Abstract：
:Seizure-induced cardiorespiratory autonomic dysfunction is a major cause of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), and the underlying mechanism is unclear. Seizures lead to increased synthesis, and release of glutamate, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP), and other neurotransmitters, and cause extensive activation of microglia at multiple regions in the brain including central autonomic cardiorespiratory brainstem nuclei. Glutamate contributes to neurodegeneration, and inflammation in epilepsy. PACAP has neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties, whereas microglia are key players in inflammatory responses in CNS. Seizure-induced increase in PACAP is neuroprotective. PACAP produces neuroprotective effects acting on microglial PAC1 and VPAC1 receptors. Microglia also express glutamate transporters, and their expression can be increased by PACAP in response to harmful or stressful situations such as seizures. Here we discuss the mechanism of autonomic cardiorespiratory dysfunction in seizure, and the role of PACAP, glutamate and microglia in regulating cardiorespiratory brainstem neurons in their physiological state that could provide future therapeutic options for SUDEP.
journal_name
Respir Physiol Neurobioljournal_title
Respiratory physiology & neurobiologyauthors
Bhandare AM,Kapoor K,Farnham MM,Pilowsky PMdoi
10.1016/j.resp.2016.01.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-06-01 00:00:00pages
39-50eissn
1569-9048issn
1878-1519pii
S1569-9048(16)30003-9journal_volume
226pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Airway injury in infant monkeys exposed to ozone and/or house dust mite allergen (HDMA) is associated with a loss of epithelial innervation. In this study, we evaluated for persistence/recovery of the altered epithelial innervation. Thirty-day-old rhesus monkeys were exposed to repeated episodes of HDMA and/or ozone f...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2006.03.002
更新日期：2007-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Periodic breathing (PB) is a diseased condition of the cardiorespiratory system, and mathematically it is modelled as an oscillation. Modeling approaches replicate periodic oscillation in the minute ventilation due to a higher than normal gain of the feedback signals from the chemoreceptors coupled with a longer than ...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2018.03.005
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cardiovascular system undergoes major changes in stress with space flight primarily related to the elimination of the head-to-foot gravitational force. A major observation has been that the central venous pressure is not elevated early in space flight yet stroke volume is increased at least early in flight. Recent...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2009.07.017
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship among airway responsiveness, inflammation and remodelling in asthma is incompletely understood. To investigate potential mechanistic associations, allergen-induced asthma was studied in C57Bl/6 mice. Mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) using sub-acute (SA) or chronic (C) protocols...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2009.08.005
更新日期：2009-10-31 00:00:00
abstract：:This review will focus on neural plasticity and recovery of respiratory function after spinal cord injury and feature the "crossed phrenic phenomenon" (CPP) as a model for demonstrating such plasticity and recovery. A very brief summary of the earlier literature on the CPP will be followed by a more detailed review of...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2009.06.005
更新日期：2009-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:We tested the hypotheses that: (1) carotid body size can be measured by computed tomographic angiography (CTA) with high inter-observer agreement, and (2) patients with sleep apnea exhibit larger carotid bodies than those without sleep apnea. A chart review was conducted from patients who underwent neck CTA and polyso...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2016.10.013
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the effects of salbutamol on the markers of epithelial function in a murine model of chronic allergic pulmonary inflammation by recording the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) and the transepithelial potential difference (PD) in vivo. Mice were sensitized and received four challenges of ovalbumin (OVA group...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2011.03.016
更新日期：2011-07-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal development of the lung requires coordinated activation of cascades of signaling pathways initiated by growth factors signaling through their receptors. TrkB and its ligands, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-4, belong to the neurotrophin family of growth factors, which are expressed in ...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2009.06.001
更新日期：2009-07-31 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Prolonged partial obstruction (PPO) is a common finding in sleep studies. Although not verified, it seems to emerge in deep sleep. We study the effect of PPO on sleep architecture or sleep electroencephalography (EEG) frequency. METHODS:Fifteen OSA patients, 15 PPO + OSA patients and 15 healthy subjects unde...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2018.05.009
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our aim was to determine whether maternal cigarette smoking affects arousal and ventilatory responses to hypoxia in infants. Infants born to non-smoking (NS, n = 15) and smoking mothers (SM, n= 9) were studied at 2-5 weeks, 2-3 and 5-6 months. Ventilatory responses to 15% O(2) were determined preceding arousal. At eac...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2004.01.004
更新日期：2004-04-20 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined whether recruitment maneuvers (RMs) with gradual increase in airway pressure (RAMP) provide better outcome than continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in paraquat-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Wistar rats received saline intraperitoneally (0.5 mL, CTRL) or paraquat (15 mg/kg, ALI). Twenty-four hours...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2009.08.010
更新日期：2009-10-31 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A sustained elevation in respiratory drive following removal of the inducing stimulus is known as respiratory long-term facilitation (rLTF). We investigated whether an acute exposure to intermittent negative airway pressure (INAP) elicits rLTF in humans. METHOD:13 healthy males (20.9 ± 2.8 years) undertook ...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2019.05.016
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflight 24-h profiles of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded in 2 ESA-astronauts by automatic upper arm cuff measurements. In one astronaut this was combined with Portapres continuous finger blood pressure recordings. It was the intention to contrast the latter to 24-h recordings in an earlier Head-...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2009.05.006
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our aim was to observe the induction of panic attacks (PA) symptoms by a breath-hold test in panic disorder (PD) patients as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders 4th edition (DSM-IV) and their healthy first-degree relatives. We randomly selected 26 PD patients, 28 healthy first-degree relatives o...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1569-9048(02)00149-0
更新日期：2002-10-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Aquaporins (AQPs) are small, integral membrane proteins that facilitate water transport across cell membranes in response to osmotic gradients. Water transport across epithelia and endothelia in the peripheral lung and airways occurs during airway hydration, alveolar fluid transport and submucosal gland secretion. Sev...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2007.02.012
更新日期：2007-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) with recurrent apnea is a major health problem affecting several million adult men and women. Humans with SDB are prone to develop hypertension. Studies on rodents established that exposure to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) alone is sufficient to induce hypertension similar to that...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2015.01.001
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent in vitro data suggest that astrocytes may modulate respiration. To examine this question in vivo, we treated 5-day-old rat pups with methionine sulfoximine (MS), a compound that alters carbohydrate and glutamate metabolism in astrocytes, but not neurons. MS-treated pups displayed a reduced breathing frequency (...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2005.01.009
更新日期：2005-05-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Knowledge regarding particle deposition processes in the nasal cavity is important in aerosol therapy and inhalation toxicology applications. This paper presents a comparative study of the deposition of micron and submicron particles under different steady laminar flow rates using a Lagrangian approach. A computationa...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2009.02.014
更新日期：2009-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The physiologic function of nasal nitric oxide (NO) release is unknown. In prior experiments, topical NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on nasal mucosa reduced exhaled nasal NO output and caused daytime sleepiness. We hypothesized that nasal NO output is reduced at night during the sleep period. We measured ex...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2006.08.002
更新日期：2007-04-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Maximal metabolic rate (MMR) of mammals scales differently from basal metabolic rate (BMR). This is first shown by scrutinizing data reported on exercise-induced Vo2 max in 34 eutherian mammalian species covering a body mass range of 7 g-500 kg. Vo2 max was found to scale with the 0.872 (+/-0.029, 95% confidence limit...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2004.01.006
更新日期：2004-05-20 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously shown that mice with near-complete absence of 5-HT neurons (Lmx1bf/f/p) display a blunted hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR) and impaired cold-induced thermogenesis, but have normal baseline ventilation (), core body temperature (TCore) and hypoxic ventilatory responses (HVR) at warm ambient te...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2008.08.003
更新日期：2008-12-31 00:00:00
abstract：:A possible mechanism underlying adaptive control of the respiratory system is gain modulation of the discharge frequency (F(n)) patterns of medullary respiratory neurons mediated by GABA(A) receptors. Antagonism of GABA(A) receptors with bicuculline results in an F(n) pattern that is an amplified replica of the underl...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1569-9048(02)00042-3
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previously we have reported that association of cigarette smoke (CS) and chronic hypoxia (CH) interact positively to physiopathologically remodel pulmonary circulation. In present study we have exposed guinea pigs to CS smoke (four cigarettes/day; 3 months; CS) and to chronic hypoxia (12% O(2), 15 days; CH) alone or i...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2011.09.013
更新日期：2011-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in pulmonary hemodynamics modify the mechanical properties of the lungs. The effects of alterations in pulmonary capillary pressure (Pc) were investigated on the airway and lung tissue mechanics during positive-pressure ventilation and following lung recruitment maneuvers. Isolated, mechanically normoventilate...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2006.12.004
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic heart failure (CHF) results in a greater cost of breathing and necessitates an elevated diaphragm blood flow (BF). Dietary nitrate (NO3‾) supplementation lowers the cost of exercise. We hypothesized that dietary NO3‾ supplementation would attenuate the CHF-induced greater cost of breathing and thus the heighte...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2017.09.017
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal, progressive neurodegenerative disease. ALS selectively causes degeneration in upper and lower (spinal) motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis and death by ventilatory failure. Although ventilatory failure is generally the cause of death in ALS, little is kn...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2013.05.016
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years, it has become evident that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in the regulation of several physiological and pathophysiological processes. Herein we review the main sources, targets and pathophysiological roles of ROS in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle. Mitochondria and NADPH oxidases...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2010.08.009
更新日期：2010-12-31 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the effects of five nights of normobaric hypoxia on ventilatory responses to acute isocapnic hypoxia (AHVR) and hyperoxic hypercapnia (AHCVR). Twelve male subjects (26.6 +/- 4.1 years, standard deviation (S.D.)) slept 8-9 h per day overnight for 5 consecutive days at a simulated altitude of 4,300 m...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1569-9048(03)00190-3
更新日期：2003-11-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Tibetans are the oldest population living permanently at high altitude. They possess several adaptations to low oxygen pressure that improve oxygen transport. We hypothesised that native Tibetans have mechanisms allowing them to maintain a better sleep structure and oxygenation during sleep at high altitude than newco...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1569-9048(03)00081-8
更新日期：2003-07-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Our aim was to investigate the role of microRNA on epithelial wound repair by global microRNA silencing. We have also analysed the influence of five miRNAs (miR-328, miR-342, miR-411, miR-609, miR-888, previously identified) on wound repair in 16HBE14o-bronchial epithelial cell line. Cells were transfected with siRNAs...
journal_title：Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.resp.2017.03.010
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
