Abstract:
:A possible mechanism underlying adaptive control of the respiratory system is gain modulation of the discharge frequency (F(n)) patterns of medullary respiratory neurons mediated by GABA(A) receptors. Antagonism of GABA(A) receptors with bicuculline results in an F(n) pattern that is an amplified replica of the underlying control pattern. The contours of F(n) patterns remain proportional to one another. Studies suggest that a tonic GABA(A)ergic input constrains the control- and reflexly-induced activities of these neurons to about 35-50% of the discharge rate without this inhibitory input. The pharmacology of this mechanism is unusual in that picrotoxin, a noncompetitive GABA(A) receptor antagonist, does not produce gain modulation, but is able to block the silent phase inhibition (e.g. E phase of an I neuron). Alterations in the amplitude of spike afterhyperpolarizations mediated by Ca(2+) activated K(+) channels also produces gain modulation. This mechanism modulates exogenously- and endogenously-induced neuronal activities, whereas the bicuculline-sensitive GABAergic mechanism modulates only the respiratory-related activities. Thus, these two forms of gain modulation, acting in cascade manner, may provide robust mechanisms for the optimal control of respiratory, as well as other behavioral functions (e.g. coughing, sneezing, vomiting) mediated by respiratory premotor neurons.
journal_name
Respir Physiol Neurobioljournal_title
Respiratory physiology & neurobiologyauthors
Zuperku EJ,McCrimmon DRdoi
10.1016/s1569-9048(02)00042-3keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-07-01 00:00:00pages
121-33issue
1-2eissn
1569-9048issn
1878-1519pii
S1569904802000423journal_volume
131pub_type
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2006.07.003
更新日期:2007-03-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1569-9048(02)00183-0
更新日期:2002-11-19 00:00:00
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2017.03.003
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1569-9048(03)00124-1
更新日期:2003-08-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2006.02.006
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2013.04.013
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2015.03.007
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2008.05.019
更新日期:2008-07-31 00:00:00
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2005.11.004
更新日期:2006-10-27 00:00:00
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2015.06.007
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2020.103547
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apnea after exercise may evoke a neurally mediated conflict that may affect apneic time and create a cardiovascular strain. The physiological responses, induced by apnea with face immersion in cold water (10 °C), after a 3-min exercise bout, at 85% of VO2max,were examined in 10 swimmers. A pre-selected 40-s apnea, com...
journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2015.07.014
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::How the involuntary (bulbospinal) and voluntary (corticospinal) pathways interact in respiratory muscle control is not established. To determine the role of excitatory corticobulbar pathways in humans, studies typically compare electromyographic activity (EMG) or evoked responses in respiratory muscles during hypercap...
journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2019.103353
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ziziphora clinopodioides has been frequently used as an anti asthmatic plant in traditional medication. Recent work explores the anti-asthmatic activity of Z. clinopodioides in allergen-induced asthmatic mice. Intraperitoneal sensitization followed by intranasal challenge were given with ovalbumin (allergen) to develo...
journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2019.04.005
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2015.07.015
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to compare the ventilatory responses of C57BL6 female and male mice during a 15 min exposure to a hypoxic-hypercapnic (H-H) or a hypoxic (10% O(2), 90% N(2)) challenge and subsequent return to room air. The ventilatory responses to H-H were similar in males and females whereas there were pron...
journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2012.11.010
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sensitization of cough reflex observed in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is attributed to activation of vagal C-fibers innervating the esophagus by acid, while the heartburn in GERD is mediated by esophageal acid sensitive C-fibers derived from (dorsal root ganglia) DRG. Here we explored the ...
journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2018.03.011
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reflux laryngitis in infants may be involved not only in laryngeal disorders, but also in disorders of cardiorespiratory control through its impact on laryngeal function. Our objective was to study the effect of reflux laryngitis on non-nutritive swallowing (NNS) and NNS-breathing coordination. Two groups of six newbo...
journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.resp.2014.05.010
更新日期:2014-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Within the moderate exercise intensity domain, the speed of oxygen uptake (V(O(2))) kinetics at the transition to a higher metabolic rate is thought to be limited by an inertia of the oxidative machinery. Nitric oxide (NO)-induced inhibition of O(2) consumption within the electron transport chain may contribute to thi...
journal_title:Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1569-9048(02)00068-x
更新日期:2002-08-30 00:00:00