Noradrenaline involvement in basic and higher integrated REM sleep processes.

abstract：:This review gives an overview of recent findings and developments in research on brain mechanisms of reward and reinforcement from studies using the place preference conditioning paradigm, with emphasis on those studies that have been published within the last decade. Methodological issues of the paradigm (such as des...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Tzschentke TM

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) are the primary source of new neurons in the brain and serve critical roles in tissue homeostasis and plasticity throughout life. Within the vertebrate brain, NSPCs are located within distinct neurogenic niches differing in their location, cellular composition, and proliferativ...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Lindsey BW,Hall ZJ,Heuzé A,Joly JS,Tropepe V,Kaslin J

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is suggested that the anatomical structures which mediate consciousness evolved as decisive embellishments to a (non-conscious) design strategy present even in the simplest unicellular organisms. Consciousness is thus not the pinnacle of a hierarchy whose base is the primitive reflex, because reflexes require a ner...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Cotterill RM

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunocytochemical mapping studies employing the extensively used monoclonal anti-muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antibody M35 are reviewed. We focus on three neuronal muscarinic cholinoceptive substrates, which are target regions of the cholinergic basal forebrain system intimately involved in cognitive fun...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： van der Zee EA,Luiten PG

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The term neuropeptides commonly refers to a relatively large number of biologically active molecules that have been localized to discrete cell populations of central and peripheral neurons. I review here the most important histological and functional findings on neuropeptide distribution in the central nervous system ...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Merighi A

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following rapid methodological advances, ultra-high field (UHF) functional and anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been repeatedly and successfully used for the investigation of the human auditory system in recent years. Here, we review this work and argue that UHF MRI is uniquely suited to shed light on h...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Moerel M,Yacoub E,Gulban OF,Lage-Castellanos A,De Martino F

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain damage can sometimes render a patient persistently unresponsive and yet apparently awake, admitting the possibility that the absence of overt voluntary behaviour might conceal a retained capacity for covert cognition. When given instructions to perform a cognitive task, a minority of patients in such a so-called...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Nachev P,Hacker PM

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The freely diffusible messenger nitric oxide (NO), generated by NO synthase (NOS)-containing "nitroxergic" (NO-ergic) neurons, is unique among classical synaptic chemical transmitters because of its "non-specificity", molecular "NO-receptors" (e.g. guanylyl cyclase, iron complexes, nitrosylated proteins or DNA) in tar...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Blottner D

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We review the neuroanatomical, neurophysiological and functional properties of the mammalian subiculum in this paper. The subiculum is a pivotal structure positioned between the hippocampus proper and entorhinal and other cortices, as well as a range of subcortical structures. It is an under-investigated region that p...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： O'Mara SM,Commins S,Anderson M,Gigg J

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reconstructing the genealogy of every cell that makes up an organism remains a long-standing challenge in developmental biology. Besides its relevance for understanding the mechanisms underlying normal and pathological development, resolving the lineage origin of cell types will be crucial to create these types on-dem...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Garcia-Marques J,Espinosa-Medina I,Lee T

更新日期：2020-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Cysteine string protein (CSP) was discovered by use of a synapse-specific, monoclonal antibody to screen a cDNA expression library in Drosophila. A vertebrate CSP homolog was later identified and shown to co-purify with synaptic vesicles. CSP-α is now recognized as a membrane constituent of many regulated secretory or...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Gundersen CB

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the exciting advances in modern medicine and life science is cell-based neurovascular regeneration of damaged brain tissues and repair of neuronal structures. The progress in stem cell biology and creation of adult induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells has significantly improved basic and pre-clinical research i...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Wei L,Wei ZZ,Jiang MQ,Mohamad O,Yu SP

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) encompass a range of syndromes that are characterized by social interaction impairments, verbal and nonverbal communication difficulties, and stereotypic or repetitive behaviours. Although there has been considerable progress in understanding the mechanisms underlying the changes in th...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Chmielewski WX,Beste C

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Developing neuronal networks evolve continuously, requiring that neurons modulate both their intrinsic properties and their responses to incoming synaptic signals. Emerging evidence supports roles for the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels in this neuronal plasticity. HCN channels seem ...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Bender RA,Baram TZ

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Should patients with Parkinson's disease participate in research involving stem cell treatments? Are induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) the ethical solution to the moral issues regarding embryonic stem cells? How can we adapt trial designs to best assess small numbers of patients in receipt of invasive experimental...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Barker RA,de Beaufort I

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutamate is a potent candidate of the excitatory transmitter at the invertebrate NMJ and the synapse of the vertebrate CNS. But pharmacological studies have not been enough to prove that glutamate functions as an excitatory neurotransmitter. During the past 10 years, we have been studying the effects of various compo...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Shinozaki H

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Not later than two synapses after their arrival in the cerebellar cortex all excitatory afferent signals are subsequently transformed into inhibitory ones. Guaranteed by the exceedingly ordered and stereotyped synaptic arrangement of its cellular elements, the cerebellar cortex transmits this inhibitory result of cere...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Grüsser-Cornehls U,Bäurle J

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preconditioning is a phenomenon in which brief episodes of a sublethal insult induce robust protection against subsequent lethal injuries. Preconditioning has been observed in multiple organisms and can occur in the brain as well as other tissues. Extensive animal studies suggest that the brain can be preconditioned t...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Stetler RA,Leak RK,Gan Y,Li P,Zhang F,Hu X,Jing Z,Chen J,Zigmond MJ,Gao Y

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO), a diffusible molecule acting as an intercellular and intracellular messenger in many tissues, plays multiple roles in the nervous system. In addition to regulating proliferation, survival and differentiation of neurons, NO is also involved in synaptic activity, neural plasticity and memory formation...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Contestabile A

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Japanese encephalitis (JE) is one of the most important endemic encephalitis in the world especially in Eastern and Southeastern Asia. JE affects over 50,000 patients and results in 15,000 deaths annually. JE virus is a single stranded positive sense RNA virus belonging to family flaviviridae. JE virus is transmitted ...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Misra UK,Kalita J

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because the treatment and management of neuropathic pain are extremely complicated, the characterization of novel analgesics and neuroprotectors with safe toxicological profiles is a crucial need to develop efficient therapies. Several investigations revealed that the natural neurosteroid allopregnanolone (AP) exerts ...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Patte-Mensah C,Meyer L,Taleb O,Mensah-Nyagan AG

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present critical review analyzes the question of how nanoparticles from continuously growing industrial production and use of nanomaterials may impact human brain health. Available evidence suggests incomplete effectiveness of protective barriers of the brain against nanoparticles translocation to the brain. This ...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Bencsik A,Lestaevel P,Guseva Canu I

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The brain circuitry of saccadic eye movements, from brainstem to cortex, has been extensively studied during the last 30 years. The wealth of data gathered allowed the conception of numerous computational models. These models proposed descriptions of the putative mechanisms generating this data, and, in turn, made pre...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Girard B,Berthoz A

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews a series of experiments aimed at investigating the reciprocal trophic interactions which regulate the normal morphofunctional features and the plasticity of the adult rodent climbing fibre-Purkinje cell system. Climbing fibre deprivation induces profound functional and structural changes in the Pu...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Rossi F,Strata P

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-supervised models of how the brain represents and categorises the causes of its sensory input can be divided into two classes: those that minimise the mutual information (i.e. redundancy) among evoked responses and those that minimise the prediction error. Although these models have similar goals, the way they ar...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Friston K

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Memorizing new facts and events means that entering information produces specific physical changes within the brain. According to the commonly accepted view, traces of memory are stored through the structural modifications of synaptic connections, which result in changes of synaptic efficiency and, therefore, in forma...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Arshavsky YI

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic restraint stress leads to increases in brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and protein in some regions of the brain, e.g. the basal lateral amygdala (BLA) but decreases in other regions such as the CA3 region of the hippocampus and dendritic spine density increases or decreases in line with these cha...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Bennett MR,Lagopoulos J

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metazoans possess complicated multicellular structure among the multicellularities of eukaryotes. One evolutionary pressure that permits such complexity relates to the directed and precise informational transmission performed by numerous synapses in neuron system. Neurotransmitter inactivations play essential roles in...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Wu Q,Gu X,Wang Y,Li N,Liu X,Wu C,Yu L,Gu X

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal models have provided invaluable data for identifying the pathogenesis of epileptic disorders. Clearly, the relevance of these experimental findings would be strengthened by the demonstration that similar fundamental mechanisms are at work in the human epileptic brain. Epilepsy surgery has indeed opened the poss...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Avoli M,Louvel J,Pumain R,Köhling R

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurologic disease is a major cause of disability in resource-poor countries and a substantial portion of this disease is due to infections of the CNS. A wide variety of emerging and re-emerging viruses contribute to this disease burden. New emerging infections are commonly due to RNA viruses that have expanded their ...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Griffin DE

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00