Abstract:
:Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary liver cancer. Appropriate treatment of this aggressive and heterogeneous cancer requires accurate staging and prognostic stratification, as does patient selection for clinical trials. Over the past two decades, several staging systems and prognostic models for ICC have been developed. Most include independent prognostic factors such as tumor extent, clinical parameters and histopathological features and are inaccurate. Accumulating findings offer new insights into the genetic and molecular basis of ICC progression. Hence, staging systems and prognostic models that incorporate in clinicalpathological factors, molecular and genomic information, and tumor biomarkers, and hence more accurately estimate prognosis, will become a reality. This review summarizes the current staging systems and prognostic models for ICC and highlights the need to establish more precise and personalized systems and models that incorporate tumor biologic factors.
journal_name
Cancer Lettjournal_title
Cancer lettersauthors
Cheng Z,Lei Z,Shen Fdoi
10.1016/j.canlet.2019.114426subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-09-28 00:00:00pages
10-17eissn
0304-3835issn
1872-7980pii
S0304-3835(19)30348-9journal_volume
460pub_type
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