Abstract:
:Owls are an order of birds of prey that are known for the development of a silent flight. We review here the morphological adaptations of owls leading to silent flight and discuss also aerodynamic properties of owl wings. We start with early observations (until 2005), and then turn to recent advances. The large wings of these birds, resulting in low wing loading and a low aspect ratio, contribute to noise reduction by allowing slow flight. The serrations on the leading edge of the wing and the velvet-like surface have an effect on noise reduction and also lead to an improvement of aerodynamic performance. The fringes at the inner feather vanes reduce noise by gliding into the grooves at the lower wing surface that are formed by barb shafts. The fringed trailing edge of the wing has been shown to reduce trailing edge noise. These adaptations to silent flight have been an inspiration for biologists and engineers for the development of devices with reduced noise production. Today several biomimetic applications such as a serrated pantograph or a fringed ventilator are available. Finally, we discuss unresolved questions and possible future directions.
journal_name
Interface Focusjournal_title
Interface focusauthors
Wagner H,Weger M,Klaas M,Schröder Wdoi
10.1098/rsfs.2016.0078subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-02-06 00:00:00pages
20160078issue
1eissn
2042-8898issn
2042-8901pii
rsfs20160078journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
Interface Focus文献大全abstract::There is a growing need for patient-specific and holistic modelling of the heart to support comprehensive disease assessment and intervention planning as well as prediction of therapeutic outcomes. We propose a patient-specific model of the whole human heart, which integrates morphology, dynamics and haemodynamic para...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2010.0036
更新日期:2011-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::A computational model of the outer hair cell (OHC) of the mammalian cochlea is presented. It addresses the way in which movement of ions controls the cell shape and regulates pH. The model takes into account the possible chloride-bicarbonate exchange function of prestin, a protein highly expressed in the plasma membra...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2014.0018
更新日期:2014-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Must higher level biological processes always be derivable from lower level data and mechanisms, as assumed by the idea that an organism is completely defined by its genome? Or are higher level properties necessarily also causes of lower level behaviour, involving actions and interactions both ways? This article uses ...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2011.0067
更新日期:2012-02-06 00:00:00
abstract::Formation of spatial patterns of cells is a recurring theme in biology and often depends on regulated cell motility. Motility of the rod-shaped cells of the bacterium Myxococcus xanthus depends on two motility machineries, type IV pili (giving rise to S-motility) and the gliding motility apparatus (giving rise to A-mo...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2012.0034
更新日期:2012-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Periodontitis is a polymicrobial, biofilm-caused, inflammatory disease affecting the tooth-supporting tissues. It is not only the leading cause of tooth loss worldwide, but can also impact systemic health. The development of effective treatment strategies is hampered by the complicated disease pathogenesis which is be...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2018.0064
更新日期:2019-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::Cell migration participates in a variety of physiological and pathological processes such as embryonic development, cancer metastasis, blood vessel formation and remoulding, tissue regeneration, immune surveillance and inflammation. The cells specifically migrate to destiny sites induced by the gradually varying conce...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2011.0124
更新日期:2012-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Mental time travel allows us to revisit our memories and imagine future scenarios, and this is why memories are not only about the past, but they are also prospective. These episodic memories are not a fixed store of what happened, however, they are reassessed each time they are revisited and depend on the sequence in...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2016.0112
更新日期:2017-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::The combination of high strength and high toughness is a desirable feature that structural materials should display. However, while in the past, engineers had to compromise on either strength or toughness depending on the requested application, nowadays, new toughening strategies are available to provide strong materi...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2015.0060
更新日期:2016-02-06 00:00:00
abstract::'Managed grazing' is gaining attention for its potential to contribute to climate change mitigation by reducing bare ground and promoting perennialization, thereby enhancing soil carbon sequestration (SCS). Understanding why ranchers adopt managed grazing is key to developing the right incentives. In this paper, we ex...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2020.0027
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic β-cells use Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of large dense core vesicles to release insulin. Exocytosis in β-cells has been studied biochemically, biophysically and optically. We have previously developed a biophysical method to monitor release of endogenous intragranular constituents that are co-released with ...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2010.0006
更新日期:2011-02-06 00:00:00
abstract::One of the predictions of game theory is that cooperative behaviours are vulnerable to exploitation by selfish individuals, but this result seemingly contradicts the survival of cooperation observed in nature. In this review, we will introduce game theoretical concepts that lead to this conclusion and show how the spa...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2014.0029
更新日期:2014-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::In areas of oil and gas exploration, seismic lines have been reported to alter the movement patterns of wolves (Canis lupus). We developed a mechanistic first passage time model, based on an anisotropic elliptic partial differential equation, and used this to explore how wolf movement responses to seismic lines influe...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2011.0086
更新日期:2012-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::Yves Bouligand's analysis of the organizations of biological materials in relation to those of liquid crystals enabled the development of the idea that physical forces exerting their actions under strong spatial constraints determine the structures and morphologies of these materials. The different levels of organizat...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2012.0014
更新日期:2012-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::This article uses an integrative systems biological view of the relationship between genotypes and phenotypes to clarify some conceptual problems in biological debates about causality. The differential (gene-centric) view is incomplete in a sense analogous to using differentiation without integration in mathematics. D...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2010.0444
更新日期:2011-02-06 00:00:00
abstract::Dynamic remodelling of actin stress fibres (SFs) allows non-muscle cells to adapt to applied forces such as uniaxial cell shortening. However, the mechanism underlying rapid and selective disassembly of SFs oriented in the direction of shortening remains to be elucidated. Here, we investigated how myosin crossbridge c...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2011.0031
更新日期:2011-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Multiscale simulations are essential in the biomedical domain to accurately model human physiology. We present a modular approach for designing, constructing and executing multiscale simulations on a wide range of resources, from laptops to petascale supercomputers, including combinations of these. Our work features t...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2012.0087
更新日期:2013-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::The placenta provides all the nutrients required for the fetus through pregnancy. It develops dynamically, and, to avoid rejection of the fetus, there is no mixing of fetal and maternal blood; rather, the branched placental villi 'bathe' in blood supplied from the uterine arteries. Within the villi, the feto-placental...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2014.0078
更新日期:2015-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::We present the development of a tool, which provides users with the ability to visualize and interact with a comprehensive description of a multi-scale model of the renal nephron. A one-dimensional anatomical model of the nephron has been created and is used for visualization and modelling of tubule transport in vario...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2010.0032
更新日期:2011-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::How did people in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries account for sleep loss? This article answers this question through an in-depth analysis of the life-writings of six early modern women and men that suffered from periodic or persistent episodes of sleep loss. It focuses on the ways in which these health crises ...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2019.0087
更新日期:2020-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Visual memory is crucial to navigation in many animals, including insects. Here, we focus on the problem of visual homing, that is, using comparison of the view at a current location with a view stored at the home location to control movement towards home by a novel shortcut. Insects show several visual specialization...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2018.0010
更新日期:2018-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::A novel class of ultra-thin fibres, which affect microbial growth, were explored. The microbial properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) fibres containing 2, 4 and 8 wt% of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were studied. GNPs were dispersed in a polymeric solution and processed using pressurized gyration. Electron microsco...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2017.0058
更新日期:2018-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Books with titles like 'The Call of the Wild' seemed to set a path for a life. Thus, I would be an explorer-a plan that did not work out so well, at least at first. On leaving school I got a job as a 'Works Chemist Improver', testing Ni catalysts for the hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanol. Taking night classes I ...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2019.0050
更新日期:2019-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, there has been a move away from the use of static in vitro two-dimensional cell culture models for testing the chemical safety and efficacy of drugs. Such models are increasingly being replaced by more physiologically relevant cell culture systems featuring dynamic flow and/or three-dimensional struct...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2019.0045
更新日期:2020-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) show distinctive plasmonic optical properties and superior photostability, enabling them to serve as photostable multi-coloured optical molecular probes and sensors for real-time in vivo imaging. To effectively study biological functions in vivo, it is essential that the NP probes are b...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2012.0098
更新日期:2013-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Biofuels have gained increasing attention as an alternative to fossil fuels for several reasons, one of which is their potential to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the transportation sector. Recent studies have questioned the validity of claims about the potential of biofuels to reduce GHG emissions rel...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2010.0016
更新日期:2011-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::Blood glucose levels are controlled by well-known physiological feedback loops: high glucose levels promote insulin release from the pancreas, which in turn stimulates cellular glucose uptake. Low blood glucose levels promote pancreatic glucagon release, stimulating glycogen breakdown to glucose in the liver. In healt...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2014.0042
更新日期:2014-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of the baby to receive nutrients and oxygen in utero depends on the healthy development of the placenta. For maternal blood to adequately perfuse the placenta, it dramatically alters the arteries in the uterus that supply it with nutrient-rich blood right from the start of pregnancy. Placental cells (troph...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2019.0019
更新日期:2019-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::The Dual-Wavelength Echidna Lidar (DWEL), a full waveform terrestrial laser scanner (TLS), has been used to scan a variety of forested and agricultural environments. From these scanning campaigns, we summarize the benefits and challenges given by DWEL's novel coaxial dual-wavelength scanning technology, particularly f...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2017.0039
更新日期:2018-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::We investigate, by molecular dynamics simulation, the behaviour of discotic particles in a solvent of Lennard-Jones spheres. When chromonic disc-sphere interactions are imposed on these systems, three regimes of self-assembly are observed. At moderate temperatures, numerous short threads of discs develop, but these th...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2011.0104
更新日期:2012-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::The morphology of the toe epithelium of the rock frog, Staurois parvus (Family Ranidae), was investigated using a variety of microscopical techniques. The toe pad epithelium is stratified (four to five cell layers), the apical parts of the cells of the outermost layer being separated by fluid-filled channels. The surf...
journal_title:Interface focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsfs.2014.0036
更新日期:2015-02-06 00:00:00