Abstract：
:Any spinal cord injury carries the potential for persistent disability affecting motor, sensory and autonomic functions. To prevent this outcome, it is highly desirable to block a chain of deleterious reactions developing in the spinal areas immediately around the primary lesion. Thus, early timing of pharmacological neuroprotection should be one major strategy whose impact may be first studied with preclinical models. Using a simple in vitro model of the rat spinal cord it is possible to mimic pathological processes like excitotoxicity that damages neurons because of excessive glutamate receptor activation due to injury, or hypoxic/dysmetabolic insult that preferentially affects glia following vascular dysfunction. While ongoing research is exploring the various components of pathways leading to cell death, current treatment principally relies on the off-label use of riluzole (RLZ) or methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS). The mechanism of action of these drugs is diverse as RLZ targets mainly neurons and MPSS targets glia. Even when applied after a transient excitotoxic stimulus, RLZ can provide effective prevention of secondary excitotoxic damage to premotoneurons, although not to motoneurons that remain very vulnerable. This observation indicates persistent inability to express locomotor activity despite pharmacological treatment conferring some histological protection. MPSS can protect glia from dysmetabolic insult, yet it remains poorly effective to prevent neuronal death. In summary, it appears that these pharmacological agents can produce delayed protection for certain cell types only, and that their combined administration does not provide additional benefit. The search should continue for better, mechanism-based neuroprotective agents.
journal_name
Neurochem Resjournal_title
Neurochemical researchauthors
Sámano C,Nistri Adoi
10.1007/s11064-017-2459-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-01-01 00:00:00pages
200-213issue
1eissn
0364-3190issn
1573-6903pii
10.1007/s11064-017-2459-6journal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:cDNA microarray analysis of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+) toxicity (1 mM, 72 h) in undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells identified 48 genes that displayed a signal intensity greater than the mean of all differentially expressed genes and a two-fold or greater difference in normalized expression. RT-PCR analysis of a s...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1026179926780
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in oxygen consumption, body temperature and energy metabolism were studied while mice were repeatedly exposed to a sealed environment. The average tolerance limits of environmental oxygen level (vol%) and the average oxygen consumption rates (ml/g x min) were exponentially decreased and the average body rectal...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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abstract：:The present study addressed the hypothesis that the DA transporter ligand, [3H]mazindol, labels multiple sites/states associated with the dopamine (DA) transporter in striatal membranes. Incubations with [3H]mazindol proceeded for 18-24 hr at 4 degrees C in 55.2 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, with a protease inhi...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-013-1222-x
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,撤回出版物
doi：10.1007/s11064-020-03077-0
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020716304520
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-013-1177-y
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-010-0133-3
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00964358
更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00974579
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-007-9567-7
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-011-0490-6
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00967978
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00965031
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1022575511354
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-005-8839-3
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00966765
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of phenobarbital (100 mg/kg i.p.) and 6-aminonicotinamide (6AN) (35 mg/kg i.p.) on enzyme activities related to energy transduction was investigated on the homogenate "in toto", non-synaptic mitochondrial fraction and synaptosomal fraction isolated from different rat brain areas (cerebral cortex, hippocampu...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00971361
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The protein composition of myelin isolated from the CNS of four different fish species (trout, goldfish), eel, Tilapia) was analysed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and compared with that of pig and rat brain. Thereby the following features were found typical to the myelin of fish: (1) a basic protein of par...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-016-1987-9
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in brain. By stimulating neuronal activity, glutamate increases cellular energy utilization, enhances ATP hydrolysis and promotes the formation of adenosine. Adenosine has receptor-mediated effects that reduce or oppose the excitatory effects of glutamate. As a poss...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1014955111742
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is an important public health problem in neurology, which is not only associated with high mortality but also leading to disability. Yet no satisfactory treatment has been developed. The secondary injury that resulted from a number of self-destructive processes such as neuroinflammation,...
journal_title：Neurochemical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11064-017-2179-y
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
