Abstract:
:The forehead was studied as a possible sampling site for capturing changes in volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles associated with psychological-stress. Skin-VOCs were sampled with a polydimethylsilicone (PDMS)-coupon and the resulting VOCs were recovered and analysed with two-stage thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fifteen young adult volunteers (19 years-26 years) participated in two interventions run in a randomised crossover design. One intervention, termed 'Neutral', required the participants to listen to peaceful music, the other, termed a 'paced audio serial addition task', required the participants to undertake a series of rapid mental arithmetic calculations in a challenging environment that induced a stress response. Skin-VOC samples were taken during each intervention. The resultant data were processed with dynamic background compensation, deconvolved, and registered to a common retention index scale. The importance of freezing skin patch samplers to -80 °C was determined during the method development phase of this study. The cumulative distribution function of the GC-MS data indicates the possibility that PDMS-coupons are selective towards the lower volatility VOC components in skin. The frequency distribution of the GC-MS data was observed to be approximately log-normal, and on the basis of this study, a further two-orders of magnitude reduction in sensitivity may be required before the complete skin-VOC profile may be characterised. Multi-variate analysis involving Pareto-scaling prior to partial least squares discriminant analysis identified four VOCs with the highest probability of contributing to the variance between the two states, and the responses to these VOCs were modelled with principle components analysis (PCA). Two VOCs, benzoic acid and n-decanoic acid were upregulated (14 and 8 fold respectively) and appear to be PASAT sensitive, with areas under (AUC) their receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves of 0.813 and 0.852 respectively. A xylene isomer and 3-carene were down regulated 75% and 97% respectively, and found to be predictive of the neutral intervention (ROC AUC values of 0.898 and 0.929 respectively). VOC profiles in skin appear to change with stress either due to increased elimination, elevated bacterial activity, or perhaps increased oxidative pathways.
journal_name
J Breath Resjournal_title
Journal of breath researchauthors
Martin HJ,Turner MA,Bandelow S,Edwards L,Riazanskaia S,Thomas CLdoi
10.1088/1752-7155/10/4/046012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-11-21 00:00:00pages
046012issue
4eissn
1752-7155issn
1752-7163journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Breath gas analysis provides insight into human metabolism of healthy and ill individuals. As an innovative and non-invasive method, it opens up options to improve diagnostics, monitoring and treatment decisions. Mid-infrared laser absorption spectroscopy is utilized to detect CH(4), H(2)O, CO(2), NH(3) and CH(3)OH in...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/5/2/027101
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to its high sensitivity, compact size and low cost ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) has the potential to become a point-of-care breath analyzer. Therefore, we developed a prototype of a compact, closed gas loop IMS with gas chromatographic (GC) pre-separation and high resolving power of R = 90. In this study, we ...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/10/2/026004
更新日期:2016-04-08 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress is associated with numerous health conditions and disorders, and aldehydes are known biomarkers of oxidative stress that can be non-invasively measured in exhaled human breath. Few studies report breath aldehyde levels in human populations, and none claim participant numbers in the hundreds or more. F...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7163/ab8865
更新日期:2020-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::Sugar malabsorption in the bowel can lead to bloating, cramps, diarrhea and other symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome as well as affecting absorption of other nutrients. The hydrogen breath test is now a well established noninvasive test for assessing malabsorption of sugars in the small intestine. However, there are...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/7/2/024001
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, the effects of aerobic exercise on the upper airways and their defense mechanisms were investigated in athletes. The athletes ran in two different environments: the downtown streets of the city of São Paulo (Street), more polluted, and an urban forest (Forest), less polluted. Thirty-eight young healthy ...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1088/1752-7163/10/4/046018
更新日期:2016-12-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath allows non-invasive investigations of diseases. Animal studies are conducted as a model to perform research of VOCs and their relation to diseases. In large animal models ruminants were often used as experimental targets. The effect of their physiol...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7163/aabdaf
更新日期:2018-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::In the present longitudinal study, we followed volatile organic compounds (VOCs) excreted in exhaled breath of 20 healthy individuals over time, while adhering to a gluten-free diet for 4 weeks prior to adherence to a normal diet. We used gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (TD-GC-tof-MS) in combination ...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/7/3/037104
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The design, realization and testing of a CO(2)-triggered breath sampler, capable of a separate collection of dead space and end-tidal air on multiple breaths, is presented. This sampling procedure has advantages in terms of the sample volume, insights regarding the origin of compounds, increased reproducibility and hi...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/2/3/037009
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leptin plays a key role in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Leptin production in human airways has been previously evaluated by measuring leptin concentration in the exhaled breath condensate and in the induced sputum. The aim was to study leptin expression in the cells of induced sputum and in exhaled breath ...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/4/3/036003
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wheeze is a common symptom in preschool children. The role of bacteria, regulatory T (T(reg)) cells and their association with airway inflammation in preschool wheeze is largely unknown. We evaluated inflammatory markers in exhaled breath condensate (EBC), bacterial colonization and circulating T(reg) cells in prescho...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/6/4/046001
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exhaled breath is coming to the forefront of non-invasive biomarker discovery efforts. Concentration of exhaled breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on thermal desorption (TD) tubes with subsequent analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has dominated this field. As discovery experimentation incre...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/10/4/046008
更新日期:2016-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::Rodent and nonhuman primate studies indicate that developmental programming by reduced perinatal nutrition negatively impacts life course cardio-metabolic health. We have developed a baboon model in which we feed control mothers (CON) ad libitum while nutrient restricted mothers are fed 70% of ad libitum global feed i...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7163/aaba84
更新日期:2018-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/emphysema risk groups are well defined and screening allows for early identification of disease. The capability of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to detect emphysema, as found by computed tomography (CT) in current and former heavy smokers participating in a lung...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/5/4/046009
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to analyze the impact of chewing gum on halitosis parameters. Three databases were searched with the following focused question: 'Can chewing gum additionally reduce halitosis parameters, such as organoleptic scores and volatile sulfur compounds (VSC), when compared to a control treatment'? Controlled...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1088/1752-7163/aa5cc2
更新日期:2017-02-17 00:00:00
abstract::While there has been progress in making use of breath tests to guide clinical decision making, the full potential of exhaled breath analysis still remains to be exploited. Here we summarize some of the reasons why this is the case, what we have done so far to overcome some of the existing obstacles, and our vision of ...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1088/1752-7163/aa9ee3
更新日期:2018-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::There is much clinical interest in the development of a low-cost and reliable test for diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), two very distinct diseases that can present with similar symptoms. The assessment of stool samples for the diagnosis of gastro-intestinal diseases is in...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/8/2/026001
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tongue coating (TC) mainly consists of protein mostly from exfoliated epithelial cells. Until now, to reduce TC accumulation, only mechanical measures have been available, and the procedure involves unpleasant side effects, such as gagging reflex or carcinogenesis related to mechanical stimulation. We expected that pr...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/6/1/017107
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are many respiratory infections such as influenza that cause epidemics. These respiratory infection epidemics can be effectively prevented by determining the presence or absence of infections in patients using frequent tests. We think that self-diagnosis may be possible using a system that can collect and detect...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/10/3/036009
更新日期:2016-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated whether oral malodour with plaque-related periodontal disease was associated with the prevalence of periodontopathic bacteria in saliva and tongue debris. The subjects were 30 patients who visited the Breath Odour Clinic. An oral examination was performed at baseline and two months after period...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/2/1/017006
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is increasingly being used as a non-invasive method for disease diagnosis and environmental exposure assessment. We previously detected the nucleic acids of bacterial pathogens in EBC. Influenza viruses can be transmitted through aerosols during coughing and exhaling. Existing detection...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7163/abd14c
更新日期:2021-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::Methods for breath sampling and analysis require robust quality assessment to minimise the risk of false discoveries. Planning large-scale multi-site breath metabolite profiling studies also requires careful consideration of systematic and random variation as a result of sampling and analysis techniques. In this study...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7163/aae557
更新日期:2018-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Exhaled breath acetone (BrAce) was investigated during and after submaximal aerobic exercise as a volatile biomarker for metabolic responsiveness in high and lower-fit individuals in a prospective cohort pilot-study. Twenty healthy adults (19-39 years) with different levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak), dete...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7163/abba6c
更新日期:2020-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::Bronchiectasis, bronchiolectasis, and bronchiolisation of alveolar regions are salient features of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We asked whether IPF was associated with physiological changes consistent with increases in the volume of conducting airways, and whether airway volume was related to the severity of ...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/10/1/016005
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite recent progress in Critical Care Medicine, sepsis is still a major medical problem with a high rate of mortality and morbidity especially in intensive care units. Oxidative stress induced by inflammation associated with sepsis causes degradation of heme protein, increases microsomal free heme content, promotes...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/4/4/047103
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is a marker of airway inflammation. Measuring FENO at multiple flow rates enables calculation of NO parameters: bronchial NO output (J awNO), bronchial wall (C awNO) and alveolar (C ANO) NO concentrations, and bronchial diffusion factor of NO (D awNO). FENO is known to rapidly re...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7163/abc054
更新日期:2020-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Concentrations of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) may depend not only on biochemical or pathologic processes but also on physiological parameters. As breath sampling may be done in different body positions, effects of the sampling position on exhaled VOC concentrations were investigated by means of real-time...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/9/4/047105
更新日期:2015-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::Microbial cultures and/or microbial associated diseases often have a characteristic smell. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are produced by all microorganisms as part of their normal metabolism. The types and classes of VOC produced is wide, including fatty acids and their derivatives (e.g. hydrocarbons, aliphatic al...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/6/2/024001
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Robust methods for breath sampling and analysis are required for potential clinical applications. We have evaluated an improved sampling and experimental design, assessing instrumental and biological variability within and across breath measurements. Calibration curves for selected relevant volatile organic compounds...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/6/2/026002
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exhaled breath collection is used to identify and monitor inflammatory or oxidative components in breath. Exhaled breath sample collection is noninvasive and would greatly benefit human pollutant exposure research. We demonstrate the efficacy of exhaled breath collection and analysis in two human exposure studies to o...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/2/3/037019
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exhaled NO (FE(NO)) measurements have been utilized as a marker to diagnose asthma as well as a non-invasive tool for monitoring airway inflammation and the response to anti-inflammatory medications. One area where this non-invasive monitoring may be helpful is for asthmatic athletes as they train for competitive even...
journal_title:Journal of breath research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1752-7155/2/3/037027
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00