:1976-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synthetic deoxyoligonucleotide probes that hybridized against the region at positions 455 through 480 of 16S rRNA were developed for the identification of all five Xenorhabdus species. Sequence variation in the respective rRNA region between two strains of Xenorhabdus luminescens in addition allowed the construction o...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.1.181-186.1990
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methanomicrobium mobile requires a heat-stable factor present in ruminal fluid and in boiled cell extract from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum for growth. By comparing the growth of M. mobile with boiled cell extract with that observed with various methanogenic cofactors, we found that 7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonin...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.10.2891-2895.1991
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The facultative anaerobe Thauera aromatica strain AR-1 uses 3,5-dihydroxybenzoate (3,5-DHB) as a sole carbon and energy source under anoxic conditions using an unusual oxidative strategy to overcome aromatic ring stability. A 25-kb gene cluster organized in four main operons encodes the anaerobic degradation pathway f...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02295-18
更新日期:2019-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of copper on the structure and physiology of freshwater biofilm microbial communities. For this purpose, biofilms that were grown during 4 weeks in a shallow, slightly polluted ditch were exposed, in aquaria in our laboratory, to a range of copper concentrations (0, 1, 3, and 10 microM). De...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.8.4512-4521.2004
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aeromonas caviae W-61, which was isolated from water samples at the Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University, produced beta-1, 4-xylanase (1,4-beta-d-xylan xylanohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.8) extracellularly. The xylanase was purified to homogeneity by using DEAE-Sephadex A-50, CM-Sephadex C-50, and Sephadex G-100 column ch...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.2.445-449.1991
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of salinity and growth temperature on the accumulation of intracellular organic solutes was examined in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Palaeococcus ferrophilus. The genus Palaeococcus represents a deep-branching lineage of the order Thermococcales, which diverged before Thermococcus and Pyrococcus. Palaeoco...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.12.8091-8098.2005
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of addition of purified nisin Z in liposomes to cheese milk and of in situ production of nisin Z by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis UL719 in the mixed starter on the inhibition of Listeria innocua in cheddar cheese was evaluated during 6 months of ripening. A cheese mixed starter cultu...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.8.3683-3690.2002
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of Streptococcus species to selectively adhere to the oral epithelial cells of newborns was studied in vitro. On day 1 of life, mucosal cells from normal infants demonstrated selective attraction for the natural distribution of streptococci that would soon colonize these surfaces. Streptococcus salivarius ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.32.4.494-497.1976
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A gene that codes for a novel intracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) depolymerase, designated PhaZ1, has been identified in the genome of Bacillus megaterium. A native PHB (nPHB) granule-binding assay showed that purified soluble PhaZ1 had strong affinity for nPHB granules. Turbidimetric analyses revealed that Ph...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00621-09
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Legionella pneumophila proliferates in freshwater environments at temperatures ranging from 25 to 45°C. To investigate the preference of different sequence types (ST) for a specific temperature range, growth of L. pneumophila serogroup 1 (SG1) ST1 (environmental strains), ST47, and ST62 (disease-associated strains) wa...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01107-16
更新日期:2016-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::The most common source of Salmonella infections in humans is food of poultry origin. Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis has a particular affinity for the contamination of the egg supply. In this study, the medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA), caproic, caprylic, and capric acid, were evaluated for the control of Salmo...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.6.3582-3587.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of Bartonella spp. was investigated in domestic ungulates grazing in communal pastures from a mountain area in northern Spain, where 18.3% (17/93) of cattle were found to be positive by PCR combined with a reverse line blot (PCR/RLB), whereas sheep (n = 133) or horses (n = 91) were found not to be infecte...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03159-14
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We characterized the intracellular symbiotic microbiota of the bamboo pseudococcid Antonina crawii by performing a molecular phylogenetic analysis in combination with in situ hybridization. Almost the entire length of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified and cloned from A. crawii whole DNA. Restriction fragment l...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.2.643-650.2000
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Broiler chickens from eight commercial farms in Southern Finland were analyzed for the structure of their gastrointestinal microbial community by a nonselective DNA-based method, percent G+C-based profiling. The bacteriological impact of the feed source and in-farm whole-wheat amendment of the diet was assessed by per...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.12.5656-5667.2001
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To overcome the limited availability of antibiotic resistance markers in filamentous fungi, we adapted the FLP/FRT recombination system from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for marker recycling. We tested this system in the penicillin producer Penicillium chrysogenum using different experimental approaches. In a tw...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00670-10
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of Cd2+, Cu2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+ on the decomposition of citric acid by a Klebsiella sp. were studied by monitoring the degradation of [14C]citrate. The carbon concentration used was 10 micrograms of C liter-1, and the media were designed to provide at least 95% of the citrate complexed to the metal studied. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.6.1375-1379.1989
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-eight types of lysozyme-sensitive spores among seven Bacillus species representative of thermophiles, mesophiles, and psychrophiles were obtained spanning a 3,000-fold range in moist-heat resistance. The resistance within species was altered by demineralization of the native spores to protonated spores and remi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.52.6.1242-1246.1986
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis was maintained in a chemostat modified for anaerobic conditions to test the effects of dissolved oxygen and Eh on growth. Using a defined medium containing glucose and a dilution rate of 0.16 h -1, a stable population of 3 X 10(9) colony-forming units/ml was present. At this steady...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.31.2.168-172.1976
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Volume 61, no. 4, p. 1211, column 2, line 40: this sentence should read as follows. "The viable-culture methods for Legionella sp. detection, however, often fail, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has turned, when necessary, to PCR for epidemiological investigations of Legionnaires' disease and Pontia...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 is a gram-negative facultative anaerobe capable of utilizing a broad range of electron acceptors, including several solid substrates. S. oneidensis MR-1 can reduce Mn(IV) and Fe(III) oxides and can produce current in microbial fuel cells. The mechanisms that are employed by S. oneidensis MR-...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01087-07
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00