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Probing low-energy hyperbolic polaritons in van der Waals crystals with an electron microscope.

Abstract：

:Van der Waals materials exhibit intriguing structural, electronic, and photonic properties. Electron energy loss spectroscopy within scanning transmission electron microscopy allows for nanoscale mapping of such properties. However, its detection is typically limited to energy losses in the eV range-too large for probing low-energy excitations such as phonons or mid-infrared plasmons. Here, we adapt a conventional instrument to probe energy loss down to 100 meV, and map phononic states in hexagonal boron nitride, a representative van der Waals material. The boron nitride spectra depend on the flake thickness and on the distance of the electron beam to the flake edges. To explain these observations, we developed a classical response theory that describes the interaction of fast electrons with (anisotropic) van der Waals slabs, revealing that the electron energy loss is dominated by excitation of hyperbolic phonon polaritons, and not of bulk phonons as often reported. Thus, our work is of fundamental importance for interpreting future low-energy loss spectra of van der Waals materials.Here the authors adapt a STEM-EELS system to probe energy loss down to 100 meV, and apply it to map phononic states in hexagonal boron nitride, revealing that the electron loss is dominated by hyperbolic phonon polaritons.

journal_name

Nat Commun

journal_title

Nature communications

authors

Govyadinov AA,Konečná A,Chuvilin A,Vélez S,Dolado I,Nikitin AY,Lopatin S,Casanova F,Hueso LE,Aizpurua J,Hillenbrand R

doi

10.1038/s41467-017-00056-y

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-07-21 00:00:00

pages

95

issue

1

issn

2041-1723

pii

10.1038/s41467-017-00056-y

journal_volume

8

pub_type

杂志文章

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