Abstract:
:Six pairs of pigs were fed a basal diet, a high-fiber diet, and a diet high in corn oil in different sequences to minimize the carry-over effect of diet. After 2 months on each diet, a fecal specimen from each pig was cultured on nonselective medium in roll tubes. Fifty colonies were randomly selected from each fecal sample, and isolates were characterized to identify a representative cross section of the fecal flora. The bacterial composition of the fecal flora differed between basal and high-fiber diets (P = 0.002) and between high-fiber and high-oil diets (P = 0.015). However, the floras were not significantly different between the basal and the high-oil diets (P = 0.135), nor were the floras of the 12 individual pigs (each on all three diets) statistically different (P = 0.103). Only 14 of the 160 observed taxa have been detected in the human fecal flora, and only 159 of 1,871 total isolates (8.5%) were members of described species. The most common isolate was a Streptococcus species similar to that reported by Robinson et al. (I. M. Robinson, S. C. Whipp, J. A. Bucklin, and M. J. Allison, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 48:964-969, 1984), which was found in 34 of 36 samples and which represented 27.5% of all isolates. Lactobacillus, Fusobacterium, Eubacterium, Bacteroides, and Peptostreptococcus species were the next most common bacteria. Escherichia coli represented 1.7% of all fecal isolates, which is somewhat higher than the 0.1 to 0.6% observed in human feces cultured similarly with prereduced anaerobically sterilized media.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Moore WE,Moore LV,Cato EP,Wilkins TD,Kornegay ETdoi
10.1128/AEM.53.7.1638-1644.1987subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-07-01 00:00:00pages
1638-44issue
7eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
53pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We recently characterized a transposon-induced NaCl-sensitive mutant of Staphylococcus aureus (U. Vijaranakul, M. J. Nadakavukaren, D. O. Bayles, B. J. Wilkinson, and R. K. Jayaswal, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:1889-1897, 1997). To further characterize this mutant, we determined the nucleotide sequence at the inserti...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.2.763-767.1998
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Curli are adhesive fimbriae of Enterobacteriaceae and are involved in surface attachment, cell aggregation, and biofilm formation. Here, we report that both inter- and intrastrain variations in curli production are widespread in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7. The relative proportions of curli-producing va...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02315-10
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A highly sensitive and specific PCR-based method of monitoring 16S rRNA genes of Pseudomonas stutzeri was developed for searching P. stutzeri DNA in environmental samples. This monitoring was combined with a reliable and sensitive method for isolating P. stutzeri colony formers from soil and sediment, depending on the...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.2.865-873.2002
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phenanthrene-degrading bacteria were isolated from a 1-m2 intertidal sediment site in Boston Harbor. Samples were taken six times over 2 years. A total of 432 bacteria were isolated and characterized by biochemical testing. When clustered on the basis of phenotypic characteristics, the isolates could be separated into...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.7.2560-2565.1998
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the impact of solar UV radiation (UVR) (280 to 400 nm) on the filamentous cyanobacterium Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis, we examined the morphological changes and photosynthetic performance using an indoor-grown strain (which had not been exposed to sunlight for decades) and an outdoor-grown strain (which ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.9.5004-5013.2005
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trehalose, a disaccharide accumulated by many microorganisms, acts as a protectant during periods of physiological stress, such as salinity and desiccation. Previous studies reported that the trehalose biosynthetic genes (otsA, treS, and treY) in Bradyrhizobium japonicum were induced by salinity and desiccation stress...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02483-09
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Through genome-wide transcript analysis of a reference strain and two recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains with different rates of galactose uptake, we obtained information about the global transcriptional response to metabolic engineering of the GAL gene regulatory network. One of the recombinant strains over...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.11.6465-6472.2005
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The oil-degrading Arthrobacter sp. RAG-1 produced an extracellular nondialyzable emulsifying agent when grown on hexadecane, ethanol, or acetate medium. The emulsifier was prepared by two procedures: (i) heptane extraction of the cell-free culture medium and (ii) precipitation with ammonium sulfate. A convenient assay...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.37.3.402-408.1979
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe here a new enzyme-coupled assay for the quantitation of d-xylose using readily available enzymes that allows kinetic evaluation of hemicellulolytic enzymes using natural xylooligosaccharide substrates. Hydrogen peroxide is generated as an intermediary analyte, which allows flexibility in the choice of the ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.9.5318-5323.2005
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peramine is an insect-feeding deterrent produced by Epichloë species in symbiotic association with C3 grasses. The perA gene responsible for peramine synthesis encodes a two-module nonribosomal peptide synthetase. Alleles of perA are found in most Epichloë species; however, peramine is not produced by many perA-contai...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03721-14
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::When sucrose is provided as a substrate for glucosyltransferase (GTF), Spp+ cells of the oral bacteria Streptococcus gordonii grow embedded in an insoluble glucan mass associated with surfaces. Spp- phase variants with lower GTF activity, which either arise from or are grown with Spp+ cells, segregate preferentially a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.12.3648-3651.1991
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of peptides were evaluated as chemoattractants for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Several strains recognized tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexapeptides in a capillary tube assay. Tripeptides altered at the carboxyl terminus were good attractants, whereas tripeptides altered at the amino terminus did not serve as chemoat...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.1.363-367.1994
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Potato tuber disks were submerged in suspensions containing 10 to 10 cells of Agrobacterium tumefaciens B6 per ml. After 60 min, the disks were rinsed and homogenized, and portions of the homogenates were plated to measure the number of adsorbed bacteria. At low initial bacterial concentrations (10/ml), 5 to 23% of th...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.49.6.1351-1355.1985
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although extraradicular biofilm formation is related to refractory periapical periodontitis, the mechanism of extraradicular biofilm development, as well as its effect on periapical lesions, is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to develop an in vivo extraradicular biofilm model in rats and to identify and quantify extrarad...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00421-14
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transcript abundances of nitrate transporter genes (Nrt2) were proposed as potential markers for nitrogen deficiency in marine diatoms. To correctly quantify diatom Nrt2 mRNA in the East China Sea (ECS), we utilized both mixed-species sequencing and single-cell PCR to expand the sequence database for this region. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01315-10
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In all purification stages of a biological sewage treatment plant, phototrophic bacteria were detected by the method of viable cell counts. The predominant species identified belonged to the genus Rhodopseudomonas of purple nonsulfur bacteria. The number of phototrophic bacteria was highest in wastewater containing sl...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.35.1.38-44.1978
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus, which are native to estuaries globally, are agents of seafood-borne or wound infections, both potentially fatal. Like all vibrios autochthonous to coastal regions, their abundance varies with changes in environmental parameters. Sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01296-12
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 442 Listeria isolates, including 234 Listeria seeligeri, 80 L. monocytogenes, 74 L. welshimeri, 50 L. innocua, and 4 L. marthii isolates, were obtained from 1,805 soil, water, and other environmental samples collected over 2 years from four urban areas and four areas representing natural environments. Liste...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00282-12
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two different Cd(2+) uptake systems were identified in Lactobacillus plantarum. One is a high-affinity, high-velocity Mn(2+) uptake system which also takes up Cd(2+) and is induced by Mn(2+) starvation. The calculated K(m) and V(max) are 0.26 microM and 3.6 micromol g of dry cell(-1) min(-1), respectively. Unlike Mn(2...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.11.4741-4745.1999
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flow cytometry was used to enumerate and characterize bacteria from a sand column microcosm simulating aquifer conditions. Pure cultures of a species of Bacillus isolated from subsurface sediments or Bacillus megaterium were first evaluated to identify these organisms' characteristic histograms. Counting was then carr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.12.4580-4586.1996
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium botulinum 62A and ATCC 25763 spores required heat activation for maximum colony formation when plated on reinforced clostridial agar (BBL Microbiology Systems) but not when plated on botulinum assay medium. Spores from strains B-aphis and 53B did not exhibit heat activation when plated on either medium. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.42.4.734-736.1981
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to concerns about a link between variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans and similar prion protein-induced disease in cattle, i.e., bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), strict controls are in place to exclude BSE-positive animals and/or specified risk materials including bovine central nervous system (CNS) ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.2.791-798.2002
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Freshwater, sewage, and fecal samples from various sources were examined for Rhodococcus coprophilus, associated actinomycetes, Escherichia coli, and fecal streptococci. Rhodococcus coprophilus was isolated consistently from feces of farm animals, poultry reared in proximity to farm animals, freshwater, and wastewater...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.42.6.1037-1042.1981
更新日期:1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::At certain stages in its growth cycle, Methanosarcina mazei produces an enzyme (disaggregatase) that causes aggregates to separate into single cells. M. mazei S-6 and LYC both produce this enzymatic activity, although the specificities of activities differ. The disaggregatase of M. mazei S-6 had little effect on strai...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.12.3693-3698.1990
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acropora and Porites corals are important reef builders in the Indo-Pacific and Caribbean. Bacteria associated with mucus produced by Porites spp. and Acropora spp. from Caribbean (Punta Maroma, Mexico) and Indo-Pacific (Hoga and Sampela, Indonesia) reefs were determined. Analysis of pyrosequencing libraries showed th...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.07764-11
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here, we report a novel method to produce microencapsulated enzymes using Saccharomyces cerevisiae spores. In sporulating cells, soluble secreted proteins are transported to the spore wall. Previous work has shown that the spore wall is capable of retaining soluble proteins because its outer layers work as a diffusion...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00153-14
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stachybotrys atra is the etiologic agent of stachybotryotoxicosis, and this fungus and its trichothecene mycotoxins were recently implicated in an outbreak of unexplained illness in homes. S. atra was grown on sterile rice, autoclaved, dried, and then aerosolized by acoustic vibration. The distribution of particles (m...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.6.1370-1375.1987
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Broiler chickens from eight commercial farms in Southern Finland were analyzed for the structure of their gastrointestinal microbial community by a nonselective DNA-based method, percent G+C-based profiling. The bacteriological impact of the feed source and in-farm whole-wheat amendment of the diet was assessed by per...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.12.5656-5667.2001
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Different amounts of enterotoxin A-, B-, and C1-producing staphylococci were added to dry sausage prepared by normal processes, either alone or in conjunction with a starter culture (micrococci and lactobacilli). The sausage was examined after 0, 3, 7, 14, and 30 days for staphylococci, micrococci, and lactobacilli, a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.31.1.11-20.1976
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histone modifications are crucial for the regulation of secondary metabolism in various filamentous fungi. Here we studied the involvement of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in secondary metabolism in the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium fujikuroi, a known producer of several secondary metabolites, including phytohormones...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01557-13
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00