Abstract:
:In the existing WHO guidelines, complementary feeding at 4-6 months is advocated. However, many nutrition specialists believe that these guidelines lead to complementary foods being offered from the age of 3 months, or even earlier, subsequently suggesting that the WHO should change its recommendations to about 6 months. To this effect, the International Association of Infant Food Manufacturers lobbied the WHO to delay any change to its recommendations on the optimal length of exclusive breast-feeding. Their message states that any action dealing with Infant and Young Child Nutrition should be delayed until the World Health Assembly 2002. Supporting facts to justify the message argue the importance of an international study on infant growth being carried out by the WHO, which should be finished by 2002. Nevertheless, several nutrition specialists believe that the scientific evidence to support a change in the WHO policy already exists and that such a study was not set up to determine the optimal length of exclusive breast-feeding.
journal_name
BMJjournal_title
BMJ (Clinical research ed.)authors
Yamey Gkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-09-09 00:00:00pages
591issue
7261eissn
0959-8138issn
1756-1833journal_volume
321pub_type
新闻abstract::Chronic insomnia is a common condition that affects people worldwide and has negative effects on patients' health and wellbeing. The treatment of insomnia can be complex and time consuming for patients and providers. Although behavioral interventions are the first line therapy, there are barriers to access for these t...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.i2123
更新日期:2016-07-06 00:00:00
abstract:PROBLEM:Despite widespread acceptance of the Ottawa ankle rules for assessment of acute ankle injuries, their application varies considerably. DESIGN:Before and after study. BACKGROUND AND SETTING:Emergency departments of a tertiary teaching hospital and a community hospital in Australia. KEY MEASURES FOR IMPROVEMEN...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.b3056
更新日期:2009-08-12 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether rates of suicide changed in Toronto after a barrier was erected at Bloor Street Viaduct, the bridge with the world's second highest annual rate of suicide by jumping after Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco. DESIGN:Natural experiment. SETTING:City of Toronto and province of Ontario, Ca...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.c2884
更新日期:2010-07-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the effectiveness of early treatment for amblyopia in children. DESIGN:Follow up of outcomes of treatment for amblyopia in a randomised controlled trial comparing intensive orthoptic screening at 8, 12, 18, 25, 31, and 37 months (intensive group) with orthoptic screening at 37 months only (control ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7353.1549
更新日期:2002-06-29 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of watching different types of video on energy expenditure. DESIGN:Randomised study assessing a "pleasant," an "amusing," an "exciting," and no video film clips. SUBJECTS:12 volunteers who did not know the purpose of the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Changes in energy expenditure, ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.311.7021.1664
更新日期:1995-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::A sample of 106 senior house officers who had graduated from Nottingham University in 1987 was surveyed about their experience of and need for careers guidance, performance appraisal, and stress counselling. Of the 80 who replied, a quarter had received no careers guidance and a quarter no feedback about their work pe...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.300.6722.445
更新日期:1990-02-17 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To provide a comprehensive survey of the content and quality of intervention studies relevant to the treatment of schizophrenia. DESIGN:Data were extracted from 2000 trials on the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's register. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Type and date of publication, country of origin, language, size o...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.317.7167.1181
更新日期:1998-10-31 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the published evidence regarding the characteristics and effectiveness of disease management programmes. DESIGN:Meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES:Computerised databases for English language articles during 1987-2001. STUDY SELECTION:102 articles evaluating 118 disease management progra...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.325.7370.925
更新日期:2002-10-26 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate associations between Apgar scores of 7, 8, and 9 (versus 10) at 1, 5, and 10 minutes, and neonatal mortality and morbidity. DESIGN:Population based cohort study. SETTING:Sweden. PARTICIPANTS:1 551 436 non-malformed live singleton infants, born at term (≥37 weeks' gestation) between 1999 and ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.l1656
更新日期:2019-05-07 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the incidence of cervical cancer after several negative cervical smear tests at different ages. DESIGN:Prospective observational study of incidence of cervical cancer after the third consecutive negative result based on individual level data in a national registry of histopathology and cytopatho...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.b1354
更新日期:2009-04-24 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyse the relation between treated blood pressure and concomitant risk factor and morbidity from acute myocardial infarction. DESIGN:Prospective longitudinal study. Treated blood pressures and other variables were used to predict acute myocardial infarction. SETTING:Primary health care in Skaraborg, Sw...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.308.6930.681
更新日期:1994-03-12 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the association between epithelial cell IgM, which has previously been associated with an increased incidence of loss of renal graft in children, with a novel cutaneous eruption and unexplained native renal disease. DESIGN:Observational study on children with epithelial cell antibody presenting w...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.303.6795.161
更新日期:1991-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::In July 1992 Dr Keith Mumby, a clinical ecologist, appeared before the professional conduct committee of the General Medical Council on five charges to do with his practice of clinical ecology. He was found guilty of two of the charges--touting for publicity and failing to give a patient adequate medical attention--an...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.306.6870.122
更新日期:1993-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::In prospective studies, the prevalence of undiagnosed subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnant women ranges from 3% to 15%. Subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with multiple adverse outcomes in the mother and fetus, including spontaneous abortion, pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, prete...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.g4929
更新日期:2014-10-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the extent to which the prevailing model of smoking cessation (that smokers typically prepare their attempts to stop smoking in advance and that doing so increases their chances of success) is correct. DESIGN:Cross sectional household survey. SETTING:England. PARTICIPANTS:918 smokers who reported...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.38723.573866.AE
更新日期:2006-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS) are life threatening complications that occur in patients with diabetes. In addition to timely identification of the precipitating cause, the first step in acute management of these disorders includes aggressive administration of intravenous fluids wi...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.l1114
更新日期:2019-05-29 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To describe utilisation of general practitioners by elderly people resident in communal establishments; to examine variations in general practitioner utilisation and estimate the likely impact of the "downsizing" of long stay provision in NHS hospitals. DESIGN:Secondary analyses of the survey of disability ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.317.7154.322
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Rapid diagnostic tests for malaria seem cost effective in standard analyses, but these do not take account of clinicians' response to test results. This study tested the impact of clinicians' response to rapid diagnostic test or microscopy results on the costs and benefits of testing at different levels of ma...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.39395.696065.47
更新日期:2008-01-26 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To explore why cancer patients do not want or seek information about their condition beyond that volunteered by their physicians at times during their illness. DESIGN:Qualitative study based on in-depth interviews. SETTING:Outpatient oncology clinics at a London cancer centre. PARTICIPANTS:17 patients wit...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7239.909
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare effectiveness and acceptability of early discharge to a hospital at home scheme with that of routine discharge from acute hospital. DESIGN:Pragmatic randomised controlled trial. SETTING:Acute hospital wards and community in north of Bristol, with a catchment population of about 224 000 people. S...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.316.7147.1796
更新日期:1998-06-13 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the association of Apgar score 5 minutes after birth with cerebral palsy in both normal weight and low birthweight children, and also the association with the cerebral palsy subdiagnoses of quadriplegia, diplegia, and hemiplegia. DESIGN:Population based cohort study. SETTING:The Medical Birth Reg...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.c4990
更新日期:2010-10-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the effects of perineal massage in the second stage of labour on perineal outcomes. DESIGN:Randomised controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS:At 36 weeks' gestation, women expecting normal birth of a singleton were asked to join the study. Women became eligible to be randomised in labour if they progres...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.322.7297.1277
更新日期:2001-05-26 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine whether the risk of breast cancer is increased by a recent term pregnancy. DESIGN:Population based case-control study. SETTING:Eight areas in the United States. SUBJECTS:Cases were 2279 multiparous women residents of the eight areas aged 25-49 who were diagnosed as having breast cancer during 19...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.308.6945.1672
更新日期:1994-06-25 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine if sufficient evidence exists to support the use of magnetic resonance angiography as a means of selecting patients with recently symptomatic high grade carotid stenosis for surgery. DESIGN:Systematic review of published research on the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance angiography, 1...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7331.198
更新日期:2002-01-26 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine whether fibrinogen and lipid concentrations are risk factors for ischaemic stroke. DESIGN:Case-control study with a population based comparison within the overall study. SETTING:Oxfordshire community stroke project and a neurology clinic. SUBJECTS:105 patients who had a transient ischaemic at...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.303.6803.605
更新日期:1991-09-14 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To obtain data on sexual contact between doctors and their patients. DESIGN:Anonymous questionnaire with 17 items sent to all working gynaecologists (n = 595) and all ear, nose, and throat specialists (n = 380) in the Netherlands. RESULTS:Response rate was 74%; a total 64 doctors gave a reason for not compl...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.304.6841.1531
更新日期:1992-06-13 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To quantify and compare the contribution of 306 diseases and injuries to the changes in health adjusted life expectancy at birth (HALE0) between 1990 and 2013. DESIGN:Retrospective demographic analysis based on aggregated data and using life table technique, Sullivan method, and decomposition method for diff...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.l969
更新日期:2019-03-27 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the variation in prescribing among general practices by examining the contribution to this variation of fundholding, training status, partnership status, and the level of deprivation in the practice population and to investigate the extent to which fundholding has been responsible for any chang...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7057.595
更新日期:1996-09-07 00:00:00
abstract::According to a London physician, women with epilepsy taking antiepileptic drugs can take combined oral contraceptives (OCs). It is usual to recommend a combined OC preparation containing at least 50 mcg of estrogen (Ovran) from patients taking enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs; this can be increased to 60 mcg by ta...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.307.6902.492
更新日期:1993-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::The opportunities for international public health collaboration through joint business ventures between the USSR and Western nations, an arrangement that would benefit the public, industry, and the medical community, are discussed. Evidence indicates that the state of health of the Soviet population is declining rapi...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.302.6777.633
更新日期:1991-03-16 00:00:00