Greater Internet use is not associated with faster growth in political polarization among US demographic groups.

Abstract:

:We combine eight previously proposed measures to construct an index of political polarization among US adults. We find that polarization has increased the most among the demographic groups least likely to use the Internet and social media. Our overall index and all but one of the individual measures show greater increases for those older than 65 than for those aged 18-39. A linear model estimated at the age-group level implies that the Internet explains a small share of the recent growth in polarization.

authors

Boxell L,Gentzkow M,Shapiro JM

doi

10.1073/pnas.1706588114

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-10-03 00:00:00

pages

10612-10617

issue

40

eissn

0027-8424

issn

1091-6490

pii

1706588114

journal_volume

114

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Declining survival probability threatens the North Atlantic right whale.

    abstract::The North Atlantic northern right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is considered the most endangered large whale species. Its population has recovered only slowly since the cessation of commercial whaling and numbers about 300 individuals. We applied mark-recapture statistics to a catalog of photographically identified ind...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.96.6.3308

    authors: Caswell H,Fujiwara M,Brault S

    更新日期:1999-03-16 00:00:00

  • Characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ERG26 gene encoding the C-3 sterol dehydrogenase (C-4 decarboxylase) involved in sterol biosynthesis.

    abstract::All but two genes involved in the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been cloned, and their corresponding mutants have been described. The remaining genes encode the C-3 sterol dehydrogenase (C-4 decarboxylase) and the 3-keto sterol reductase and in concert with the C-4 sterol methyloxida...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.95.23.13794

    authors: Gachotte D,Barbuch R,Gaylor J,Nickel E,Bard M

    更新日期:1998-11-10 00:00:00

  • Estrogen receptor has enhanced affinity for bromodeoxyuridine-substituted DNA.

    abstract::The estrogen receptor (E2R) from rabbit uterus has an enhanced affinity for BrdUrd-substituted DNA compared to unsubstituted DNA. Increasing levels of BrdUrd substitution (from 0 to 100%) in a DNA sample are associated with increasingly tighter binding of E2R to that DNA as measured by equilibrium competition experime...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.75.10.4896

    authors: Kallos J,Fasy TM,Hollander VP,Bick MD

    更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00

  • Placental protection of the fetal brain during short-term food deprivation.

    abstract::The fetal genome regulates maternal physiology and behavior via its placenta, which produces hormones that act on the maternal hypothalamus. At the same time, the fetus itself develops a hypothalamus. In this study we show that many of the genes that regulate placental development also regulate the developing hypothal...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1106022108

    authors: Broad KD,Keverne EB

    更新日期:2011-09-13 00:00:00

  • Stress-induced changes in cerebral metabolites, hippocampal volume, and cell proliferation are prevented by antidepressant treatment with tianeptine.

    abstract::Stress-induced structural remodeling in the adult hippocampus, involving debranching and shortening of dendrites and suppression of neurogenesis, provides a cellular basis for understanding the impairment of neural plasticity in the human hippocampus in depressive illness. Accordingly, reversal of structural remodelin...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.211427898

    authors: Czéh B,Michaelis T,Watanabe T,Frahm J,de Biurrun G,van Kampen M,Bartolomucci A,Fuchs E

    更新日期:2001-10-23 00:00:00

  • Habituation of tobacco pith cells for factors promoting cell division is heritable and potentially reversible.

    abstract::A type of heritable cellular change, known as habituation, occurs spontaneously in plant tissue and cell culture. This phenomenon is characterized by a newly acquired capacity of plant cells to produce growth regulatory substances. Using cloned lines of tobacco pith parenchyma cells, we demonstrated that a newly acqui...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.70.9.2660

    authors: Binns A,Meins F

    更新日期:1973-09-01 00:00:00

  • Alpha-helical stabilization by side chain shielding of backbone hydrogen bonds.

    abstract::We study atomic models of the thermodynamics of the structural transition of peptides that form alpha-helices. The effect of sequence variation on alpha-helix formation for alanine-rich peptides, Ac-Ala21-methyl amide (A21) and Ac-A5 (AAARA)3A-methyl amide (Fs peptide), is investigated by atomic simulation studies of ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.042496899

    authors: García AE,Sanbonmatsu KY

    更新日期:2002-03-05 00:00:00

  • Bacterial nodulation protein NodZ is a chitin oligosaccharide fucosyltransferase which can also recognize related substrates of animal origin.

    abstract::The nodZ gene, which is present in various soil bacteria such as Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Azorhizobium caulinodans, and Rhizobium loti, is involved in the addition of a fucosyl residue to the reducing N-acetylglucosamine residue of lipochitin oligosaccharide (LCO) signal molecules. Using an Escherichia coli strain th...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.94.9.4336

    authors: Quinto C,Wijfjes AH,Bloemberg GV,Blok-Tip L,López-Lara IM,Lugtenberg BJ,Thomas-Oates JE,Spaink HP

    更新日期:1997-04-29 00:00:00

  • Regulation of heme pathway enzymes and cellular glutathione content by metals that do not chelate with tetrapyrroles: blockade of metal effects by thiols.

    abstract::The trace metals nickel and platinum, which are not substrates for ferrochelatase and thus do not form heme in biological systems, were found to act similaryl to cobalt, and heme itself, in regulating heme metabolism in liver and kidney. These metals induced heme oxygenase activity in both organs with the peak of indu...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.74.5.1875

    authors: Maines MD,Kappas A

    更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00

  • Functional role for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the caudate nucleus: a 2-deoxy[14C]glucose investigation.

    abstract::The quantitative autoradiographic 2-deoxy-[14C]glucose technique has been used with conscious rats to investigate the functional consequences (reflected as alterations in local rates of glucose utilization) of unilateral intrastriatal administration of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Intrastriatal administration of...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.80.5.1472

    authors: McCulloch J,Kelly PA,Uddman R,Edvinsson L

    更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00

  • Possible ideal lac operator: Escherichia coli lac operator-like sequences from eukaryotic genomes lack the central G X C pair.

    abstract::Five DNA fragments have been cloned from yeast, chicken, and mouse DNA that titrate lac repressor in an Escherichia coli lac+ I+Z+ wild-type strain when on a multi-copy plasmid. The five repressor-binding sequences have been identified by DNA sequence determinations and DNase cleavage-inhibition patterns. They share t...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.81.6.1624

    authors: Simons A,Tils D,von Wilcken-Bergmann B,Müller-Hill B

    更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00

  • 13C nuclear magnetic resonance studies of anaerobic glycolysis in suspensions of yeast cells.

    abstract::Anaerobic glycolysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been studied by 13C NMR at 90.5 MHz. [1-13c]Glucose and [6-13C]glucose were fed to suspensions of yeast cells. Time courses for concentration changes of the starting material, of courses for concentration changes of the starting material, of the intermediate fructos...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.76.12.6096

    authors: den Hollander JA,Brown TR,Ugurbil K,Shulman RG

    更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00

  • Inhibitors of Ras/Raf-1 interaction identified by two-hybrid screening revert Ras-dependent transformation phenotypes in human cancer cells.

    abstract::The interaction of activated Ras with Raf initiates signaling cascades that contribute to a significant percentage of human tumors, suggesting that agents that specifically disrupt this interaction might have desirable chemotherapeutic properties. We used a subtractive forward two-hybrid approach to identify small mol...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.222222699

    authors: Kato-Stankiewicz J,Hakimi I,Zhi G,Zhang J,Serebriiskii I,Guo L,Edamatsu H,Koide H,Menon S,Eckl R,Sakamuri S,Lu Y,Chen QZ,Agarwal S,Baumbach WR,Golemis EA,Tamanoi F,Khazak V

    更新日期:2002-10-29 00:00:00

  • DNA inversion within the apolipoproteins AI/CIII/AIV-encoding gene cluster of certain patients with premature atherosclerosis.

    abstract::The genes coding for apolipoproteins (apo) AI, CIII, and AIV, designated APOA1, APOC3, and APOA4, respectively, are closely linked and tandemly organized in the long arm of the human chromosome 11. A DNA rearrangement involving the genes encoding apoAI and apoCIII in certain patients with premature atherosclerosis has...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.84.20.7198

    authors: Karathanasis SK,Ferris E,Haddad IA

    更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00

  • Induction of resistance to diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice by targeting CD44 with a specific monoclonal antibody.

    abstract::Inflammatory destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets is the hallmark of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, a spontaneous autoimmune disease of non-obese diabetic mice resembling human juvenile (type I) diabetes. Histochemical analysis of diabetic pancreata revealed that mononuclear cells...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.97.1.285

    authors: Weiss L,Slavin S,Reich S,Cohen P,Shuster S,Stern R,Kaganovsky E,Okon E,Rubinstein AM,Naor D

    更新日期:2000-01-04 00:00:00

  • Metabolic cost as a unifying principle governing neuronal biophysics.

    abstract::The brain contains an astonishing diversity of neurons, each expressing only one set of ion channels out of the billions of potential channel combinations. Simple organizing principles are required for us to make sense of this abundance of possibilities and wealth of related data. We suggest that energy minimization s...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0914886107

    authors: Hasenstaub A,Otte S,Callaway E,Sejnowski TJ

    更新日期:2010-07-06 00:00:00

  • Dissection of the enhancer activity of beta-globin 5' DNase I-hypersensitive site 2 in transgenic mice.

    abstract::The beta-globin locus control region (LCR) consists of four erythroid-specific DNase I-hypersensitive sites, which are necessary for high-level expression of the beta-like globin genes in erythroid tissues. One of these sites, designated 5'HS-2, functions as an erythroid-specific enhancer element in transfection and t...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.89.9.3899

    authors: Liu D,Chang JC,Moi P,Liu W,Kan YW,Curtin PT

    更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00

  • Convergent evolution toward an improved growth rate and a reduced resistance range in Prochlorococcus strains resistant to phage.

    abstract::Prochlorococcus is an abundant marine cyanobacterium that grows rapidly in the environment and contributes significantly to global primary production. This cyanobacterium coexists with many cyanophages in the oceans, likely aided by resistance to numerous co-occurring phages. Spontaneous resistance occurs frequently i...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1420347112

    authors: Avrani S,Lindell D

    更新日期:2015-04-28 00:00:00

  • To qualify as a social partner, humans hide severe punishment, although their observed cooperativeness is decisive.

    abstract::Conflicts of interest between the community and its members are at the core of human social dilemmas. If observed selfishness has future costs, individuals may hide selfish acts but display altruistic ones, and peers aim at identifying the most selfish persons to avoid them as future social partners. An interaction in...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1108996108

    authors: Rockenbach B,Milinski M

    更新日期:2011-11-08 00:00:00

  • Heterodimeric complexes of Hop2 and Mnd1 function with Dmc1 to promote meiotic homolog juxtaposition and strand assimilation.

    abstract::Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hop2 and Mnd1 are abundant meiosisspecific chromosomal proteins, and mutations in the corresponding genes lead to defects in meiotic recombination and in homologous chromosome interactions during mid-prophase. Analysis of various double mutants suggests that HOP2, MND1, and DMC1 act in the sam...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0404195101

    authors: Chen YK,Leng CH,Olivares H,Lee MH,Chang YC,Kung WM,Ti SC,Lo YH,Wang AH,Chang CS,Bishop DK,Hsueh YP,Wang TF

    更新日期:2004-07-20 00:00:00

  • Effects of mutant p53 expression on human 15-lipoxygenase-promoter activity and murine 12/15-lipoxygenase gene expression: evidence that 15-lipoxygenase is a mutator gene.

    abstract::Human 15-lipoxygenase (h15-LO) is present on chromosome 17p13.3 in close proximity to the tumor-suppressor gene, p53. 15-LO is implicated in antiinflammation, membrane remodeling, and cancer development/metastasis. The murine BALB/c embryo fibroblast cell line, (10)1val, expresses p53 in mutant (mt) conformation when ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.96.8.4378

    authors: Kelavkar UP,Badr KF

    更新日期:1999-04-13 00:00:00

  • Probing the mechanism of inhibition of amyloid-β(1-42)-induced neurotoxicity by the chaperonin GroEL.

    abstract::The human chaperonin Hsp60 is thought to play a role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease by mitigating against intracellular β-amyloid stress. Here, we show that the bacterial homolog GroEL (51% sequence identity) reduces the neurotoxic effects of amyloid-β(1-42) (Aβ42) on human neural stem cell-derived neuronal...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1817477115

    authors: Wälti MA,Steiner J,Meng F,Chung HS,Louis JM,Ghirlando R,Tugarinov V,Nath A,Clore GM

    更新日期:2018-12-18 00:00:00

  • Cross-biome metagenomic analyses of soil microbial communities and their functional attributes.

    abstract::For centuries ecologists have studied how the diversity and functional traits of plant and animal communities vary across biomes. In contrast, we have only just begun exploring similar questions for soil microbial communities despite soil microbes being the dominant engines of biogeochemical cycles and a major pool of...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1215210110

    authors: Fierer N,Leff JW,Adams BJ,Nielsen UN,Bates ST,Lauber CL,Owens S,Gilbert JA,Wall DH,Caporaso JG

    更新日期:2012-12-26 00:00:00

  • Structural aspects of activation pathways of aspartic protease zymogens and viral 3C protease precursors.

    abstract::The three-dimensional structures of the inactive protein precursors (zymogens) of the serine, cysteine, aspartic, and metalloprotease classes of proteolytic enzymes are known. Comparisons of these structures with those of the mature, active proteases reveal that, in general, the preformed, active conformations of the ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1073/pnas.96.20.10968

    authors: Khan AR,Khazanovich-Bernstein N,Bergmann EM,James MN

    更新日期:1999-09-28 00:00:00

  • Allosteric and hyperekplexic mutant phenotypes investigated on an α1 glycine receptor transmembrane structure.

    abstract::The glycine receptor (GlyR) is a pentameric ligand-gated ion channel (pLGIC) mediating inhibitory transmission in the nervous system. Its transmembrane domain (TMD) is the target of allosteric modulators such as general anesthetics and ethanol and is a major locus for hyperekplexic congenital mutations altering the al...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1417864112

    authors: Moraga-Cid G,Sauguet L,Huon C,Malherbe L,Girard-Blanc C,Petres S,Murail S,Taly A,Baaden M,Delarue M,Corringer PJ

    更新日期:2015-03-03 00:00:00

  • Iron pnictides as a new setting for quantum criticality.

    abstract::Two major themes in the physics of condensed matter are quantum critical phenomena and unconventional superconductivity. These usually occur in the context of competing interactions in systems of strongly correlated electrons. All this interesting physics comes together in the behavior of the recently discovered iron ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0900886106

    authors: Dai J,Si Q,Zhu JX,Abrahams E

    更新日期:2009-03-17 00:00:00

  • Energy dissipation bounds for autonomous thermodynamic cycles.

    abstract::How much free energy is irreversibly lost during a thermodynamic process? For deterministic protocols, lower bounds on energy dissipation arise from the thermodynamic friction associated with pushing a system out of equilibrium in finite time. Recent work has also bounded the cost of precisely moving a single degree o...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1915676117

    authors: Bryant SJ,Machta BB

    更新日期:2020-02-18 00:00:00

  • A mechanism for temporary bioadhesion.

    abstract::The flatworm Macrostomum lignano features a duo-gland adhesive system that allows it to repeatedly attach to and release from substrates in seawater within a minute. However, little is known about the molecules involved in this temporary adhesion. In this study, we show that the attachment of M. lignano relies on the ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1814230116

    authors: Wunderer J,Lengerer B,Pjeta R,Bertemes P,Kremser L,Lindner H,Ederth T,Hess MW,Stock D,Salvenmoser W,Ladurner P

    更新日期:2019-03-05 00:00:00

  • Stochastic model of protein-protein interaction: why signaling proteins need to be colocalized.

    abstract::Colocalization of proteins that are part of the same signal transduction pathway via compartmentalization, scaffold, or anchor proteins is an essential aspect of the signal transduction system in eukaryotic cells. If interaction must occur via free diffusion, then the spatial separation between the sources of the two ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0401314101

    authors: Batada NN,Shepp LA,Siegmund DO

    更新日期:2004-04-27 00:00:00

  • The same 50-kDa cellular protein binds to the negative regulatory elements of the interleukin 2 receptor alpha-chain gene and the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat.

    abstract::We have investigated the biochemical basis for negative regulation of interleukin 2 receptor alpha-chain (IL-2R alpha) gene expression. Transient transfection studies employing internally deleted forms of the IL-2R alpha promoter localized a negative regulatory element (NRE) between nucleotides -400 and -368 relative ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.86.21.8526

    authors: Smith MR,Greene WC

    更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00