Abstract:
:Oxygen, one of the most abundant elements on Earth, often forms an undesired interstitial impurity or ceramic phase (such as an oxide particle) in metallic materials. Even when it adds strength, oxygen doping renders metals brittle1-3. Here we show that oxygen can take the form of ordered oxygen complexes, a state in between oxide particles and frequently occurring random interstitials. Unlike traditional interstitial strengthening4,5, such ordered interstitial complexes lead to unprecedented enhancement in both strength and ductility in compositionally complex solid solutions, the so-called high-entropy alloys (HEAs)6-10. The tensile strength is enhanced (by 48.5 ± 1.8 per cent) and ductility is substantially improved (by 95.2 ± 8.1 per cent) when doping a model TiZrHfNb HEA with 2.0 atomic per cent oxygen, thus breaking the long-standing strength-ductility trade-off11. The oxygen complexes are ordered nanoscale regions within the HEA characterized by (O, Zr, Ti)-rich atomic complexes whose formation is promoted by the existence of chemical short-range ordering among some of the substitutional matrix elements in the HEAs. Carbon has been reported to improve strength and ductility simultaneously in face-centred cubic HEAs12, by lowering the stacking fault energy and increasing the lattice friction stress. By contrast, the ordered interstitial complexes described here change the dislocation shear mode from planar slip to wavy slip, and promote double cross-slip and thus dislocation multiplication through the formation of Frank-Read sources (a mechanism explaining the generation of multiple dislocations) during deformation. This ordered interstitial complex-mediated strain-hardening mechanism should be particularly useful in Ti-, Zr- and Hf-containing alloys, in which interstitial elements are highly undesirable owing to their embrittlement effects, and in alloys where tuning the stacking fault energy and exploiting athermal transformations13 do not lead to property enhancement. These results provide insight into the role of interstitial solid solutions and associated ordering strengthening mechanisms in metallic materials.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Lei Z,Liu X,Wu Y,Wang H,Jiang S,Wang S,Hui X,Wu Y,Gault B,Kontis P,Raabe D,Gu L,Zhang Q,Chen H,Wang H,Liu J,An K,Zeng Q,Nieh TG,Lu Zdoi
10.1038/s41586-018-0685-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-11-01 00:00:00pages
546-550issue
7732eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687pii
10.1038/s41586-018-0685-yjournal_volume
563pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract::In Fig. 3d this Letter, the R2 value should have been '0.19' instead of '0.66'; this has been corrected online. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-0893-0
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetic fields play a part in almost all stages of stellar evolution. Most low-mass stars, including the Sun, show surface fields that are generated by dynamo processes in their convective envelopes. Intermediate-mass stars do not have deep convective envelopes, although 10 per cent exhibit strong surface fields that...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature16171
更新日期:2016-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::MyoD1 and myogenin are muscle-specific proteins which can convert non-myogenic cells in culture to differentiated muscle fibres, implicating them in myogenic determination. The pattern of expression of MyoD1 and myogenin during the early stages of muscle formation in the mouse embryo in vivo and in limb-bud explants c...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/341303a0
更新日期:1989-09-28 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 新闻
doi:10.1038/d41586-018-07268-2
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is thought that neutron stars in low-mass binary systems can accrete matter and angular momentum from the companion star and be spun-up to millisecond rotational periods. During the accretion stage, the system is called a low-mass X-ray binary, and bright X-ray emission is observed. When the rate of mass transfer d...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature12470
更新日期:2013-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::In infected cells, the RNA genomes of RNA tumour viruses are copied into DNA by a virus-encoded reverse transcriptase enzyme. This transfer of information from RNA into DNA was thought to be a unique feature of RNA tumour viruses, but recent results suggest it may be a more general strategy. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) ha...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/305827a0
更新日期:1983-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::The most recent Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa, which was unprecedented in the number of cases and fatalities, geographic distribution, and number of nations affected, highlights the need for safe, effective, and readily available antiviral agents for treatment and prevention of acute Ebola virus (EBOV) disease (...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature17180
更新日期:2016-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::In mice, the Ter mutation causes primordial germ cell (PGC) loss in all genetic backgrounds. Ter is also a potent modifier of spontaneous testicular germ cell tumour (TGCT) susceptibility in the 129 family of inbred strains, and markedly increases TGCT incidence in 129-Ter/Ter males. In 129-Ter/Ter mice, some of the r...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature03595
更新日期:2005-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::Guanine-nucleotide exchange factors on ADP-ribosylation factor GTPases (ARF-GEFs) regulate vesicle formation in time and space by activating ARF substrates on distinct donor membranes. Mammalian GBF1 (ref. 2) and yeast Gea1/2 (ref. 3) ARF-GEFs act at Golgi membranes, regulating COPI-coated vesicle formation. In contra...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05967
更新日期:2007-07-26 00:00:00
abstract::Plants encounter a myriad of microorganisms, particularly at the root-soil interface, that can invade with detrimental or beneficial outcomes. Prevalent beneficial associations between plants and microorganisms include those that promote plant growth by facilitating the acquisition of limiting nutrients such as nitrog...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nature22009
更新日期:2017-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The central nervous system (CNS) requires a tightly controlled environment free of toxins and pathogens to provide the proper chemical composition for neural function. This environment is maintained by the 'blood-brain barrier' (BBB), which is composed of blood vessels whose endothelial cells display specialized tight...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature13324
更新日期:2014-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor type I (TGF) are polypeptides of 53 and 50 amino acid residues, respectively. Both bind to EGF receptor, a 1,200-residue transmembranous glycoprotein, leading to phosphorylation of the receptor, enhancement of its tyrosine-specific kinase activity and ultima...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/313491a0
更新日期:1985-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::Apolipoprotein B (apo B) is crucial for the transport of cholesterol in humans. It is a large secretory protein that mediates the uptake of low-density lipoproteins and renders several forms of lipid droplets soluble in the blood. The binding of lipid by apo B also prevents this hydrophobic protein from precipitating ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/346382a0
更新日期:1990-07-26 00:00:00
abstract::In response to adenosine 5'-diphosphate, the P2Y1 receptor (P2Y1R) facilitates platelet aggregation, and thus serves as an important antithrombotic drug target. Here we report the crystal structures of the human P2Y1R in complex with a nucleotide antagonist MRS2500 at 2.7 Å resolution, and with a non-nucleotide antago...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature14287
更新日期:2015-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::We have designed a bacterial system that is switched between different states by red light. The system consists of a synthetic sensor kinase that allows a lawn of bacteria to function as a biological film, such that the projection of a pattern of light on to the bacteria produces a high-definition (about 100 megapixel...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature04405
更新日期:2005-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::Since 1814, when rubella was first described, the origins of the disease and its causative agent, rubella virus (Matonaviridae: Rubivirus), have remained unclear1. Here we describe ruhugu virus and rustrela virus in Africa and Europe, respectively, which are, to our knowledge, the first known relatives of rubella viru...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2812-9
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anomalies in temperature and precipitation in northern Russia over the past few years have been viewed as manifestations of anthropogenic climate change, prompting suggestions that this may also account for exceptional forest fires in the region. Here we examine the number of forest-fire events across the boreal Russi...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/440436a
更新日期:2006-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::Surface melt on the Greenland ice sheet has shown increasing trends in areal extent and duration since the beginning of the satellite era. Records for melt were broken in 2005, 2007, 2010 and 2012. Much of the increased surface melt is occurring in the percolation zone, a region of the accumulation area that is perenn...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11566
更新日期:2012-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::Water masers are found in dense molecular clouds closely associated with supermassive black holes at the centres of active galaxies. On the basis of the understanding of the local water-maser luminosity function, it was expected that masers at intermediate and high redshifts would be extremely rare. However, galaxies ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07544
更新日期:2008-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::The Arabidopsis thaliana protein UVR8 is a photoreceptor for ultraviolet-B. Upon ultraviolet-B irradiation, UVR8 undergoes an immediate switch from homodimer to monomer, which triggers a signalling pathway for ultraviolet protection. The mechanism by which UVR8 senses ultraviolet-B remains largely unknown. Here we rep...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature10931
更新日期:2012-02-29 00:00:00
abstract::Electrophoretic studies suggest that bacterial populations consist of a number of independent clones and that genetic recombination is rare in nature. But DNA sequencing reveals that individual bacterial genes have a mosaic structure that could have arisen only by recombination. How can these observations be reconcile...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/349029a0
更新日期:1991-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::Fusion of myeloma cells and B lymphocytes to form hybridomas which produce monoclonal antibodies has been a major advance, but the poor efficiency and randomness of viral or polyethylene glycol fusion techniques generally gives poor yields of specific, high affinity antibodies. High voltage electrical fields with diel...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/310792a0
更新日期:1984-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::Finite element analysis (FEA) is used by industrial designers and biomechanicists to estimate the performance of engineered structures or human skeletal and soft tissues subjected to varying regimes of stress and strain. FEA is rarely applied to problems of biomechanical design in animals, despite its potential to inf...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35059070
更新日期:2001-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::Overexploitation of renewable resources today has a high cost on the welfare of future generations. Unlike in other public goods games, however, future generations cannot reciprocate actions made today. What mechanisms can maintain cooperation with the future? To answer this question, we devise a new experimental para...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature13530
更新日期:2014-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::Called the "mystery of mysteries" by Darwin, speciation is still a little-understood area of evolution. Genetic analysis, however, has yielded new generalizations about speciation and suggests promising avenues of research. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/355511a0
更新日期:1992-02-06 00:00:00
abstract::Sex is expensive. A population of females that reproduce asexually should prima facie have twice the growth rate of an otherwise equivalent anisogamous sexual population lacking paternal care, or a population with modes of paternal care that can be co-opted by parthenogenetic females. The two leading theories for the ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35079578
更新日期:2001-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::DNA fragments of chemically transformed and normal avian and murine cells induce transformation of NIH 3T3 mouse cells with low efficiencies. High molecular weight DNAs of cells transformed by DNA fragments induce transformation with high efficiencies in secondary transfection assays. It thus seems that endogenous tra...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/284418a0
更新日期:1980-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelial cells adopt tissue-specific characteristics to instruct organ development and regeneration1,2. This adaptability is lost in cultured adult endothelial cells, which do not vascularize tissues in an organotypic manner. Here, we show that transient reactivation of the embryonic-restricted ETS variant transcri...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2712-z
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::During embryogenesis, body pattern is established in a stepwise process. After specification of the body axis, the embryo is subdivided into smaller units. Within these units, a diverse array of cell types is then generated. The subdivisions of the Drosophila embryo, called parasegments, are defined by the interface b...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/360347a0
更新日期:1992-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Dopamine modulates medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity to mediate diverse behavioural functions1,2; however, the precise circuit computations remain unknown. One potentially unifying model by which dopamine may underlie a diversity of functions is by modulating the signal-to-noise ratio in subpopulations of mPFC ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0682-1
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00