Abstract:
:Anaerobic glycolysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been studied by 13C NMR at 90.5 MHz. [1-13c]Glucose and [6-13C]glucose were fed to suspensions of yeast cells. Time courses for concentration changes of the starting material, of courses for concentration changes of the starting material, of the intermediate fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (Fru-P2), and of the end products, ethanol and glycerol, have been followed with 1-min time resolution. The glucose uptake was well fitted by a Michaelis-Menten model, assuming competition of alpha- and beta-glucose for the same site. The Km for the uptake was found to be 10 mM for beta-glucose and 5 mM for alpha-glucose. The concentration of Fru-P2 showed an initial oscillation before it reached a co,stant level. The 13C label, introduced only as [-13C]- or [6-13C]glucose, was observed in Fru-P2 in both the C1 and C6 positions, simultaneously. From the relative intensities of the C1 Fru-P2 and C6 Fru-P2 peaks in the presence of [1-13C]- and [6-13C]glucose, in vivo kinetic information was obtained about the aldolase-triosephosphate isomerase triangle. We found that under the conditions of these experiments the ratios of backward to forward velocities through aldolase and triosephosphate isomerase were 0.9 +/- 0.1 and 0.8 +/- 1, respectively, indicating they were close to equilibrium.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
den Hollander JA,Brown TR,Ugurbil K,Shulman RGdoi
10.1073/pnas.76.12.6096subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1979-12-01 00:00:00pages
6096-100issue
12eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The localization of endothelin 1 mRNA and endothelin-like immunoreactivity was investigated in samples of neurologically normal nervous system tissue from 10 adults by using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. Tissue sections of spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia were hybridized with an 35S-radiolabeled en...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.19.7634
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The signal recognition particle (SRP) is a ribonucleoprotein composed of an Alu domain and an S domain. The S domain contains unique sequence SRP RNA and four SRP proteins: SRP19, SRP54, SRP68, and SRP72. SRP interacts with ribosomes to bring translating membrane and secreted proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.1.55
更新日期:2000-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::An acetone extract of chloroplast particles, when layered on an aqueous surface, exhibited light-dependent phosphorylation. Studies with the firefly-tail enzyme assay, as well as with (32)P-labeled inorganic phosphate, show an initial release of adenosine triphosphate (a step that is apparently only light-triggered), ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.1.50
更新日期:1973-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::MDM2 and MDMX are homologous proteins that bind to p53 and regulate its activity. Both contain three folded domains and ~70% intrinsically disordered regions. Previous detailed structural and biophysical studies have concentrated on the isolated folded domains. The N-terminal domains of both exhibit high affinity for ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1317398110
更新日期:2013-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::The structural requirements of E. coli formylmethionine tRNA for aminoacylation have been examined by chemical modification of the tRNA, followed by separation of the modified molecules into active and inactive components. Photooxidation of tRNA(fMet) at 50 degrees in the presence of methylene blue results in modifica...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.12.3594
更新日期:1972-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neutrophils and dendritic cells when migrating in confined environments have been shown to actuate a directional choice toward paths of least hydraulic resistance (barotaxis), in some cases overriding chemotactic responses. Here, we investigate whether this barotactic response is conserved in the more primitive model ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2000686117
更新日期:2020-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::Lateral inhibition is the ubiquitous strategy used by visual neurons for spatial resolution throughout the animal kingdom. It has been a puzzle whether lateral inputs in retinal bipolar cells are mediated by the horizontal cell (HC)-cone feedback synapse, by the HC-bipolar cell feedforward synapse, or by both. By bloc...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.8.3310
更新日期:1991-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Female Utetheisa ornatrix exercise postcopulatory mate selection, favoring sperm of larger males. Larger males also produce larger spermatophores, raising the question whether males are selected on the basis of body size or the size of their spermatophore. We here present evidence, based on matings in which males were...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.15.7081
更新日期:1994-07-19 00:00:00
abstract::Protein homeostasis is critically important for cell viability. Key to this process is the refolding of misfolded or aggregated proteins by molecular chaperones or, alternatively, their degradation by proteases. In most prokaryotes and in chloroplasts and mitochondria, protein degradation is performed by the caseinoly...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1805125115
更新日期:2018-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::The major small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) U1, U2, U4/U6, and U5 share a set of common proteins denoted B/B', D1, D2, D3, E, F, and G which play an important part in the biogenesis of the snRNPs. In addition, there is a link between the common proteins and autoimmunity; the three D proteins, together with B/B...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.25.12317
更新日期:1994-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::A labile selenium donor compound monoselenophosphate is synthesized from selenide and ATP by selenophosphate synthetase (SPS). In the present study, Sps1 and Sps2 were cloned from a cDNA library prepared from human lung adenocarcinoma cells (NCIH441). The human lung Sps1 has been cloned as an ORF of 1,179 bp, identica...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0406313101
更新日期:2004-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Generation of nanomechanical cantilever motion from biomolecular interactions can have wide applications, ranging from high-throughput biomolecular detection to bioactuation. Although it has been suggested that such motion is caused by changes in surface stress of a cantilever beam, the origin of the surface-stress ch...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.031362498
更新日期:2001-02-13 00:00:00
abstract::Immunotherapy is emerging as one of the most effective methods for treating many cancers. However, immunotherapy can still introduce significant off-target toxicity, and methods are sought to enable targeted immunotherapy at tumor sites. Here, we show that relatively large (>100-nm) anionic nanoparticles administered ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1917424117
更新日期:2020-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides widely used in the pharmaceutical industry to improve drug delivery and to increase the solubility of hydrophobic compounds. Anabaenolysins are lipopeptides produced by cyanobacteria with potent lytic activity in cholesterol-containing membranes. Here, we identified the 23- to...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1510432112
更新日期:2015-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::In response to the challenges of cancer chemotherapeutics, including poor physicochemical properties, low tumor targeting, insufficient tumor cell internalization/bioavailability, and side effects, we developed a unique tumor-targeted micellar drug-delivery platform. Using paclitaxel as a model therapeutic, a nanoprep...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1304987110
更新日期:2013-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Histone H3 phosphorylation is a critical step that couples signal transduction pathways to gene regulation. To specifically assess the transcriptional regulatory functions of H3 phosphorylation, we developed an in vivo targeting approach and found that the H3 kinase MSK1 is a direct and potent transcriptional activato...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1012798108
更新日期:2011-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Thrombin contains electropositive patches at opposite poles of the molecule which represent potential exosites for the binding of macromolecular ligands. The function of anion-binding exosite I, the fibrin(ogen) recognition site, has been well described. Anion-binding exosite II, located near the carboxyl terminus of ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.12.5518
更新日期:1994-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::Sleep is essential for basic survival, and insufficient sleep leads to a variety of dysfunctions. In humans, one of the most profound consequences of sleep deprivation is imprecise or irrational communication, demonstrated by degradation in signaling as well as in receiving information. Communication in nonhuman anima...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1009439108
更新日期:2010-12-28 00:00:00
abstract::Targeted disruption of the pp60(src) (Src) gene has implicated this tyrosine kinase in osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and as a therapeutic target for the treatment of osteoporosis and other bone-related diseases. Herein we describe the discovery of a nonpeptide inhibitor (AP22408) of Src that demonstrates in vivo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.17.9373
更新日期:2000-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Protein aggregation is a complex physiological process, primarily determined by stress-related factors revealing the hidden aggregation propensity of proteins that otherwise are fully soluble. Here we report a mechanism by which glycolytic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase of Arabidopsis thaliana (AtGAPC1) is p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1914484116
更新日期:2019-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::Comparative genetic maps of Papuan Saccharum officinarum L. (2n = 80) and S. robustum (2n = 80) were constructed by using single-dose DNA markers (SDMs). SDM-framework maps of S. officinarum and S. robustum were compared with genetic maps of sorghum and maize by way of anchor restriction fragment length polymorphism p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.26.14261
更新日期:1997-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Bt toxins derived from the arthropod bacterial pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis are widely used for insect control as insecticides or in transgenic crops. Bt resistance has been found in field populations of several lepidopteran pests and in laboratory strains selected with Bt toxin. Widespread planting of crops expres...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1120698109
更新日期:2012-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a multifunctional protein that participates in signaling pathways initiated by various growth factors and cytokines. It exists in multiple forms including those phosphorylated on Tyr(705) (pYSTAT3) or Ser(727) (pSSTAT3) as well as the unphosphorylated prote...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1316815111
更新日期:2014-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::The activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) gene is a neural immediate early gene that is involved in synaptic downscaling and is robustly induced by prolonged wakefulness in rodent brains. Converging evidence has led to the hypothesis that wakefulness potentiates, and sleep reduces, synaptic strength...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1906840117
更新日期:2020-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::A controversial topic in the recent climate modeling literature is the fashion in which metastable low-frequency regimes in the atmosphere occur despite nearly Gaussian statistics for these planetary waves. Here a simple 57-mode paradigm model for such metastable atmospheric regime behavior is introduced and analyzed ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0602641103
更新日期:2006-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral models indicate that persistent small afferent input, as generated by tissue injury, results in a hyperalgesia at the site of injury and a tactile allodynia in areas adjacent to the injury site. Hyperalgesia reflects a sensitization of the peripheral terminal and a central facilitation evoked by the persist...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.14.7680
更新日期:1999-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::This study uses a multiisotope (carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and strontium) approach to examine early animal management in the Maya region. An analysis of faunal specimens across almost 2,000 years (1000 BC to AD 950) at the site of Ceibal, Guatemala, reveals the earliest evidence for live-traded dogs and possible captiv...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1713880115
更新日期:2018-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::SecA, the translocation ATPase in Escherichia coli, undergoes cycles of conformational changes (insertion/deinsertion) in response to ATP and a preprotein. The membrane-embedded portion of protein translocase, SecYEG, has crucial roles in the SecA-driven preprotein translocation reaction. We previously identified a se...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.23.13567
更新日期:1998-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in the amount, intensity, and timing of precipitation are increasing hydrologic variability in many regions, but we have little understanding of how these changes are affecting freshwater species. Stream-breeding amphibians-a diverse group in North America-may be particularly sensitive to hydrologic variabilit...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1908057116
更新日期:2019-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) is a 42-amino acid gastrointestinal regulatory peptide that stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells in the presence of glucose. Approximately 7.8 x 10(5) recombinant clones of a neonatal rat intestinal cDNA library were screened by using plaque hybridizati...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.5.1992
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00