Cooperating with the future.

abstract：:Collagen fibrils have been extensively studied by electron microscopy, but only scant evidence has yet been obtained about their transverse structure. A transverse pediodicity of about 40 or 80 A might be expected if the microfibril model (until recently the common preference) is correct, but little direct evidence fo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Squire JM,Freundlich A

更新日期：1980-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Living organisms rely on simultaneous reactions catalysed by mutually compatible and selective enzymes to synthesize complex natural products and other metabolites. To combine the advantages of these biological systems with the reactivity of artificial chemical catalysts, chemists have devised sequential, concurrent, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Litman ZC,Wang Y,Zhao H,Hartwig JF

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent theory on sexual selection suggests that females in species without paternal care choose mates by their secondary sexual characters because these indicate genotypic quality which will be transmitted to the offspring. These ideas are not yet empirically supported as data quantifying the relationship between fema...

journal_title：Nature

authors： von Schantz T,Göransson G,Andersson G,Fröberg I,Grahn M,Helgée A,Wittzell H

更新日期：1989-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The concept of hierarchical bottom-up structuring commonly encountered in natural materials provides inspiration for the design of complex artificial materials with advanced functionalities. Natural processes have achieved the orchestration of multicomponent systems across many length scales with very high precision, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gröschel AH,Walther A,Löbling TI,Schacher FH,Schmalz H,Müller AH

更新日期：2013-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Ageing is a result of gradual and overall functional deteriorations across the body; however, it is unknown whether an individual tissue primarily works to mediate the ageing progress and control lifespan. Here we show that the hypothalamus is important for the development of whole-body ageing in mice, and that the un...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang G,Li J,Purkayastha S,Tang Y,Zhang H,Yin Y,Li B,Liu G,Cai D

更新日期：2013-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The well known trade-off between hardness and toughness (resistance to fracture) makes simultaneous improvement of both properties challenging, especially in diamond. The hardness of diamond can be increased through nanostructuring strategies1,2, among which the formation of high-density nanoscale twins - crystalline ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yue Y,Gao Y,Hu W,Xu B,Wang J,Zhang X,Zhang Q,Wang Y,Ge B,Yang Z,Li Z,Ying P,Liu X,Yu D,Wei B,Wang Z,Zhou XF,Guo L,Tian Y

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Suppressor of cytokine signalling-2 (SOCS-2) is a member of the suppressor of cytokine signalling family, a group of related proteins implicated in the negative regulation of cytokine action through inhibition of the Janus kinase (JAK) signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signal-transduction pathw...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Metcalf D,Greenhalgh CJ,Viney E,Willson TA,Starr R,Nicola NA,Hilton DJ,Alexander WS

更新日期：2000-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:D-type cyclins, in association with the cyclin-dependent kinases Cdk4 or Cdk6, promote progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle by phosphorylating the retinoblastoma protein (RB). The activities of Cdk4 and Cdk6 are constrained by inhibitors such as p16, the product of the CDKN2 gene on human chromosome 9p21...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lukas J,Parry D,Aagaard L,Mann DJ,Bartkova J,Strauss M,Peters G,Bartek J

更新日期：1995-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in the Schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc8 gene impair cytokinesis. Here we clone cdc8+ and find that it encodes a novel tropomyosin. Gene disruption results in lethal arrest of the cell cycle, but spore germination, cell growth, DNA replication and mitosis are all unaffected. Haploid cdc8 gene disruptants are re...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Balasubramanian MK,Helfman DM,Hemmingsen SM

更新日期：1992-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Multicomponent reactions are relied on in both academic and industrial synthetic organic chemistry owing to their step- and atom-economy advantages over traditional synthetic sequences1. Recently, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) motifs have become valuable as pharmaceutical bioisosteres of benzene rings, and in particular...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang X,Smith RT,Le C,McCarver SJ,Shireman BT,Carruthers NI,MacMillan DWC

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:53BP1 governs a specialized, context-specific branch of the classical non-homologous end joining DNA double-strand break repair pathway. Mice lacking 53bp1 (also known as Trp53bp1) are immunodeficient owing to a complete loss of immunoglobulin class-switch recombination1,2, and reduced fidelity of long-range V(D)J rec...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ghezraoui H,Oliveira C,Becker JR,Bilham K,Moralli D,Anzilotti C,Fischer R,Deobagkar-Lele M,Sanchiz-Calvo M,Fueyo-Marcos E,Bonham S,Kessler BM,Rottenberg S,Cornall RJ,Green CM,Chapman JR

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oligonucleotide and complementary DNA microarrays are being used to subclassify histologically similar tumours, monitor disease progress, and individualize treatment regimens. However, extracting new biological insight from high-throughput genomic studies of human diseases is a challenge, limited by difficulties in re...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Calvano SE,Xiao W,Richards DR,Felciano RM,Baker HV,Cho RJ,Chen RO,Brownstein BH,Cobb JP,Tschoeke SK,Miller-Graziano C,Moldawer LL,Mindrinos MN,Davis RW,Tompkins RG,Lowry SF,Inflamm and Host Response to Injury Large Scale

更新日期：2005-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous reports have emphasized the need for major changes in the global food system: agriculture must meet the twin challenge of feeding a growing population, with rising demand for meat and high-calorie diets, while simultaneously minimizing its global environmental impacts. Organic farming—a system aimed at produc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Seufert V,Ramankutty N,Foley JA

更新日期：2012-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Contraction of cardiac muscle depends on a transient rise of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) which is initiated by the action potential. It has, however, also been suggested that [Ca2+]i can fluctuate in the absence of changes in membrane potential. The evidence for this is indirect and comes from observ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Orchard CH,Eisner DA,Allen DG

更新日期：1983-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The antigen receptors on mature B lymphocytes are membrane-bound immunoglobulins of the IgM and IgD classes whose cross-linking by polyvalent antigens results in B-cell proliferation and differentiation. How these membrane-bound immunoglobulin chains, which lack a cytoplasmic tail, generate a cell activation signal is...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hombach J,Tsubata T,Leclercq L,Stappert H,Reth M

更新日期：1990-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Endothelial cells line the inner surface of blood vessels and act as the main barrier to the passage of cells and large molecules from the blood stream to the tissues. Recent interest in the part played by the endothelium in regulating vascular tone has focused on the synthesis and secretion of prostacyclin and an end...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lansman JB,Hallam TJ,Rink TJ

更新日期：1987-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnetic reconnection is the process by which magnetic field lines of opposite polarity reconfigure to a lower-energy state, with the release of magnetic energy to the surroundings. Reconnection at the Earth's dayside magnetopause and in the magnetotail allows the solar wind into the magnetosphere. It begins in a smal...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Oieroset M,Phan TD,Fujimoto M,Lin RP,Lepping RP

更新日期：2001-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of photolabile caged neurotransmitters has made possible the study of the split-second kinetics of receptor-ligand interactions. An instrument has now been developed for activating the neurotransmitter and measuring the neuron's response. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Marque JJ

更新日期：1989-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Classical endocrine studies have shown that steroid hormones are required for the maintenance of pregnancy and placental viability. The oestrogen-receptor-related receptor beta (ERR-beta) is an orphan member of the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors. Although ERR-beta is homologous to the oestrogen receptor and ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Luo J,Sladek R,Bader JA,Matthyssen A,Rossant J,Giguère V

更新日期：1997-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:When a person walks through a rigid environment while holding eyes and head fixed, the pattern of retinal motion flows radially away from a point, the focus of expansion (Fig. 1a). Under such conditions of translation, heading corresponds to the focus of expansion and people identify it readily. But when making an eye...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Royden CS,Banks MS,Crowell JA

更新日期：1992-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:High mobility group 1 (HMGB1) protein is both a nuclear factor and a secreted protein. In the cell nucleus it acts as an architectural chromatin-binding factor that bends DNA and promotes protein assembly on specific DNA targets. Outside the cell, it binds with high affinity to RAGE (the receptor for advanced glycatio...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Scaffidi P,Misteli T,Bianchi ME

更新日期：2002-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Visual stimuli can acquire positive or negative value through their association with rewards and punishments, a process called reinforcement learning. Although we now know a great deal about how the brain analyses visual information, we know little about how visual representations become linked with values. To study t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Paton JJ,Belova MA,Morrison SE,Salzman CD

更新日期：2006-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Most species live in species-rich food webs; yet, for a century, most mathematical models for population dynamics have included only one or two species. We ask whether such models are relevant to the real world. Two-species population models of an interacting consumer and resource collapse to one-species dynamics when...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Murdoch WW,Kendall BE,Nisbet RM,Briggs CJ,McCauley E,Bolser R

更新日期：2002-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonrandom chromosome rearrangements, observed in a variety of human and animal tumours, are associated in some cases with enhanced expression or deregulation of cellular oncogenes. Recently, it was shown that normal, diploid rodent cells are neoplastically transformed following transfection with two cooperating oncoge...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Oshimura M,Gilmer TM,Barrett JC

更新日期：1985-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacillus cereus is an opportunistic pathogen causing food poisoning manifested by diarrhoeal or emetic syndromes. It is closely related to the animal and human pathogen Bacillus anthracis and the insect pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis, the former being used as a biological weapon and the latter as a pesticide. B. anth...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ivanova N,Sorokin A,Anderson I,Galleron N,Candelon B,Kapatral V,Bhattacharyya A,Reznik G,Mikhailova N,Lapidus A,Chu L,Mazur M,Goltsman E,Larsen N,D'Souza M,Walunas T,Grechkin Y,Pusch G,Haselkorn R,Fonstein M,Ehrli

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding cellular response to environmental stress has broad implications for human disease. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) orchestrates the regulation of energy-generating and -consuming pathways, and protects the heart against ischaemic injury and apoptosis. A role for circulating hormones such as adiponec...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Miller EJ,Li J,Leng L,McDonald C,Atsumi T,Bucala R,Young LH

更新日期：2008-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:During development, cells interpret complex and often conflicting signals to make optimal decisions. Plant stomata, the cellular interface between a plant and the atmosphere, develop according to positional cues, which include a family of secreted peptides called epidermal patterning factors (EPFs). How these signalli...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lee JS,Hnilova M,Maes M,Lin YC,Putarjunan A,Han SK,Avila J,Torii KU

更新日期：2015-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Transmission of obligate bacterial symbionts between generations is vital for the survival of the host. Although the larvae of certain hydrothermal vent tubeworms (Vestimentifera, Siboglinidae) are symbiont-free and possess a transient digestive system, these structures are lost during development, resulting in adult ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nussbaumer AD,Fisher CR,Bright M

更新日期：2006-05-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Globular star clusters that formed at the same cosmic time may have evolved rather differently from the dynamical point of view (because that evolution depends on the internal environment) through a variety of processes that tend progressively to segregate stars more massive than the average towards the cluster centre...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ferraro FR,Lanzoni B,Dalessandro E,Beccari G,Pasquato M,Miocchi P,Rood RT,Sigurdsson S,Sills A,Vesperini E,Mapelli M,Contreras R,Sanna N,Mucciarelli A

更新日期：2012-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Morphogens act in developing tissues to control the spatial arrangement of cellular differentiation. The activity of a morphogen has generally been viewed as a concentration-dependent response to a diffusible signal, but the duration of morphogen signalling can also affect cellular responses. One such example is the m...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dessaud E,Yang LL,Hill K,Cox B,Ulloa F,Ribeiro A,Mynett A,Novitch BG,Briscoe J

更新日期：2007-11-29 00:00:00