Bioenergetics and glutamate excitotoxicity.

abstract：:There are well-known sex differences in the epidemiology and etiopathology of alcohol dependence. Male gender is a crucial risk factor for the onset of alcohol addiction. A directly modifying role of testosterone in alcohol addiction-related behavior is well established. Sex hormones exert both permanent (organization...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Lenz B,Müller CP,Stoessel C,Sperling W,Biermann T,Hillemacher T,Bleich S,Kornhuber J

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following rapid methodological advances, ultra-high field (UHF) functional and anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been repeatedly and successfully used for the investigation of the human auditory system in recent years. Here, we review this work and argue that UHF MRI is uniquely suited to shed light on h...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Moerel M,Yacoub E,Gulban OF,Lage-Castellanos A,De Martino F

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nervous system development, plasticity and regeneration require numerous, coordinated and finely tuned subcellular mechanisms. Phosphoproteins of the stathmin family, originally identified as intracellular signal relay proteins, are mostly or exclusively expressed in the nervous system with a high level of expression ...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Chauvin S,Sobel A

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is the major intracellular proteolytic mechanism controlling the degradation of misfolded/abnormal proteins. A common hallmark in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and in other neurodegenerative disorders is the accumulation of misfolded/abnormal proteins into the damaged neuron...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Bendotti C,Marino M,Cheroni C,Fontana E,Crippa V,Poletti A,De Biasi S

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although more than 8000 papers of apoptosis are published annually, there are very few reports concerning necrosis in the past few years. A number of recent studies using lower species animals have suggested that the cornu Ammonis (CA) 1 neuronal death after brief global cerebral ischemia occurs by apoptosis, an activ...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Yamashima T

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:New findings obtained during the past years, especially the discovery of mutations in the genes associated with brain iron metabolism, have provided key insights into the homeostatic mechanisms of brain iron metabolism and the pathological mechanisms responsible for neurodegenerative diseases. The accumulated evidence...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Ke Y,Qian ZM

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiovascular and neuroendocrine reactivity to acute stress are important predictors of health outcomes in non-pregnant populations. Greater magnitude and duration of physiological responses have been associated with increased risk of hypertensive disorders and diabetes, greater susceptibility to infectious illnesses...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Christian LM

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Memorizing new facts and events means that entering information produces specific physical changes within the brain. According to the commonly accepted view, traces of memory are stored through the structural modifications of synaptic connections, which result in changes of synaptic efficiency and, therefore, in forma...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Arshavsky YI

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The S-100 is a group of low molecular weight (10-12 kD) calcium-binding proteins highly conserved among vertebrates. It is present in different tissues as dimers of homologous or different subunits (alpha, beta). In the nervous system, the S-100 exists as a mixture composed of beta beta and alpha beta dimers with the ...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Fanò G,Biocca S,Fulle S,Mariggiò MA,Belia S,Calissano P

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery was made in the 1940s that calcium is required for transmitter release at synapses, raising the question of the identity of the sensor molecule upon which this calcium acts. Subsequently it was shown in the 1960s that this calcium acts on the inside of the nerve terminal. The channels which mediate the i...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Bennett MR

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The knowledge accumulated about the biochemistry of the synapsis in the last decades completely changes the notion of brain processing founded exclusively over an electrical mechanism, toward that supported by a complex chemical message exchange occurring both locally, at the synaptic site, as well as at other localit...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Rocha AF

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this review first we evaluate evidence on the role of the neurobiological alterations induced by chronic ethanol consumption in the development of ethanol tolerance, dependence and withdrawal. Secondly, we describe the neuropathological consequences of chronic ethanol on cognitive functions and on brain structures....

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Fadda F,Rossetti ZL

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past two decades, the development of neuroimaging techniques has allowed the non-invasive investigation of neuroplastic changes associated with psychotherapeutic treatment. The aim of the present article is to present a systematic and critical review of longitudinal studies addressing the impact of psychother...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Barsaglini A,Sartori G,Benetti S,Pettersson-Yeo W,Mechelli A

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Not later than two synapses after their arrival in the cerebellar cortex all excitatory afferent signals are subsequently transformed into inhibitory ones. Guaranteed by the exceedingly ordered and stereotyped synaptic arrangement of its cellular elements, the cerebellar cortex transmits this inhibitory result of cere...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Grüsser-Cornehls U,Bäurle J

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite decades of study, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) continues to be a serious and significant health problem in the United States and worldwide. The mechanisms contributing to brain injury after SAH remain unclear. Traditionally, most in vivo research has heavily emphasized the basic mechanisms of SAH over the pat...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Chen S,Feng H,Sherchan P,Klebe D,Zhao G,Sun X,Zhang J,Tang J,Zhang JH

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent work in neuroscience has shown that the adult central nervous system contains neural progenitors, precursors, and stem cells that are capable of generating new neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. While challenging previous dogma that no new neurons are born in the adult mammalian CNS, these findings brin...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Emsley JG,Mitchell BD,Kempermann G,Macklis JD

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal models have provided invaluable data for identifying the pathogenesis of epileptic disorders. Clearly, the relevance of these experimental findings would be strengthened by the demonstration that similar fundamental mechanisms are at work in the human epileptic brain. Epilepsy surgery has indeed opened the poss...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Avoli M,Louvel J,Pumain R,Köhling R

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In animal models of global and focal ischemia neuroprotection is typically determined by quantifying the degree of cell loss or reduction in infarct volume shortly after the ischemic insult. These methods are unable to reliably detect more subtle forms of neuronal death and dysfunction that arise from injury to non-ho...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Corbett D,Nurse S

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reorganization of the somatotopic map in the spinal dorsal horn may be elicited by a variety of deafferenting lesions, including transection of peripheral nerves or dorsal roots, or the application of neurotoxins. While such lesions give rise to a variety of neurochemical and morphological changes in the dorsal horn, ...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Wilson P,Kitchener PD

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognition is the process by which a subject is aware that a stimulus has been previously experienced. It requires that the characteristics of events are perceived, discriminated, identified and then compared (matched) against a memory of the characteristics of previously experienced events. Understanding recognition...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Steckler T,Drinkenburg WH,Sahgal A,Aggleton JP

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neocortex, the neuronal structure at the base of the remarkable cognitive skills of mammals, is a layered sheet of neuronal tissue composed of juxtaposed and interconnected columns. A cortical column is considered the basic module of cortical processing present in all cortical areas. It is believed to contain a charac...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Feldmeyer D,Brecht M,Helmchen F,Petersen CC,Poulet JF,Staiger JF,Luhmann HJ,Schwarz C

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The advent of proteomics techniques has been enthusiastically accepted in most areas of biology and medicine. In neuroscience, a host of applications was proposed ranging from neurotoxicology, neurometabolism, determination of the proteome of the individual brain areas in health and disease, to name a few. Only recent...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Lubec G,Krapfenbauer K,Fountoulakis M

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, opioid receptor like1 (ORL1) receptor was identified. The ORL1 receptor is a G protein coupled receptor and the sequence of the ORL1 receptor is closely related to that of the opioid receptors. Nociceptin/orphanin FQ has been identified as a potent endogenous agonist of the ORL1 receptor and the sequence of ...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Yamamoto T,Nozaki-Taguchi N,Sakashita Y,Kimura S

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) have long been studied as particularly accessible examples of chemical synapses. Nonetheless, some important features of neuromuscular transmission are still poorly understood. One of these is the low statistical variability of the number of transmitter quanta released from motor nerve t...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Slater CR

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After a long period of inconclusive observations, the intrinsic primary afferent neurons of the intestine have been identified. The intestine is thus equipped with two groups of afferent neurons, those with cell bodies in cranial and dorsal root ganglia, and these recently identified afferent neurons with cell bodies ...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Furness JB,Kunze WA,Bertrand PP,Clerc N,Bornstein JC

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maintenance of osmotic pressure is a primary regulatory process essential for normal cell function. The osmolarity of extracellular fluids is regulated by modifying the intake and excretion of salts and water. A major component of this regulatory process is the neuroendocrine hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system, which...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Hussy N,Deleuze C,Desarménien MG,Moos FC

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ventral pallidum (VP) plays a critical role in the processing and execution of motivated behaviors. Yet this brain region is often overlooked in published discussions of the neurobiology of mental health (e.g., addiction, depression). This contributes to a gap in understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of psy...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Root DH,Melendez RI,Zaborszky L,Napier TC

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review summarizes recent work on the use of reporter genes to label selected neuronal populations in transgenic mice, with particular emphasis on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. Reporter genes discussed are the lacZ, green fluorescent protein (GFP), luc, and bla genes, which encode the reporter pro...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Spergel DJ,Krüth U,Shimshek DR,Sprengel R,Seeburg PH

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic restraint stress leads to increases in brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and protein in some regions of the brain, e.g. the basal lateral amygdala (BLA) but decreases in other regions such as the CA3 region of the hippocampus and dendritic spine density increases or decreases in line with these cha...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Bennett MR,Lagopoulos J

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia, macrophages that reside in the brain, can express at least 12 different ion channels, including voltage-gated proton channels. The properties of H+ currents in microglia are similar to those in other phagocytes. Proton currents are elicited by depolarizing the membrane potential, but activation also depends...

journal_title：Progress in neurobiology

authors： Eder C,DeCoursey TE

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00