Abstract:
:The effect of two herbicides (paraquat and 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid) and two fungicides (mancozeb and captafol) was studied on the growth of Flagellospora penicillioides, Lunulospora curvula and Phalangispora constricta using the poisoned-food technique. The pesticides did not produce any inhibition of growth at concentrations up to 5 mg/l. The required concentration to bring about total inhibition of growth varied among the chemicals and the cultures. The herbicides produced a slight enhancement of culture growth at concentrations ranging from 1 to 25 mg/l.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Chandrashekar KR,Kaveriappa KMdoi
10.1016/0378-4274(89)90058-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-09-01 00:00:00pages
311-5issue
3eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
0378-4274(89)90058-1journal_volume
48pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Cocaine remains a widely abused substance. While most addicts take cocaine intranasally, a considerable number abuse cocaine by mouth. It has been assumed that after oral exposure cocaine is hydrolyzed in the stomach rendering it ineffective. This study investigated the effect of orally administered cocaine on liver f...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
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doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00412-x
更新日期:2001-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::When 3-nitropropanol (NPOH) was injected into the rumen (30 mg/kg), abomasum (10 mg/kg) or small intestine (10 mg/kg) of sheep, it was rapidly absorbed and converted to 3-nitropropionic acid (NPA). The reticulo-rumen was the major site of absorption for the miserotoxin aglycone but the abomasum and the small intestine...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(84)90002-x
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kahweol, the coffee-specific diterpene, has been reported to have anti-carcinogenic properties. Animal data support such a chemopreventive effect of coffee. However, the precise underlying protective mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, the apoptotic effect of kahweol in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
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doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.01.022
更新日期:2009-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Bilitranslocase (BTL) is a plasma membrane carrier that transports organic anions of physiological and pharmacological interest. It is expressed in basolateral plasma membrane of kidney and liver. BTL has been recently described as a marker of transition from normal tissue to its neoplastic transformation in human kid...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.11.022
更新日期:2014-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a ubiquitous air pollutant, presents in low concentrations in the urban air, and in higher concentrations in the working environment. In the present study, male Wistar rats were housed in exposure chambers and treated with 14.00+/-1.53, 28.00+/-2.12 and 56.00+/-4.28 mg/m3 SO2 for 6 h/day for 7 ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.06.002
更新日期:2005-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) plays a crucial role in the cellular defense against oxidative/electrophilic stress by up-regulating multiple antioxidant genes. Numerous studies with genetically modified animals have demonstrated that Nrf2 is a sensitivity determining factor upon the exposure to env...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.12.026
更新日期:2013-03-27 00:00:00
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journal_title:Toxicology letters
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doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(02)00495-2
更新日期:2003-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::The liver carcinogen N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) has to be metabolically activated by specific cytochromes before it can react with cellular macromolecules (e.g. proteins or DNA). Although hepatocytes are believed to be responsible for this activation, the liver tumours originate mainly from non-parenchymal cells (N...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00400-3
更新日期:2001-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatic and renal microsomal electron transport components and erythrocyte delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase were investigated in adult male rats exposed to 0, 50, 200 and 600 ppm tetrachloroethylene for 4 weeks. Body weight and liver weight showed a significant decrease only in the 600 ppm group. A dose-dependent dec...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(90)90185-o
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure of C57Bl mice to 10 ppm benzene (the current occupational exposure limit) for 6 h/day, 5 days/week causes a progressive depression in the in vitro colony forming ability of one of the erythroid progenitor cells, the colony-forming unit-erythroid (CFU-E). Colony growth of cells from exposed mice was only 5% of...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(84)90169-3
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of a single intravenous (i.v.) injection of cadmium nitrate was investigated in livers of male Wistar rats. A significant increase in liver weight, accompanied by an elevation of total hepatic DNA content was observed. DNA synthesis as measured by the incorporation of [3H]thymidine, was found to be 6 times ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(84)90020-1
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study demonstrates an intraspecies difference in elimination of methylmercury between two genetic variant strains of mice. Following a single non-toxic dose of 203Hg labeled methylmercury (0.5 mg Hg/kg i.p.), the half-time of 203Hg elimination in the CBA/J inbred strain was 7.4 days compared to 3.0 days in the CF...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(80)90114-9
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Occupational and environmental exposure to pesticides has been associated with thyroid dysfunction, particularly changes in circulating thyroid hormone levels (T3, T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). This study assessed the association between environmental exposure to pesticides and the risk of developing thyr...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.08.017
更新日期:2019-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::A number of zero tolerance provisions are contained in both food and animal feed law, e.g. for chemical substances whose occurrence is not permitted or is directly prohibited in food or animal feed. In the European Union, bans of this kind were introduced to give consumers and animals the greatest possible protection ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.10.002
更新日期:2007-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::Recent hypothesis suggesting a role for environmental toxins in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders has stimulated interest in research on xenobiotic metabolizing capability of the brain. In addition to possible irreversible loss of neurons through bioactivation in situ in the nervous tissue, the metabolis...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(95)03508-7
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Furan, a potential human carcinogen, is formed during heat-treatment of food. Previous studies of the genotoxicity of furan have given disparate results. Hence, there is a need for complementary data to clarify the mechanism behind the carcinogenicity of furan. In this study, we have used the flow cytometer-based micr...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.08.020
更新日期:2007-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of 3 weeks' or 6 months' inhalation exposure of rats to aromatic white spirit 6 h/day, 5 days/week at 0, 400, or 800 ppm were studied. Synaptosomal neurochemistry was investigated as index of the in situ conditions in the presynaptic nerve terminal. In both studies, the relative and absolute yield of synap...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(95)03325-f
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative damage plays a key role in septic shock induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is known to enhance the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, biochemical parameters indicative of oxidative stress were tested in the rat heart following LPS challenge, with and without pretreatment with t...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00369-1
更新日期:2001-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::Adrenal weight and the concentration of corticosterone and glucose in plasma of male Wistar rats, dosed orally with fenitrothion (7.25 or 14.5 mg/kg/day) for 28 days were investigated. A significant increase in the relative weight of adrenals was observed 2 weeks after treatment commenced, but was preceded by an incre...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(82)90126-6
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicity of a compound for an organism is dependent on the route of exposure, the amount (or concentration), the way in which the compound is taken up, distributes and is eliminated from the organism (ADME, kinetics) and the intrinsic properties (reactivity; mode of action, dynamics) of the compound towards the organi...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
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更新日期:2003-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::Alternaria spp. are ubiquitous molds that are able to produce toxic secondary metabolites which may contaminate food globally. One of those is the mycotoxin altertoxin II (ATX-II), a genotoxic and mutagenic compound. In recent years, different flavonoids that may co-occur with mycotoxins in food were demonstrated to t...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.12.002
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to evidence that inhalation of ambient particulate matter (PM) can increase cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality, the brain may also constitute a site adversely effected by the environmental presence of airborne particulate matter. We have examined the association between exposure to PM and adverse CNS ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.03.001
更新日期:2008-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::A direct continuous spectrophotometric assay to measure pyrethroid-cleaving enzymes in human serum was developed using cis- and trans-alpha-naphthyl-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylate (cis- and trans-naphthyl-Cl2CA). These substrates show a structure very similar to the pyrethroids most often use...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(99)00030-2
更新日期:1999-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of feeding a diet containing 5% tansy ragwort (TR) (Senecio jacobaea), a poisonous plant containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA), on the blood and liver levels of copper, zinc, iron and vitamin A in broiler chicks was examined. Serum and liver copper and liver iron concentrations were increased in chicks fe...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(92)90017-e
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of four phthalates, i.e., di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) on necrotic and apoptotic cell death, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were studied on mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. All the phthalates ca...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.04.001
更新日期:2009-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::The industrial solvent dioxane (1,4-diethylene dioxide) was evaluated for teratogenic potential in Sprague-Dawley rats. The compound was administered on days 6-15 of gestation by gavage (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 ml/kg/day). A slight maternal toxicity, as evidenced by reduced weight gain, was observed with 1.0 ml/kg. Anima...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(85)90189-4
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical warfare agents, such as soman, and pesticides, such as chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos or malathion, are toxic organophosphorous compounds (OPCs) that are readily absorbed by the skin. Decontamination using solvents or surfactants may modify the cornified layer - the skin's main barrier against xenobiotic penetratio...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.03.005
更新日期:2013-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a clear association between betel nut chewing and an increased risk for oral mucosal lesions. Arecoline, the most abundant betel alkaloid, is considered the most important etiologic factor in betel nuts. In addition, most betel nut chewers are also smokers. In order to elucida...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(00)00262-9
更新日期:2000-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::The tissue redistribution of accumulated 2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) during infection was studied in adult male A/J mice using a common human virus coxsackievirus B3. Before infection (day 1), all mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 1 microCi 3H-TCDD, corresponding to 0.5 microg TCDD kg(-1...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(00)00217-4
更新日期:2000-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnant rats were exposed to 0, 100, 200, 400 or 800 ppm of carbon disulfide (CS2), 100 ppm of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) alone or in combination with 400 and 800 ppm CS2, 6 h/d during days 6-20 of gestation. Maternal reproduction and fetal parameters were evaluated on gestational day 21. Treatment with 100 or 200 ppm CS...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(89)90186-0
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00