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NATURE文献大全abstract::The structure of an N-terminal fragment of CD4 has been determined to 2.4 A resolution. It has two tightly abutting domains connected by a continuous beta strand. Both have the immunoglobulin fold, but domain 2 has a truncated beta barrel and a non-standard disulphide bond. The binding sites for monoclonal antibodies,...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/348411a0
更新日期:1990-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Living organisms rely on simultaneous reactions catalysed by mutually compatible and selective enzymes to synthesize complex natural products and other metabolites. To combine the advantages of these biological systems with the reactivity of artificial chemical catalysts, chemists have devised sequential, concurrent, ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0413-7
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::For a system at a temperature of absolute zero, all thermal fluctuations are frozen out, while quantum fluctuations prevail. These microscopic quantum fluctuations can induce a macroscopic phase transition in the ground state of a many-body system when the relative strength of two competing energy terms is varied acro...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/415039a
更新日期:2002-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::Oxygen and silicon isotope compositions of cherts and studies of protein evolution have been interpreted to reflect ocean temperatures of 55-85 degrees C during the early Palaeoarchaean era ( approximately 3.5 billion years ago). A recent study combining oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions of cherts, however, mak...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature08952
更新日期:2010-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Regulation of the rapid compensatory growth seen in the remaining adrenal gland of rats following unilateral adrenalectomy is poorly understood. The role of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is obscure as immunoneutralization of circulating ACTH does not affect the observed compensatory growth or hyperplasia. This fi...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/306070a0
更新日期:1983-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::An ongoing challenge in chemical research is to design catalysts that select the outcomes of the reactions of complex molecules. Chemists rely on organocatalysts or transition metal catalysts to control stereoselectivity, regioselectivity and periselectivity (selectivity among possible pericyclic reactions). Nature ac...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2743-5
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Kondo effect--a many-body phenomenon in condensed-matter physics involving the interaction between a localized spin and free electrons--was discovered in metals containing small amounts of magnetic impurities, although it is now recognized to be of fundamental importance in a wide class of correlated electron syst...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35015509
更新日期:2000-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cellulose is the major polysaccharide component of plant cell walls and is the most abundant organic compound on the planet. A number of bacterial and fungal organisms can use cellulose as a food source, possessing cellulases (cellobiohydrolases and endoglucanases) that can catalyse the hydrolysis of the beta-(1,4) gl...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/365362a0
更新日期:1993-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Ice sheets are currently ignored in global methane budgets1,2. Although ice sheets have been proposed to contain large reserves of methane that may contribute to a rise in atmospheric methane concentration if released during periods of rapid ice retreat3,4, no data exist on the current methane footprint of ice sheets....
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0800-0
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Photoreceptors of the vertebrate retina hyperpolarize in response to light. The hyperpolarization elicited by a brief flash is approximately ten times slower in rods than in cones of the same retina. We have examined the amplification and temporal properties of synaptic transfer of rod and cone signals to a common pos...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/296862a0
更新日期:1982-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::Deaf children whose access to usable conventional linguistic input, signed or spoken, is severely limited nevertheless use gesture to communicate. These gestures resemble natural language in that they are structured at the level both of sentence and of word. Although the inclination to use gesture may be traceable to ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/34646
更新日期:1998-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Pheromone-based behaviours are crucial in animals from insects to mammals, and reproductive isolation is often based on pheromone differences. However, the genetic mechanisms by which pheromone signals change during the evolution of new species are largely unknown. In the sexual communication system of moths (Insecta:...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09058
更新日期:2010-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::7SL RNA is an abundant cytoplasmic RNA which functions in protein secretion as a component of the signal recognition particle. Alu sequences are the most abundant family of human and rodent middle repetitive DNA sequences (reviewed in ref. 2). The primary structure of human 7SL RNA consists of an Alu sequence interrup...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/312171a0
更新日期:1984-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::The atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p(CO(2))) will almost certainly be double that of pre-industrial levels by 2100 and will be considerably higher than at any time during the past few million years. The oceans are a principal sink for anthropogenic CO(2) where it is estimated to have caused a 30% incr...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07051
更新日期:2008-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to form integrated circuits on flexible sheets of plastic enables attributes (for example conformal and flexible formats and lightweight and shock resistant construction) in electronic devices that are difficult or impossible to achieve with technologies that use semiconductor wafers or glass plates as sub...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07110
更新日期:2008-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::DNA sequences containing the 5'-flanking regions of the insulin and chymotrypsin genes were linked to the coding sequence of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene. The insulin gene recombinant elicits preferential expression of CAT activity when introduced into cells producing insulin; similarly, the chymot...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/306557a0
更新日期:1983-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::For unknown reasons, autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes develop after prolonged periods of inflammation of mononuclear cells in target tissues. Here we show that progression of pancreatic islet inflammation to overt diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice is driven by the 'avidity maturation' of a prevailing...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35021081
更新日期:2000-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::Post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins plays an important part in mediating protein interactions and/or the recruitment of specific protein targets. PTM can be mediated by the addition of functional groups (for example, acetylation or phosphorylation), peptides (for example, ubiquitylation or sumoylation), ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature06420
更新日期:2008-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::DNA mismatch repair is critical for increasing replication fidelity in organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. MutS protein, a member of the ABC ATPase superfamily, recognizes mispaired and unpaired bases in duplex DNA and initiates mismatch repair. Mutations in human MutS genes cause a predisposition to hereditary...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35037509
更新日期:2000-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::Human lymphocytes have been shown to lyse in vitro a large variety of target cells derived from tumour as well as normal tissues. The effector cells involved in this spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (SCMC) have generally been characterised as lymphocytes which lack surface membrane immunoglobulin (sIg) and lack ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/283574a0
更新日期:1980-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid warming over the past 50 years on the Antarctic Peninsula is associated with the collapse of a number of ice shelves and accelerating glacier mass loss. In contrast, warming has been comparatively modest over West Antarctica and significant changes have not been observed over most of East Antarctica, suggesting ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11391
更新日期:2012-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::Extinction from habitat loss is the signature conservation problem of the twenty-first century. Despite its importance, estimating extinction rates is still highly uncertain because no proven direct methods or reliable data exist for verifying extinctions. The most widely used indirect method is to estimate extinction...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09985
更新日期:2011-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus pneumoniae, the pneumococcus, is the most common cause of sepsis and meningitis. Multiple-antibiotic-resistant strains are widespread, and vancomycin is the antibiotic of last resort. Emergence of vancomycin resistance in this community-acquired bacterium would be catastrophic. Antibiotic tolerance, the ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/21202
更新日期:1999-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::Copy number variation (CNV) of DNA sequences is functionally significant but has yet to be fully ascertained. We have constructed a first-generation CNV map of the human genome through the study of 270 individuals from four populations with ancestry in Europe, Africa or Asia (the HapMap collection). DNA from these ind...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05329
更新日期:2006-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::The well known trade-off between hardness and toughness (resistance to fracture) makes simultaneous improvement of both properties challenging, especially in diamond. The hardness of diamond can be increased through nanostructuring strategies1,2, among which the formation of high-density nanoscale twins - crystalline ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2361-2
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patterning matter on the nanometre scale is an important objective of current materials chemistry and physics. It is driven by both the need to further miniaturize electronic components and the fact that at the nanometre scale, materials properties are strongly size-dependent and thus can be tuned sensitively. In nano...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/382609a0
更新日期:1996-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Lantibiotics are a class of peptide antibiotics that contain one or more thioether bonds. The lantibiotic nisin is an antimicrobial peptide that is widely used as a food preservative to combat food-borne pathogens. Nisin contains dehydroalanine and dehydrobutyrine residues that are formed by the dehydration of Ser/Thr...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature13888
更新日期:2015-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Transection of a sensory nerve in adults results in profound abnormalities in sensory perception, even if the severed nerve is surgically repaired to facilitate accurate nerve regeneration. In marked contrast, fewer perceptual errors follow nerve transection and surgical repair in children. The basis for this superior...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/381069a0
更新日期:1996-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::Immune-challenged vertebrate females transfer specific antibodies to their offspring, but this gratuitous immunity cannot operate in invertebrates. Here we show that constitutive immune defence is enhanced in sexual offspring of the bumble-bee Bombus terrestris L. when the parental colony is immune-challenged. Our fin...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35107138
更新日期:2001-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothesis that animal population dynamics may be synchronized by climate is highly relevant in the context of climate change because it suggests that several populations might respond simultaneously to climatic trends if their dynamics are entrained by environmental correlation. The dynamics of many species throu...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature01064
更新日期:2002-11-14 00:00:00