Abstract:
:Accurate real-time tracking of influenza outbreaks helps public health officials make timely and meaningful decisions that could save lives. We propose an influenza tracking model, ARGO (AutoRegression with GOogle search data), that uses publicly available online search data. In addition to having a rigorous statistical foundation, ARGO outperforms all previously available Google-search-based tracking models, including the latest version of Google Flu Trends, even though it uses only low-quality search data as input from publicly available Google Trends and Google Correlate websites. ARGO not only incorporates the seasonality in influenza epidemics but also captures changes in people's online search behavior over time. ARGO is also flexible, self-correcting, robust, and scalable, making it a potentially powerful tool that can be used for real-time tracking of other social events at multiple temporal and spatial resolutions.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Yang S,Santillana M,Kou SCdoi
10.1073/pnas.1515373112subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-11-24 00:00:00pages
14473-8issue
47eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
1515373112journal_volume
112pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Impaired regulatory T-cell function results in a severe chronic autoimmune disease affecting multiple organs in Scurfy mice and humans with the immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked (IPEX) syndrome. Previous studies have shown that T helper cells but not cytotoxic T cells are critical for the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1313547110
更新日期:2013-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::Aliphatic hydrocarbons such as fatty alcohols and petroleum-derived alkanes have numerous applications in the chemical industry. In recent years, the renewable synthesis of aliphatic hydrocarbons has been made possible by engineering microbes to overaccumulate fatty acids. However, to generate end products with the de...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1216516110
更新日期:2013-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::The cell surface of embryonic peripheral neurons provides a mitogenic stimulus for Schwann cells. We report (i) the solubilization of this mitogenic activity from rat dorsal root ganglion neurons grown in tissue culture and (ii) the solubilization and partial purification of mitogenic activity from neonatal rat brains...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.18.6992
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::3S(-)-N-(2,3-dihydro-1-methyl-2-oxo-5-phenyl-1H-1,4- benzodiazepine-3-yl)-1H-indole-2-carboxamide (L-364,718) interacted in a competitive manner with rat pancreatic cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors as determined by Scatchard analysis of the specific binding of 125I-labeled CCK. The affinity of L-364,718 for both pancre...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.13.4923
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reproductive success is widely used as a measure of fitness. However, offspring quantity may not reflect the genetic contribution to subsequent generations if there is nonrandom variation in offspring quality. Offspring quality is likely to be an important component of human fitness, and tradeoffs between offspring qu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1310058111
更新日期:2014-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the evolution of a Theory of Mind, we need to understand the selective factors that might have jumpstarted its initial evolution. We argue that a subconscious, reflexive appreciation of others' intentions, emotions, and perspectives is at the roots of even the most complex forms of Theory of Mind and tha...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1301223110
更新日期:2013-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work has uncovered the existence of an Escherichia coli locus, groE, that is essential for bacterial growth, lambda phage and T4 phage head morphogenesis, and T5 phage tail assembly. Our genetic and biochemical analyses of lambda groE+ transducing phages and their deletion and point mutant derivatives show th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.3.1629
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules are heterodimeric glycoproteins with one alpha and one beta polypeptide chain of similar molecular size. In this report, we describe the binding of an acetylated N-terminal peptide of myelin basic protein, [Ala4]MBP-(1-14), to purified individual alpha and beta...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.4.1604
更新日期:1993-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Homologous recombination is an important biological process that occurs in all organisms and facilitates genome rearrangements and repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Eukaryotic Rad51 proteins (Rad51sp or Rhp51 in fission yeast) are functional and structural homologs of bacterial RecA protein, an evolutionarily conser...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2632890100
更新日期:2003-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::We have tried to find out why Ascaris hemoglobin has such an exceptionally high oxygen affinity (P50 approximately 0.004 mmHg; 1 mmHg = 133 Pa). Following Kloek et al., we have synthesized the N-terminal globin domain of Ascaris hemoglobin in Escherichia coli [Kloek, A. P., Yang, J., Mathews, F. S. & Goldberg, D. (199...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.4.1594
更新日期:1994-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Proteins internalized into the endocytic pathway are usually degraded. Efficient proteolysis requires denaturation, induced by acidic conditions within lysosomes, and reduction of inter- and intrachain disulfide bonds. Cytosolic reduction is mediated enzymatically by thioredoxin, but the mechanism of lysosomal reducti...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.2.745
更新日期:2000-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::Transporters in the Golgi apparatus membrane translocate nucleotide sugars from the cytosol into the Golgi lumen before these can be substrates for the glycosylation of proteins, lipids, and proteoglycans. We have cloned the mammalian Golgi membrane transporter for uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine by phenotypic...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.14.7888
更新日期:1998-07-07 00:00:00
abstract::Illumination of a system consisting of a vertical tube containing an unstirred homogeneous suspension of thylakoids in an imposed linear concentration gradient of an electron acceptor, 2,6-dichloroindophenol, gave rise to a one-dimensional banded pattern of the acceptor that evolved in a time-dependent manner. The spa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.2.516
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thyroid hormone is a major regulator of thermogenesis, acting both in peripheral organs and on central autonomic pathways. Mice heterozygous for a point mutation in thyroid hormone receptor α1 display increased thermogenesis as a consequence of high sympathetic brown fat stimulation. Surprisingly, despite the hypermet...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1310300110
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Superresolution fluorescence microscopy overcomes the diffraction resolution barrier and allows the molecular intricacies of life to be revealed with greatly enhanced detail. However, many current superresolution techniques still face limitations and their implementation is typically associated with a steep learning c...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1204917109
更新日期:2012-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::The human T cell leukemia virus I basic leucine zipper protein (HTLV-1 HBZ) maintains chronic viral infection and promotes leukemogenesis through poorly understood mechanisms involving interactions with the KIX domain of the transcriptional coactivator CBP and its paralog p300. The KIX domain binds regulatory proteins...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1810397115
更新日期:2018-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::The conformation of L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.35) has been derived from electron-density maps calculated at 2.8-A resolution with phases obtained from two heavy-atom derivatives and the bound coenzyme, NAD. Like other dehydrogenases, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase is a double-domain structure, but t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.23.8262
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epithelial growth factor-like 7 (EGFL7) is a protein that is secreted by endothelial cells and plays an important role in angiogenesis. Although EGFL7 is aberrantly overexpressed in solid tumors, its role in leukemia has not been evaluated. Here, we report that levels of both EGFL7 mRNA and EGFL7 protein are increased...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1703142114
更新日期:2017-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Carrying premature termination codons in 1 allele of the ABCA7 gene is associated with an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). While the primary function of ABCA7 is to regulate the transport of phospholipids and cholesterol, ABCA7 is also involved in maintaining homeostasis of the immune system. Since inflamm...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1908529116
更新日期:2019-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of small resting B cells with soluble F(ab')2 fragments of anti-IgM, an analogue of T-independent type 2 antigens, induced activation characterized by proliferation and the expression of surface CD5. In contrast, B cells induced to proliferate in response to thymus-dependent inductive signals provided by eit...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.8.3348
更新日期:1995-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::The Escherichia coli cytosolic homotetrameric protein SecB is known to be involved in protein export across the plasma membrane. A currently prevalent view holds that SecB functions exclusively as a chaperone interacting nonspecifically with unfolded proteins, not necessarily exported proteins, whereas a contrary view...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.22.10133
更新日期:1995-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::X-ray structures of bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase have suggested that the enzyme, which reduces O(2) in a process coupled with a proton pumping process, contains a proton pumping pathway (H-pathway) composed of a hydrogen bond network and a water channel located in tandem across the enzyme. The hydrogen bond netwo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0611627104
更新日期:2007-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::[Ala3-15N][Val1]Gramicidin A has been prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis and studied by solid-state 15N nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The synthesis of desformyl[Ala3-15N][Val1]gramicidin A employed N-hydroxysuccinimide esters of 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-N alpha-amino acids and completely avoided th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.5.1384
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::During response of budding yeast to peptide mating pheromone, the cell becomes markedly polarized and MAPK scaffold protein Ste5 localizes to the resulting projection (shmoo tip). We demonstrated before that this recruitment is essential for sustained MAPK signaling and requires interaction of a pleckstrin homology (P...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1005817107
更新日期:2010-06-29 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulating evidence indicates that epigenetic alterations contribute to exacerbated activation or deregulation of the mechanisms that maintain tolerance to self-antigens in patients with lupus, a systemic autoimmune disease that can be triggered by medications taken to treat a variety of conditions. Here, we tested ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0610434104
更新日期:2007-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::With current concerns of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and biodefense, it has become important to rapidly identify infectious bacteria. Traditional technologies involving isolation and amplification of the pathogenic bacteria are time-consuming. We report a rapid and simple method that combines in vivo biotinylation o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0601211103
更新日期:2006-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::Components in cerebrospinal fluid that are antigenically related to myelin basic protein have been identified by a technique described recently [Barbarese, E., Braun, P. E. & Carson, J. H. (1977) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74, 3360-3364] involving separating the cerebrospinal fluid proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate/p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.4.1976
更新日期:1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The paucity of knowledge about cardiomyocyte maturation is a major bottleneck in cardiac regenerative medicine. In development, cardiomyocyte maturation is characterized by orchestrated structural, transcriptional, and functional specializations that occur mainly at the perinatal stage. Sarcomeres are the key cytoskel...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2008861118
更新日期:2021-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::The bacterial actin homolog, MreB, forms helical cables within the cell that are required for maintenance of a rod shape. These helical structures are thought to be involved in the spatial organization of cell wall (peptidoglycan) synthesizing complexes of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). Here, we examined the role...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0507937102
更新日期:2005-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), which plays a functional role in plant physiology, is a source of chronic human disease, forming the major inorganic component of kidney stones. Understanding molecular mechanisms of biological control over COM crystallization is central to development of effective stone disease ther...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0307900100
更新日期:2004-02-17 00:00:00