Abstract：
:Leprosy is a spectral disease in which immune responses to Mycobacterium leprae correlate with the clinical, bacteriological and histopathological manifestations of disease, so study of its pathology provides insights into immunoregulatory mechanisms in man. At the tuberculoid pole, patients have few lesions in the skin which contain rare organisms and are able to mount strong cell-mediated immune responses to M. leprae antigens. In contrast, at the lepromatous pole, patients have disseminated skin lesions containing large numbers of acid-fast bacilli and are selectively unresponsive to antigens of M. leprae. M. leprae-induced suppressor cells derived from peripheral blood have been reported to be active in vitro, yet their in vivo significance has remained unclear. Because the focal point of the immune response to M. leprae is the skin lesion consisting of lymphocytes and macrophages, we have recently developed methods for isolating lymphocytes from skin biopsies of leprosy patients. We report here that two T8 clones derived from lepromatous leprosy skin biopsies, in the presence of lepromin, suppress concanavalin A (Con-A) responses both of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and of T4 clones in an HLA-D (HLA, histocompatibility locus antigen)-restricted manner. Moreover, these T8 clones suppressed responses of HLA-D-matched, but not HLA-D-mismatched antigen-responsive T4 clones to M. leprae antigens, indicating that T-cell suppression is major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted at some level in man.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Modlin RL,Kato H,Mehra V,Nelson EE,Fan XD,Rea TH,Pattengale PK,Bloom BRdoi
10.1038/322459a0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-07-31 00:00:00pages
459-61issue
6078eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687journal_volume
322pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract：:Transmembrane sodium-ion gradients provide energy that can be harnessed by 'secondary transporters' to drive the translocation of solute molecules into a cell. Decades of study have shown that such sodium-coupled transporters are involved in many physiological processes, making them targets for the treatment of numero...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nature08143
更新日期：2009-05-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Language is a uniquely human ability that evolved at some point in the roughly 6,000,000 years since human and chimpanzee lines diverged. Even in the most linguistically impoverished environments, children naturally develop sophisticated language systems. In contrast, reading is a learnt skill that does not develop wi...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature08461
更新日期：2009-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Substrates of the proteasome are recognized and unfolded by the regulatory particle, and then translocated into the core particle (CP) to be degraded. A hetero-hexameric ATPase ring, containing subunits Rpt1-6, is situated within the base subassembly of the regulatory particle. The ATPase ring sits atop the CP, with t...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature08065
更新日期：2009-06-11 00:00:00
abstract：:The CTF/NF-I group of cellular DNA binding proteins recognizes the sequence GCCAAT and is implicated in eukaryotic transcription as well as DNA replication. Molecular analysis of human CTF/NF-I complementary DNA clones reveals multiple messenger RNA species containing alternative coding regions, apparently as a result...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/334218a0
更新日期：1988-07-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Environmental change has altered the phenology, morphological traits and population dynamics of many species. However, the links underlying these joint responses remain largely unknown owing to a paucity of long-term data and the lack of an appropriate analytical framework. Here we investigate the link between phenoty...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature09210
更新日期：2010-07-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Electron transfer reactions are essential for life because they underpin oxidative phosphorylation and photosynthesis, processes leading to the generation of ATP, and are involved in many reactions of intermediary metabolism. Key to these roles is the formation of transient inter-protein electron transfer complexes. T...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature11996
更新日期：2013-04-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Prostaglandins have wide-ranging effects in the body and are thought to be important mediators of inflammation. Cyclooxygenase (COX) plays a key regulatory role in prostaglandin synthesis, and occurs in both constitutive (COX-1) and inducible (COX-2) isoforms. COX-1 is thought to provide cytoprotective effects, wherea...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/378406a0
更新日期：1995-11-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve in patients with profound sensori-neural deafness is becoming increasingly routine. Therefore, it is important to understand more about the long-term consequences of this procedure. Hitherto, structural studies in animals after electrocochlear stimulation have conce...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/320065a0
更新日期：1986-03-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Cancers emerge from an ongoing Darwinian evolutionary process, often leading to multiple competing subclones within a single primary tumour. This evolutionary process culminates in the formation of metastases, which is the cause of 90% of cancer-related deaths. However, despite its clinical importance, little is known...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature14347
更新日期：2015-04-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Levels of gene expression underpin organismal phenotypes1,2, but the nature of selection that acts on gene expression and its role in adaptive evolution remain unknown1,2. Here we assayed gene expression in rice (Oryza sativa)3, and used phenotypic selection analysis to estimate the type and strength of selection on t...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41586-020-1997-2
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are most probably powered by collimated relativistic outflows (jets) from accreting black holes at cosmological distances. Bright afterglows are produced when the outflow collides with the ambient medium. Afterglow polarization directly probes the magnetic properties of the jet when measured mi...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature13237
更新日期：2014-05-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Therapeutic antibodies that block the programmed death-1 (PD-1)-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway can induce robust and durable responses in patients with various cancers, including metastatic urothelial cancer. However, these responses only occur in a subset of patients. Elucidating the determinants of respon...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature25501
更新日期：2018-02-22 00:00:00
abstract：:The neural substrates that the fruitfly Drosophila uses to sense smell, taste and light share marked structural and functional similarities with ours, providing attractive models to dissect sensory stimulus processing. Here we focus on two of the remaining and less understood prime sensory modalities: graviception and...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature07810
更新日期：2009-03-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Because monoclonal antibodies can recognize and bind to specific groups of atoms such as tumour antigens, they have promise for use in vivo as carriers of radionuclides, drugs or other appended molecules for diagnosis and treatment of disease. Attachment of metal ions to antibodies by means of bifunctional chelating a...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/316265a0
更新日期：1985-07-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Many tissues including blood, skin, gut and germ cells are continuously maintained by tissue stem cells. Under certain conditions, however, other organs can undergo repair using stem-cell-like progenitors generated by cell de-differentiation. Cell fates have been broadened experimentally, but mechanisms allowing de-di...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature02436
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The X-ray crystal structure of the transcription factor IIA (TFIIA) in complex with the TATA-box-binding protein (TBP) and TATA-element DNA is presented at 2.5 A resolution. TFIIA is composed of a beta-barrel and a four-helix bundle motif that together have a boot-like appearance. The beta-barrel extends the TBP beta-...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/381127a0
更新日期：1996-05-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The neurotransmitter dopamine has been demonstrated by biochemical, histochemical and immunocytochemical techniques to be unevenly distributed in the mammalian central nervous system. DARPP-32 (dopamine- and cyclic-AMP-regulated phosphoprotein of molecular weight 32,000) is a neuronal phosphoprotein that displays a re...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/310503a0
更新日期：1984-08-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The wavefunction is the complex distribution used to completely describe a quantum system, and is central to quantum theory. But despite its fundamental role, it is typically introduced as an abstract element of the theory with no explicit definition. Rather, physicists come to a working understanding of the wavefunct...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature10120
更新日期：2011-06-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The TGF-beta/activin/BMP superfamily of growth factors signals through heteromeric receptor complexes of type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors. The signal originated by TGF-beta-like molecules appears to be transduced by a set of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as SMADs, which upon activation di...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/383832a0
更新日期：1996-10-31 00:00:00
abstract：:The yeast [PSI+] element represents a new type of genetic inheritance, in which changes in phenotype are transmitted by a 'protein only' mechanism reminiscent of the 'protein-only' transmission of mammalian prion diseases. The underlying molecular mechanisms for both are poorly understood and it is not clear how simil...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/23048
更新日期：1999-08-05 00:00:00
abstract：:B cells are important in the pathogenesis of many, and perhaps all, immune-mediated diseases. Each B cell expresses a single B cell receptor (BCR)1, and the diverse range of BCRs expressed by the total B cell population of an individual is termed the 'BCR repertoire'. Our understanding of the BCR repertoire in the con...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41586-019-1595-3
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sudden cardiac death is the leading cause of death in the industrialized world, with the majority of such tragedies being due to ventricular fibrillation. Ventricular fibrillation is a frenzied and irregular disturbance of the heart rhythm that quickly renders the heart incapable of sustaining life. Rotors, electrophy...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/32170
更新日期：1998-03-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The three-dimensional structure of the 66-amino acid cro repressor protein of bacteriophage lambda suggests how it binds to its operator DNA. We propose that a dimer of cro protein is bound to the B-form of DNA with the 2-fold axis of the dimer coincident with the 2-fold axis of DNA. A pair of 2-fold-related alpha-hel...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/290754a0
更新日期：1981-04-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Alkaloids, secondary metabolites that contain basic nitrogen atoms, are some of the most well-known biologically active natural products in chemistry and medicine. Although efficient laboratory synthesis of alkaloids would enable the study and optimization of their biological properties, their preparation is often com...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature14902
更新日期：2015-09-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Population-level analyses often use average quantities to describe heterogeneous systems, particularly when variation does not arise from identifiable groups. A prominent example, central to our current understanding of epidemic spread, is the basic reproductive number, R(0), which is defined as the mean number of inf...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature04153
更新日期：2005-11-17 00:00:00
abstract：: ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 评论,新闻
doi：10.1038/d41586-019-00761-2
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infants acquire whatever language is spoken in the environment into which they are born. The mental capability of the newborn child is not biased in any way towards the acquisition of one human language rather than another. Because psychologists who attempt to model the process of language comprehension are interested...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/304159a0
更新日期：1983-07-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Biodiversity is rapidly declining, and this may negatively affect ecosystem processes, including economically important ecosystem services. Previous studies have shown that biodiversity has positive effects on organisms and processes across trophic levels. However, only a few studies have so far incorporated an explic...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature09492
更新日期：2010-11-25 00:00:00
abstract：:An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 已发布勘误
doi：10.1038/s41586-020-2544-x
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genes and mechanisms involved in common complex diseases, such as the autoimmune disorders that affect approximately 5% of the population, remain obscure. Here we identify polymorphisms of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 gene (CTLA4)--which encodes a vital negative regulatory molecule of the immune system--as can...
journal_title：Nature
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nature01621
更新日期：2003-05-29 00:00:00
