Abstract：
:Brain sex differences are programmed largely by sex hormone secretions and direct sex chromosome effects in early life, and are subsequently modulated by early life experiences. The brain's resident immune cells, called microglia, actively contribute to brain development. Recent research has shown that microglia are sexually dimorphic, especially during early life, and may participate in sex-specific organization of the brain and behavior. Likewise, sex differences in immune cells and their signaling in the adult brain have been found, although in most cases their function remains unclear. Additionally, immune cells and their signaling have been implicated in many disorders in which brain development or plasticity is altered, including autism, schizophrenia, pain disorders, major depression, and postpartum depression. This review summarizes what is currently known about sex differences in neuroimmune function in development and during other major phases of brain plasticity, as well as the current state of knowledge regarding sex-specific neuroimmune function in psychiatric disorders.
journal_name
Prog Neurobioljournal_title
Progress in neurobiologyauthors
Nelson LH,Saulsbery AI,Lenz KMdoi
10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.09.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-05-01 00:00:00pages
103-119eissn
0301-0082issn
1873-5118pii
S0301-0082(18)30052-2journal_volume
176pub_type
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