Abstract:
:Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. In the early stages, melanoma can be treated successfully with surgery alone and survival rates are high, but after metastasis survival rates drop significantly. Therefore, early and correct diagnosis is key for ensuring patients have the best possible prognosis. Melanoma misdiagnosis accounts for more pathology and dermatology malpractice claims than any cancer other than breast cancer, as an early misdiagnosis can significantly reduce a patient's chances of survival. As far as treatment for metastatic melanoma goes, there have been several new drugs developed over the last 10 years that have greatly improved the prognosis of patients with metastatic melanoma, however, a majority of patients do not show a lasting response to these treatments. Thus, new biomarkers and drug targets are needed to improve the accuracy of melanoma diagnosis and treatment. This article will discuss the major advancements of melanoma diagnosis and treatment from antiquity to the present day.
journal_name
Cancer Biol Therjournal_title
Cancer biology & therapyauthors
Davis LE,Shalin SC,Tackett AJdoi
10.1080/15384047.2019.1640032subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-01-01 00:00:00pages
1366-1379issue
11eissn
1538-4047issn
1555-8576journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Radiotherapy is a widely used local and regional modality for the treatment of cancer. Despite improved methods of radiation delivery, local recurrence accounts for treatment failure in most patients. Radiosensitizers have been studied as one approach for improving the effectiveness of radiotherapy. Few agents, howeve...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/cbt.2.4.495
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Docetaxel is an important anti-microtubule agent used to treat a variety of solid tumors, including breast cancer; notably, docetaxel-containing regimens improve outcomes for patients in metastatic, adjuvant, and neoadjuvant settings. However, the effectiveness of docetaxel in clinical practice can be compromised by s...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15384047.2020.1831370
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) has been reported for receptor (SSTR) screening in advanced hepatocarcinoma (aHC) prior to somatostatin analogue treatment. AIMS:To evaluate SSTR screening with SRS in aHC patients. RESULTS:Seventy aHC patients (63 men) aged 65 +/- 11 y were included, with alcohol, ...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.4161/cbt.8.21.9737
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor growth is often associated with insufficient apoptosis. The Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) and its proapoptotic receptors death receptor 4 (DR4) and DR5 agonistic monoclonal antibodies are being developed as targeted therapeutics because they kill cancer cells while sparing...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.12.4.17174
更新日期:2011-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), such as gefitinib and erlotinib, are the first targeted therapy drugs approved for the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Interestingly, treatment with these small molecule, reversible EGFR-TKIs leads to more positive respo...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/cbt.9.8.11881
更新日期:2010-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common liver tumor of childhood, usually occurring in children under the age of 3 y. The prognosis of patients presenting with distant metastasis, vascular invasion and advanced tumor stages remains poor and children that do survive often face severe late effects from the aggressive che...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15384047.2016.1235664
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Causes for the complex phenotypes of cancers, such as altered differentiation, invasion and metastasis, are not known, and multigenic defects are likely. In contrast, well-defined deficiencies, such as those affecting DNA-repair mechanisms and enzymatic pathways, are simple, typically caused by one or a few gene mutat...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.8.4.7346
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::RNA-dependent protein kinase is an interferon-induced, double-stranded (ds), RNA-activated serine/threonine protein kinase involved in the eukaryotic response to viral infection. While PKR also functions in cellular differentiation, growth control and apoptosis, its role in human cancer remains poorly understood. To e...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.8.3.7386
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ovarian cancer (OC) is xenogeneic that is influenced by many generated factors related to epigenetic factors to accelerate tumor metastasis. This study was conducted with the objective of investigating the effect of microRNA-23a-3p (miR-23a) on the biological characteristics of OC stem cells by targeting discs large h...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15384047.2019.1579960
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The sensitivity of lung cancer to gefitinib has been found to be associated with mutations at the tyrosine kinase domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), yet similar observations are not available in other solid tumors. We recently identified mutations in the EGFR kinase domain in primary esophageal ...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.5.2.2318
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adverse events in platinum-based chemotherapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are major challenges. In this study, we investigated the role of the p53 and MDM2 genes in predicting adverse events in NSCLC patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Specifically, we examined the p53 ...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/15384047.2014.956599
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nimotuzumab (h-R3) is a humanized anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody (mAb) registered for treating head and neck tumours. The present study was designed to evaluate the systemic and skin toxicity of chronic intravenous administration of the h-R3 in a relevant species demonstrated by comparing th...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.6.9.4539
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::SEPT9 is a mammalian septin family member. There is growing evidence that SEPT9 plays a role in cancer. The protein product, SEPT9_V1, associates with microtubules and interacts with hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha, the regulated subunit of the key transcription factor HIF-1. HIF-1 transcriptional activity is th...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.6.12.4971
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a minimally invasive, depth-resolved imaging tool that can be implemented in a small diameter endoscope for imaging mouse models of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we utilized ultrahigh resolution (UHR) OCT to serially image the lower colon of azoxymethane (AOM) tre...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.6.11.4852
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Colorectal cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Although surgical resection is still the primary treatment for colorectal cancer, in recent years, there has been a remarkable progress in the development of new therapies to treat colorectal cancer. Response rates hav...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/cbt.6.1.3672
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male germ cell tumors (GCTs) are a model for a curable solid tumor. GCTs can differentiate into mature teratomas. Embryonal carcinomas (ECs) represent the stem cell compartment of GCTs and are the malignant counterpart to embryonic stem (ES) cells. GCTs and EC cells are useful to investigate differentiation therapy an...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.27821
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cancer stem cell hypothesis suggests that rare populations of tumor-initiating cells may be resistant to therapy, lead to tumor relapse and contribute to poor prognosis for cancer patients. We previously demonstrated the feasibility of p53 pathway restoration in p53-deficient tumor cell populations using small mol...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.8.22.10446
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::CP-31398, a styrylquinazoline, emerged from a screen for therapeutic agents that restore a wild-type DNA-binding conformation of mutant p53 to suppress tumors in-vivo (Science 286, 2507, 1999). We investigated the growth inhibitory mechanism of CP-31398 using nine human cancer cell lines containing wild-type, mutant o...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.1.1.41
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular regulation of growth and progression of hormone refractory breast and prostate cancers remains challenging. The Division of Cancer Biology, NCI organized a small "think tank" style workshop and invited scientists in relevant areas to assess the state of science on the biology of hormone refractory tumors...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type:
doi:10.4161/cbt.8.21.9918
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypermethylation at certain CpG-rich promoters and hypomethylation at repeated DNA sequences are very frequently found in cancers. We provide the first report that a DNA sequence (NBL2) can be either extensively hypermethylated or hypomethylated in cancer. Previously, it was shown that NBL2, a complex tandem DNA repea...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.4.4.1622
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although targeted therapy directed toward driver mutations has produced a significant efficacy benefit for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), many patients do not possess mutations associated with the approved targeted drugs. Angiogenic agents play an important role in the therapeutic strategy for advan...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/15384047.2017.1414757
更新日期:2018-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::Mcl-1, a pro-survival member of the Bcl-2 protein family, is an attractive target for cancer therapy. We have recently identified the natural product marinopyrrole A (maritoclax) as a novel small molecule Mcl-1 inhibitor. Here, we describe the structure-activity relationship study of pyoluteorin derivatives based on m...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/15384047.2014.972799
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) displays immunosuppressive properties and phenotypic plasticity. The malignant T cells in CTCL can possess features of immunomodulating regulatory T cells (Treg) and IL-17-producing helper T cells (Th17) depending on the stimuli they receive from antigen presenting cells and other sour...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/cbt.12.12.18144
更新日期:2011-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Any drug selects for drug resistance. But super-antagonistic drug combinations can select for drug sensitivity. This has important application not only for antibacterial therapy but also for cancer therapy: to control cancer with lesser side effects and to eliminate drug-resistant cancer cells, while sparing sensitive...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.6.7.4340
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::KLF4 is induced upon growth-arrest in vitro and during epithelial maturation in vivo, and is essential for proper cell fate specification of post-mitotic cells. In spite of a normal role in post-mitotic cells, expression is upregulated and constitutive in certain tumor types. KLF4 functions as an oncogene in vitro, an...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.4.12.2355
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancers often have deregulated hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and c-Met signaling that results in increased tumor growth and invasion. Elucidating the mechanism responsible for HGF/c-Met action in breast cancer progression has been difficult as c-Met communicates with a number of secondary receptors that can le...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.6.4.3851
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) progresses from a chronic phase to a deadly blast crisis phase. While it is known that BCR-ABL initiates the disease and that secondary molecular and genetic abnormalities likely contribute to progression of the disease to blast crisis, details regarding the mechanism(s) of blast phase p...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.10.10.14010
更新日期:2010-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The Forkhead Box transcription factor FoxM1 regulates expression of genes that promote cell cycle progression, and it plays essential roles in the development of liver, lung, prostate and colorectal tumors. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) activate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), a ligand-activa...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.9.12.11710
更新日期:2010-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most prevalent and deadly cancer worldwide. Due to the mortality and morbidity associated with chemotherapeutic regimes, research is turning to natural product enhancement of the acute apoptotic response to genotoxic carcinogens (AARGC). Although Tyrian purple dye pigments and pre...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.9.5.10887
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vasculogenic mimicry reflects the plasticity of aggressive tumor cells that express vascular cell markers and line tumor vasculature; such has been demonstrated in aggressive ovarian carcinoma. This study measured the clinical significance of tumor cell-lined vasculature in ovarian carcinomas (n=77), which was detecte...
journal_title:Cancer biology & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/cbt.316
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00