Abstract:
:Peritrichously-flagellated bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, self-propel in fluids by using specialised motors to rotate multiple helical filaments. The rotation of each motor is transmitted to a short flexible segment called the hook which in turn transmits it to a flagellar filament, enabling swimming of the whole cell. Since multiple motors are spatially distributed on the body of the organism, one would expect the propulsive forces from the filaments to push against each other leading to negligible swimming. We use a combination of computations and theory to show that the swimming of peritrichous bacteria is enabled by an elastohydrodynamic bending instability occurring for hooks more flexible than a critical threshold. Using past measurements of hook bending stiffness, we demonstrate how real bacteria are safely on the side of the instability that promotes systematic swimming.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Riley EE,Das D,Lauga Edoi
10.1038/s41598-018-28319-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-07-16 00:00:00pages
10728issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-018-28319-8journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The secretome complexity and lignocellulose degrading capacity of Pleurotus ostreatus monokaryons mkPC9 and mkPC15 and mated dikaryon dkN001 were studied in submerged liquid cultures containing wood, glucose, and wood plus glucose as carbon sources. The study revealed that this white-rot basidiomycete attacks all the ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-68969-1
更新日期:2020-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::We developed a novel, erythropoietin-derived, non-erythropoiesis, cyclic helix B peptide (CHBP) that displays potent renoprotection against acute kidney injury (AKI). To determine the mechanism of CHBP-mediated protection, we investigated the proteomic profile of mice treated with CHBP in a kidney ischemia-reperfusion...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep18045
更新日期:2015-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, the toxic effects of phenoxyethanol (Phy-Et), which is widely used in cosmetic industry, has been investigated with Allium test by means of physiological, cytogenetic, anatomical and biochemical parameters. To determine the changes in physiological reactions weight gain, relative injury rate, germinatio...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58170-9
更新日期:2020-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked genetic disorder resulting from mutations in the dystrophin gene. The mdx/utrn -/- mouse, lacking in both dystrophin and its autosomal homologue utrophin, is commonly used to model the clinical symptoms of DMD. Interestingly, these mice are infertile but the mechanisms ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-05993-8
更新日期:2017-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropsychological assessment of human visual processing capabilities strongly depends on visual testing conditions including room lighting, stimuli, and viewing-distance. This limits standardization, threatens reliability, and prevents the assessment of core visual functions such as visual processing speed. Increasin...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep37016
更新日期:2016-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Previous reports suggest that offspring of mothers who smoke during pregnancy have greater risk of developing depression. However, it is unclear whether this is due to intrauterine effects. Using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) from the UK (N = 2,869), the Nord-Trøndelag health s...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11836-3
更新日期:2017-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been extensively used and are considered as an emerging contaminant in the ocean. The environmental contamination of AgNPs is expected to increase greatly over time, and cetaceans, as the top ocean predators, will suffer the negative impacts of AgNPs. In the present study, we investig...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23737-0
更新日期:2018-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogenic meningococci have acquired a 24 kb capsule synthesis island (cps) by horizontal gene transfer which consists of a synthetic locus and associated capsule transport genes flanked by repetitive Regions D and D'. Regions D and D' contain an intact gene encoding a UDP-galactose epimerase (galE1) and a truncated ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep44442
更新日期:2017-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet microvesicles (pMVs) are submicron-sized heterogeneous vesicles released upon activation and contain several membrane receptors and proteins (CD41, CD61, CD62, CXCR4, PAR-1, etc.). We have revealed their ability to adhere to the triblock copolymer pluronic-F127 (PF127) and form a platelet microvesicular nanoc...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-57057-8
更新日期:2020-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple Sclerosis (MS), is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system that leads to chronic demyelination with axonal damage and neuronal loss. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising therapeutic approach for MS. In the current study, we investigated the effects of MSCs deriv...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19703-5
更新日期:2018-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::The Aspergillus niger-derived prolyl endoprotease (AN-PEP) has previously been shown to degrade gluten in healthy subjects when added to an intragastrically infused meal. The current study investigated the efficacy of AN-PEP in a physiological meal setting. In this randomized placebo-controlled crossover study, 18 glu...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13587-7
更新日期:2017-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac output during cardiac catheterization is often estimated using the modified Fick method (COFick). In this proof-of-concept, prospective non-randomized study carried out in a single academic healthcare centre, we examined whether replacing COFick in the Gorlin formula with Cheetah-NICOM monitor cardiac output (...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64753-3
更新日期:2020-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::Consistent cell preparation is a fundamental preliminary step for understanding complex cellular mechanisms in various cell-based research fields, including basic cell biology, cancer research, and tissue engineering. However, certain elusive factors, such as cellular de-differentiation and contamination with mycoplas...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-02001-x
更新日期:2017-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Zika virus (ZIKV) is a recently re-emerged flavivirus transmitted to humans by mosquito bites but also from mother to fetus and by sexual intercourse. We here show that primary human endometrial stromal cells (HESC) are highly permissive to ZIKV infection and support its in vitro replication. ZIKV envelope expression ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep44286
更新日期:2017-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::A new semiconducting phase of two-dimensional phosphorous in the Kagome lattice is proposed from first-principles calculations. The band gaps of the monolayer (ML) and bulk Kagome phosphorous (Kagome-P) are 2.00 and 1.11 eV, respectively. The magnitude of the band gap is tunable by applying the in-plane strain and/or ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep23151
更新日期:2016-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Nano-scale investigations of bainitic structures formed at temperatures below 350 °C have shown that the bainitic ferrite lattice is super-saturated in carbon. A high density of intrinsic defects would be playing a part in the carbon-supersaturation levels detected. In this work, the role of C-vacancy complexes on car...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-57469-x
更新日期:2020-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common childhood illness caused by enteroviruses. HFMD outbreaks and reported cases have sharply increased in China since 2008. Epidemiological and clinical data of HFMD cases reported in Henan Province were collected from 2008 to 2013. Clinical specimens were obtained from a ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep08904
更新日期:2015-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::Archeological researches have proposed arguments for human mobility and long-distance trading over the Eurasia before the Silk Roads. Here we utilize biologically available strontium isotope analysis to assess the extent of pre-Silk Road population movements and cultural communications across the Asian interior. From ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep35162
更新日期:2016-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::The diversity of DNA sequencing methods and algorithms for genome assemblies presents scientists with a bewildering array of choices. Here, we construct and compare eight candidate assemblies combining overlapping shotgun read data, mate-pair and Chicago libraries and four different genome assemblers to produce a high...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19430-x
更新日期:2018-01-24 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes an origami-inspired self-folding method to form three-dimensional (3D) microstructures of co-cultured cells. After a confluent monolayer of fibroblasts (NIH/3T3 cells) with loaded hepatocytes (HepG2 cells) was cultured onto two-dimensional (2D) microplates, degradation of the alginate sacrificial ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-22598-x
更新日期:2018-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::The systematics of Oriental freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) is poorly known. Here, we present an integrative revision of the genus Trapezoideus Simpson, 1900 to further understanding of freshwater mussel diversity in the region. We demonstrate that Trapezoideus as currently circumscribed is non-monophyletic, ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-39365-1
更新日期:2019-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::Histone deacetylase inhibition (HDACi) has been suggested as a promising approach to bolster TLR-mediated induction of antimicrobial peptides such as human β-defensin 2 (hBD2). In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD) patients display an attenuated expression of hBD2 as compared to ulcerative colitis ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-31125-x
更新日期:2018-08-27 00:00:00
abstract::Ischemic neural damages cause several devastating diseases, including brain stroke and ischemic retinopathies, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been proposed to be the underlying mechanism of the neuronal cell death of these conditions. We previously synthesized Kyoto University substances (KUSs) as modulator...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep44873
更新日期:2017-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation. Individuals with RA have a higher risk of periodontitis and periodontitis has been linked to RA through the production of enzymes by periodontal pathogens that citrullinate proteins. This linkage is supported by findings that perio...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44674-6
更新日期:2019-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::Multifocal multiphoton microscopy (MMM) achieves fast imaging by simultaneously scanning multiple foci across different regions of specimen. The use of imaging detectors in MMM, such as CCD or CMOS, results in degradation of image signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) due to the scattering of emitted photons. SNR can be partly ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep05153
更新日期:2014-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Insects harbor a wide variety of microorganisms that form complex and changing communities and play an important role in the biology and evolution of their hosts. Aphids have been used as model organisms to study microorganism-insect interactions. Almost all aphids are infected with the obligate endosymbiont Buchnera ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-42232-8
更新日期:2019-04-08 00:00:00
abstract::Knockin (KI) mouse carrying a point mutation has been an invaluable tool for disease modeling and analysis. Genome editing technologies using the CRISPR/Cas system has emerged as an alternative way to create KI mice. However, if the mice carry nucleotide insertions and/or deletions (InDels) in other genes, which could...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep34703
更新日期:2016-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental evidence has shown that some of the human endogenous hormones significantly affect drug efficacy. Since hormone status varies with individual physiological states, it is essential to understand the interplay of hormones and drugs for precision medicine. Here, we developed an in silico method to predict in...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16855-8
更新日期:2017-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of Treponema pallidum, the syphilis spirochete to colonize various tissues requires the presence of surface-exposed adhesins that have been difficult to identify due to the inability to culture and genetically manipulate T. pallidum. Using a Borrelia burgdorferi-based heterologous system and gain-in-functi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep25593
更新日期:2016-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Flat optics, which could planarize and miniaturize the traditional optical elements, possesses the features of extremely low profile and high integration for advanced manipulation of light. Here we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a planar metalens to realize an ultra-long focal length of ~240λ with a large de...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep09977
更新日期:2015-05-06 00:00:00