Abstract:
:Phytoplankton replace phosphorus-containing lipids (P-lipids) with non-P analogues, boosting growth in P-limited oceans. In the model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana, the substitution dynamics of lipid headgroups are well described, but those of the individual lipids, differing in fatty acid composition, are unknown. Moreover, the behavior of lipids outside the common headgroup classes and the relationship between lipid substitution and cellular particulate organic P (POP) have yet to be reported. We investigated these through the mass spectrometric lipidomics of P-replete (P+) and P-depleted (P-) T. pseudonana cultures. Nonlipidic POP was depleted rapidly by the initiation of P stress, followed by the cessation of P-lipid biosynthesis and per-cell reductions in the P-lipid levels of successive generations. Minor P-lipid degradative breakdown was observed, releasing P for other processes, but most P-lipids remained intact. This may confer an advantage on efficient heterotrophic lipid consumers in P-limited oceans. Glycerophosphatidylcholine (PC), the predominant P-lipid, was similar in composition to its betaine substitute lipid. During substitution, PC was less abundant per cell and was more highly unsaturated in composition. This may reflect underlying biosynthetic processes or the regulation of membrane biophysical properties subject to lipid substitution. Finally, levels of several diglycosylceramide lipids increased as much as 10-fold under P stress. These represent novel substitute lipids and potential biomarkers for the study of P limitation in situ, contributing to growing evidence highlighting the importance of sphingolipids in phycology. These findings contribute much to our understanding of P-lipid substitution, a powerful and widespread adaptation to P limitation in the oligotrophic ocean.IMPORTANCE Unicellular organisms replace phosphorus (P)-containing membrane lipids with non-P substitutes when P is scarce, allowing greater growth of populations. Previous research with the model diatom species Thalassiosira pseudonana grouped lipids by polar headgroups in their chemical structures. The significance of the research reported here is threefold. (i) We described the individual lipids within the headgroups during P-lipid substitution, revealing the relationships between lipid headgroups and hinting at the underlying biochemical processes. (ii) We measured total cellular P, placing P-lipid substitution in the context of the broader response to P stress and yielding insight into the implications of substitution in the marine environment. (iii) We identified lipids previously unknown in this system, revealing a new type of non-P substitute lipid, which is potentially useful as a biomarker for the investigation of P limitation in the ocean.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Hunter JE,Brandsma J,Dymond MK,Koster G,Moore CM,Postle AD,Mills RA,Attard GSdoi
10.1128/AEM.02034-17subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-03-01 00:00:00issue
6eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336pii
AEM.02034-17journal_volume
84pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The growth response of Acacia mangium Willd. to inoculation with selected Bradyrhizobium strains was investigated in two field trials in the Ivory Coast (West Africa). In the first trial (Anguededou), four provenances (i.e., trees originating from seeds harvested in different geographical areas) of A. mangium were ino...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.11.3974-3980.1994
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bioconversion of waste paper to single-cell protein at pH <1 by Scytalidium acidophilum is described. Waste paper pretreated with 72% H(2)SO(4) at 4 degrees C was diluted with water to a pH of <0.1 and hydrolyzed. This yielded an adequate sugar-containing substrate for the growth of the fungus. A total of 97% of t...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.43.3.643-647.1982
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.11.2789-2792.1989
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.60.8.2931-2938.1994
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03128-15
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.33.2.262-268.1977
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.46.3.573-579.1983
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.4.1093-1100.1994
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1128/AEM.01378-17
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02975-05
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.38.2.241-247.1979
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.4.1915-1922.2005
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.59.10.3373-3377.1993
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00199-11
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01430-09
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01832-18
更新日期:2018-11-30 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.2.586-590.2001
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.54.5.1099-1103.1988
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.12.4367-4373.1995
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00042-08
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.4.2359-2365.2006
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01926-20
更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) was detected in 2003 and rapidly became the predominant MRSA clade in the Netherlands. Studies have shown that transmissions are difficult to identify, since this MRSA variant represents a genetically homogenous clade when current typ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00773-16
更新日期:2016-06-30 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.35.1.38-44.1978
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three strains of Streptococcus bovis, a homolactic bacterium capable of utilizing starch, were evaluated for growth kinetics and ability to decrease the pH of alfalfa silage. A selected strain was evaluated for its competitiveness as an inoculant with Enterococcus faecium, an organism used in inoculants, and for its a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.10.3000-3005.1991
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00